Python下载实战技巧的技术文章大纲

检查网络连接状态

使用Python的socket模块可以快速检查网络是否连通。以下代码尝试连接Google的DNS服务器（8.8.8.8）来判断网络状态：

import socketdef check_internet(host="8.8.8.8", port=53, timeout=3):try:socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM).connect((host, port))return Trueexcept Exception as ex:print(f"No internet connection: {ex}")return Falseif check_internet():print("Network is active")
else:print("No network connection")

获取当前网络配置

在Windows系统上，可以通过ipconfig命令获取网络配置。使用Python的subprocess模块调用系统命令：

import subprocessdef get_network_config():try:result = subprocess.run(["ipconfig", "/all"], capture_output=True, text=True,check=True)print(result.stdout)except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:print(f"Error getting network config: {e.stderr}")get_network_config()

重置网络适配器

在Windows系统中重置网络适配器的完整方案：

import osdef reset_network_adapters():commands = ["netsh winsock reset","netsh int ip reset","ipconfig /release","ipconfig /renew","ipconfig /flushdns"]for cmd in commands:try:print(f"Executing: {cmd}")os.system(cmd)except Exception as e:print(f"Error executing {cmd}: {e}")reset_network_adapters()

检查特定端口连通性

测试特定主机和端口的网络连通性：

import socket
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutordef test_port(host, port):with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:s.settimeout(2)try:s.connect((host, port))return f"Port {port} is open"except:return f"Port {port} is closed"def scan_ports(host, ports):with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=10) as executor:results = executor.map(test_port, [host]*len(ports), ports)for result in results:print(result)scan_ports("example.com", [80, 443, 22, 3389])

网络速度测试

使用speedtest-cli库进行网络速度测试：

import speedtestdef run_speed_test():st = speedtest.Speedtest()st.get_best_server()download = st.download() / 1_000_000  # Convert to Mbpsupload = st.upload() / 1_000_000      # Convert to Mbpsprint(f"Download Speed: {download:.2f} Mbps")print(f"Upload Speed: {upload:.2f} Mbps")print(f"Ping: {st.results.ping} ms")run_speed_test()

网络流量监控

使用psutil库监控网络流量：

import psutil
import timedef monitor_network(duration=60, interval=1):start = time.time()initial = psutil.net_io_counters()while time.time() - start < duration:time.sleep(interval)current = psutil.net_io_counters()sent = (current.bytes_sent - initial.bytes_sent) / 1_000_000  # MBrecv = (current.bytes_recv - initial.bytes_recv) / 1_000_000  # MBprint(f"Upload: {sent:.2f} MB | Download: {recv:.2f} MB")initial = currentmonitor_network(duration=10)

网络故障排除日志

创建完整的网络诊断日志：

import datetime
import platform
import subprocessdef create_network_log():timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")filename = f"network_diagnostic_{timestamp}.log"with open(filename, "w") as f:f.write(f"=== System Information ===\n")f.write(f"OS: {platform.system()} {platform.release()}\n")f.write(f"Python: {platform.python_version()}\n\n")f.write("=== Network Configuration ===\n")try:ipconfig = subprocess.run(["ipconfig", "/all"], capture_output=True, text=True)f.write(ipconfig.stdout + "\n")except Exception as e:f.write(f"Error getting ipconfig: {str(e)}\n")f.write("\n=== Connection Tests ===\n")test_commands = [("Ping Google", "ping 8.8.8.8 -n 4"),("Traceroute Google", "tracert 8.8.8.8"),("NSLookup Google", "nslookup google.com")]for name, cmd in test_commands:f.write(f"\n{name}:\n")try:result = subprocess.run(cmd.split(), capture_output=True, text=True)f.write(result.stdout)if result.stderr:f.write(f"Error: {result.stderr}\n")except Exception as e:f.write(f"Error executing {cmd}: {str(e)}\n")print(f"Diagnostic log created: {filename}")create_network_log()