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C#和微软System.Speech.Synthesis库实现语音合成

news 2025/9/23 9:08:55

一、基础语音合成示例

using System;
using System.Speech.Synthesis;class Program
{static void Main(){using (SpeechSynthesizer synth = new SpeechSynthesizer()){// 1. 选择语音（需系统已安装对应语音包）synth.SelectVoice("Microsoft Zira Desktop"); // 中文语音// synth.SelectVoice("Microsoft David Desktop"); // 英文语音// 2. 设置语音属性synth.Rate = 0;    // 语速（-10到10，默认5）synth.Volume = 90; // 音量（0-100）// 3. 同步朗读文本synth.Speak("您好，欢迎使用微软语音合成技术！");// 4. 异步朗读（不阻塞主线程）synth.SpeakAsync("正在异步播放语音...");Console.WriteLine("异步朗读已启动...");}}
}

二、高级功能实现

2.1 使用SSML控制语音效果

public string GenerateSsml(string text)
{return $@"<speak version='1.0' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis' xml:lang='zh-CN'><voice name='Microsoft Zira Desktop'><prosody pitch='+10%' rate='fast'><emphasis level='strong'>重要通知：</emphasis>{text}</prosody></voice></speak>";
}// 使用示例
synth.SpeakSsml(GenerateSsml("系统检测到异常操作！"));

2.2 语音文件保存

public void SaveToWav(string text, string filePath)
{using (SpeechSynthesizer synth = new SpeechSynthesizer()){// 设置音频格式SpeechAudioFormatInfo format = new SpeechAudioFormatInfo(22050, // 采样率AudioBitsPerSample.Sixteen, // 16位AudioChannel.Mono); // 单声道// 保存到文件synth.SetOutputToWaveFile(filePath, format);synth.Speak(text);synth.SetOutputToNull(); // 释放资源}
}// 使用示例
SaveToWav("请检查设备连接状态！", "output.wav");

三、完整功能类封装

public class VoiceAssistant
{private readonly SpeechSynthesizer _synth;public VoiceAssistant(){_synth = new SpeechSynthesizer();InitializeVoices();}private void InitializeVoices(){// 获取系统所有语音var voices = _synth.GetInstalledVoices();foreach (var voice in voices){Console.WriteLine($"可用语音: {voice.VoiceInfo.Name} [{voice.VoiceInfo.Language}]");}}public void Configure(VoiceGender gender = VoiceGender.Neutral, VoiceAge age = VoiceAge.Adult,int rate = 0,int volume = 100){_synth.SelectVoiceByHints(gender, age);_synth.Rate = rate;_synth.Volume = volume;}public void Speak(string text){try{_synth.Speak(text);}catch (Exception ex){Console.WriteLine($"语音合成失败: {ex.Message}");}}public void Shutdown(){_synth.Dispose();}
}// 使用示例
var assistant = new VoiceAssistant();
assistant.Configure(VoiceGender.Female, VoiceAge.Adult, rate: -2);
assistant.Speak("正在为您查询天气情况...");

四、异常处理与资源管理

public class SafeTtsService : IDisposable
{private SpeechSynthesizer _synth;private bool _disposed = false;public SafeTtsService(){try{_synth = new SpeechSynthesizer();}catch (PlatformNotSupportedException){throw new InvalidOperationException("当前系统不支持语音合成功能");}}public void Dispose(){Dispose(true);GC.SuppressFinalize(this);}protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing){if (!_disposed){if (disposing){_synth?.Dispose();}_disposed = true;}}
}

五、关键配置说明

语音引擎安装
- Windows 10/11 默认包含中文语音包（如Microsoft Huihui、Microsoft Zira）
- 如需更多语音，可通过微软商店安装"Microsoft Speech Language Pack"
SSML支持
- 支持语调控制(<prosody>)、强调(<emphasis>)、静默(<break>)
- 示例：<break time='500ms'/> 添加0.5秒停顿

性能优化

// 启用异步处理避免界面卡顿
private async Task AsyncSpeak(string text)
{await Task.Run(() => _synth.Speak(text));
}

参考项目 C# 语音合成例子源码（TTS微软库） www.youwenfan.com/contentcsh/57531.html

六、完整项目结构

- VoiceApp.sln├─ VoiceCore/              # 核心逻辑│   ├─ TtsService.cs       # 语音服务类│   └─ VoiceConfig.cs      # 配置管理├─ Models/                # 数据模型│   └─ VoiceSettings.cs    # 语音参数配置└─ Views/                 # 用户界面└─ MainForm.xaml       # 控制面板

七、部署注意事项

目标系统要求
- Windows 10 1809 或更高版本
- .NET Framework 4.7.2+
- 安装语音合成引擎（通过控制面板 > 语音识别 > 安装语音包）

安装包配置

<!-- app.manifest -->
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
<compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1"><application><!-- 支持高DPI显示 --><supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/></application>
</compatibility>