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Qt 子类重新实现父类的槽函数

news 2025/8/8 6:27:23

在重写槽函数时发现没有被调用(后来发现重写错了类，应该是重写类a,结果写的类b,测试时，只测试到了a)，于是写了测试代码验证。

#ifndef PARENTSLOT_H
#define PARENTSLOT_H#include <QObject>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QThread>
class parentSlot:public QObject
{Q_OBJECT
public:parentSlot(QObject*p = nullptr){
//        connect(this,&parentSlot::signalTest,this,&parentSlot::slotTest,Qt::QueuedConnection);
//        connect(this,&parentSlot::signalTest,this,&parentSlot::slotTest,Qt::BlockingQueuedConnection);connect(this,SIGNAL(signalTest()),this,SLOT(slotTest()));
//        connect(this,SIGNAL(signalTest()),this,SLOT(slotTest()),Qt::QueuedConnection);emit signalTest();
//        slotTest();}
signals:void signalTest();void signal2();
public slots:virtual void slotTest(){QThread::sleep(3);qDebug() << " this is parent slotTest ";
//        emit signal2();}
};
class childSlot:public parentSlot
{Q_OBJECT
public:childSlot(QObject*p = nullptr):parentSlot(p){connect(this,&childSlot::signal2,this,&childSlot::slotChildTest);
//        emit signalTest();}
public slots:void slotTest(){qDebug() << " this is child slotTest start";parentSlot::slotTest();qDebug() << " this is child slotTest end";emit signal2();}void slotChildTest(){qDebug() << " this is child slotChildTest ";}
};
#endif // PARENTSLOT_H

这里在父类中关联了信号槽，也触发了信号，结果就是只调用到了父类的槽函数实现。因为信号接受和发送者是在同一个线程中，关联信号默认是Qt::AutoConnection，立即调用槽函数。

如果改成connect(this,SIGNAL(signalTest()),this,SLOT(slotTest()),Qt::QueuedConnection);这样就可以调用子类实现，如果信号关联和触发都在基类中，则只有用Qt::QueuedConnection才能调用子类实现

如果信号signalTest是在子类构造中触发，则可以直接调用子类实现

如果信号在其他地方emit触发，也是可以直接调用子类实现

parentSlot(QObject*p = nullptr)
{ connect(this,&parentSlot::signalTest,this,&parentSlot::slotTest,Qt::BlockingQueuedConnection);
qDebug() << QThread::currentThreadId() << " parentSlot," << QThread::currentThread(); emit signalTest();

}

在main.cpp里

QThread thread;
qDebug() << "thread " << thread.thread();
qDebug() << "currentThread " << QThread::currentThread()->currentThreadId();

childSlot t;
t.moveToThread(&thread);
thread.start();

qDebug() << "end";

结果报错死锁了

thread QThread(0xbfff90)
currentThread 0x7fc83a6f4740
0x7fc83a6f4740 parentSlot, QThread(0xbfff90)
Qt: Dead lock detected while activating a BlockingQueuedConnection: Sender is parentSlot(0x7fffdaad3160), receiver is parentSlot(0x7fffdaad3160)

这里childSlot t;在主线程里构造，信号也是在构造函数中触发的，但实际确是认定信号是在子线程里触发，槽函数也是在子线程里，用了Qt::BlockingQueuedConnection，信号发起的线程要阻塞等槽的执行结束，就死锁了

parentSlot(QObject*p = nullptr)
{

// connect(this,SIGNAL(signalTest()),this,SLOT(slotTest()));
connect(this,SIGNAL(signalTest()),this,SLOT(slotTest()),Qt::QueuedConnection);
qDebug() << QThread::currentThreadId() << " parentSlot," << QThread::currentThread();
}

main.cpp

QThread thread;
qDebug() << "thread " << thread.thread();
qDebug() << "currentThread " << QThread::currentThread()->currentThreadId();

childSlot t;
t.moveToThread(&thread);
thread.start();
QMetaObject::invokeMethod(&t, "slotTest", Qt::BlockingQueuedConnection); // 主线程调用了子线程里的槽函数，且阻塞等待槽函数执行结束才执行下面语句
qDebug() << "end";

结果是

thread QThread(0x1078f90)
currentThread 0x7f2a9f1cd740
0x7f2a9f1cd740 parentSlot, QThread(0x1078f90)
this is child slotTest start
0x7f2a9a5c2700 , QThread(0x7ffc4d70c9c0)
this is parent slotTest
this is child slotTest end
this is child slotChildTest
end

如果QMetaObject::invokeMethod(&t, "slotTest", Qt::QueuedConnection);

则结果就是主线程调用了子线程里的槽函数，且继续执行下面语句，槽函数则在子线程里待事件循环空闲得以调用

thread QThread(0x2603f90)
currentThread 0x7f43b5aac740
0x7f43b5aac740 parentSlot, QThread(0x2603f90)
end
this is child slotTest start
0x7f43b0ea1700 , QThread(0x7ffcbc114600)
this is parent slotTest
this is child slotTest end
this is child slotChildTest

Qt::AutoConnection 信号发起者和信号接受者在同一个线程就是Qt::DirectConnection立即调用，不在一个线程就是Qt::QueuedConnection，待接受者的线程事件循环空闲调用

Qt::DirectConnection 信号的发起者线程里立即调用

Qt::QueuedConnection 待接受者的线程事件循环空闲调用

Qt::BlockingQueuedConnection 信号发起的线程会阻塞等待槽函数执行完才能继续，所以得是不同的线程才行，不然就会死锁

Qt::UniqueConnection 与上面的用 | 结合使用，确保不再重复连接

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