python opencv 调用 海康威视工业相机（又全又细又简洁）

1.准备工作

准备一个海康相机

下载MVS 和SDK

2.python MVS示例

（说明：MVS里有很多python示例，可以直接运行，但没有用opencv）

下载完MVS后，我们打开路径安装路径

我的：

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\BasicDemo

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\MvImport

可以看到有很多现成的示例。

我们借用一下"D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\BasicDemo\BasicDemo.py"

创建 python项目test_HKcamera

复制BasicDemo.py

发现一片红，

我们把

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\BasicDemo

D:\soft\MVS\MVS\Development\Samples\Python\MvImport

里面的文件都复制过来

复制后，如图所示：

运行后：

成功输出画面。

3. python opencv 调用

创建test_HKcamera_opencv文件夹

创建test_hk_opecv.py文件

把第二节的文件复制进来

如图：

test_hk_opecv.py完整代码如下：

import cv2
import numpy as np
from MvCameraControl_class import *
from CameraParams_header import *#-------------------opencv操作部分--------------------------------------
def opencv_action(img):#自己定义操作result_img = imgreturn result_img#-----------------------海康相机设置部分---------------------------------------ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_Initialize()
if ret != 0:print(f"初始化SDK失败，错误码: {ret}")exit()# 枚举设备
deviceList = MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO_LIST()
n_layer_type = MV_GIGE_DEVICE | MV_USB_DEVICE | MV_GENTL_CAMERALINK_DEVICE
ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_EnumDevices(n_layer_type, deviceList)
if ret != 0:print("枚举设备失败")exit()print(f"找到 {deviceList.nDeviceNum} 台设备")
if deviceList.nDeviceNum == 0:exit()stDeviceList = cast(deviceList.pDeviceInfo[0], POINTER(MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)).contentscamera = MvCamera()ret = camera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(stDeviceList)# 打开设备（使用已创建的句柄）
ret = camera.MV_CC_OpenDevice()
if ret != 0:print(f"打开设备失败，错误码: {ret}")exit()# 获取相机参数
width = c_uint()
height = c_uint()
pixel_format = c_uint()
payload_size = c_uint()
stParam = MVCC_INTVALUE()ret = camera.MV_CC_GetIntValue("PayloadSize", stParam)
if ret != 0:print(f"获取PayloadSize失败，错误码: {ret}")exit()
payload_size.value = stParam.nCurValue# 获取宽度
ret = camera.MV_CC_GetIntValue("Width", stParam)
if ret != 0:print(f"获取宽度失败，错误码: {ret}")exit()
width.value = stParam.nCurValue# 获取高度
ret = camera.MV_CC_GetIntValue("Height", stParam)
if ret != 0:print(f"获取高度失败，错误码: {ret}")exit()
height.value = stParam.nCurValueprint(width.value,height.value)pixel_format.value = 17301505  # RGB8
# 或
#pixel_format.value = 17301514  # Mono8#曝光时间
exposure_time = 15000  # 单位：微秒
ret = camera.MV_CC_SetFloatValue("ExposureTime", exposure_time)# 开始抓图
ret = camera.MV_CC_StartGrabbing()
if ret != 0:print(f"开始抓图失败，错误码: {ret}")exit()# 分配缓冲区
data_buf = (c_ubyte * payload_size.value)()
data_size = c_uint(payload_size.value)stFrameInfo = MV_FRAME_OUT_INFO_EX()#-----------------------------------------------运行部分---------------------------# 创建OpenCV窗口
cv2.namedWindow("Camera", cv2.WINDOW_NORMAL)try:while True:data_buf = (c_ubyte * payload_size.value)()ret = camera.MV_CC_GetOneFrameTimeout(byref(data_buf),payload_size.value,stFrameInfo,1000)if ret == 0:#print(f"获取到帧: 宽度={stFrameInfo.nWidth}, 高度={stFrameInfo.nHeight}, "f"像素格式={stFrameInfo.enPixelType}, 帧大小={stFrameInfo.nFrameLen}")frame = np.frombuffer(data_buf, dtype=np.uint8)actual_width = stFrameInfo.nWidthactual_height = stFrameInfo.nHeightif stFrameInfo.enPixelType == 17301505:  # RGB8expected_size = actual_width * actual_height * 3if len(frame) != expected_size:print(f"数据大小不匹配: 期望 {expected_size}, 实际 {len(frame)}")continueframe = frame.reshape((actual_height, actual_width, 3))frame = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)elif stFrameInfo.enPixelType == 17301514:  # Mono8expected_size = actual_width * actual_heightif len(frame) != expected_size:print(f"数据大小不匹配: 期望 {expected_size}, 实际 {len(frame)}")continueframe = frame.reshape((actual_height, actual_width))elif stFrameInfo.enPixelType == 17301513:  # 可能是 Bayer 格式expected_size = actual_width * actual_heightif len(frame) != expected_size:print(f"数据大小不匹配: 期望 {expected_size}, 实际 {len(frame)}")continueframe = frame.reshape((actual_height, actual_width))frame = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BayerGB2BGR)frame = opencv_action(frame)else:print(f"不支持的像素格式: {stFrameInfo.enPixelType}")breakcv2.imshow("Camera", frame)if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord("q"):breakelse:print(f"获取图像失败，错误码: {ret}")breakfinally:# 停止抓图camera.MV_CC_StopGrabbing()# 关闭设备camera.MV_CC_CloseDevice()# 销毁句柄camera.MV_CC_DestroyHandle()# 销毁窗口cv2.destroyAllWindows()

完整代码如下：

通过网盘分享的文件：py_opencv_HK
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1DmrVSV1LT9zGBCRx3nIKAQ

提取码: usii

4.花絮

不知道哪个教程教的=-=

# 创建设备句柄handle = c_void_p()stDeviceList = cast(deviceList.pDeviceInfo[0], POINTER(MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)).contents# 创建相机实例并调用方法（关键修正点）
camera = MvCamera()  # 实例化 MvCamera 类#方法一：
ret = camera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(stDeviceList)
#报错：TypeError: MvCamera.MV_CC_GetIntValue() takes 3 positional arguments but 4 were given#方法二：
#ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(byref(handle), stDeviceList)
#报错AttributeError: '_ctypes.CArgObject' object has no attribute 'handle'#方法三：
#ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle(byref(stDeviceList))
#报错TypeError: MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle() missing 1 required positional argument: 'stDevInfo'#方法四：
#ret = camera.MV_CC_OpenDevice(byref(handle),byref(stDeviceList))
#报错TypeError: MvCamera.MV_CC_CreateHandle() missing 1 required positional argument: 'stDevInfo'# 打开设备（使用已创建的句柄）
ret = MvCamera.MV_CC_OpenDevice(handle)
if ret != 0:print(f"打开设备失败，错误码: {ret}")exit()

创建

handle = c_void_p()

就疯狂报错。