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redisson功能完整指南

news 2025/9/4 14:58:46

Redisson功能完整指南

目录

  1. 分布式锁和同步工具
  2. 分布式数据结构
  3. 原子操作和计数器
  4. 分布式对象和缓存
  5. 消息和发布订阅
  6. 高级数据结构
  7. 分布式服务
  8. 事务和批处理
  9. 地理空间数据
  10. 时间序列数据

一、分布式锁和同步工具

1.1 RLock（可重入分布式锁）

@Service
public class InventoryService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public boolean reduceInventory(String productId, int quantity) {RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock("inventory:lock:" + productId);try {// 尝试获取锁，最多等待10秒，锁30秒后自动释放if (lock.tryLock(10, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {// 执行库存扣减逻辑int currentInventory = getCurrentInventory(productId);if (currentInventory >= quantity) {updateInventory(productId, currentInventory - quantity);return true;}return false;}} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {if (lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {lock.unlock();}}return false;}
}

1.2 RReadWriteLock（分布式读写锁）

@Service
public class DocumentService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;// 读操作 - 多个线程可以同时读public String readDocument(String documentId) {RReadWriteLock rwLock = redissonClient.getReadWriteLock("document:lock:" + documentId);RLock readLock = rwLock.readLock();try {if (readLock.tryLock(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {// 多个读操作可以并发执行return performDocumentRead(documentId);}} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {if (readLock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {readLock.unlock();}}return null;}// 写操作 - 独占锁，写时不允许读public boolean updateDocument(String documentId, String content) {RReadWriteLock rwLock = redissonClient.getReadWriteLock("document:lock:" + documentId);RLock writeLock = rwLock.writeLock();try {if (writeLock.tryLock(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {// 写操作是独占的，执行时会阻塞所有读写操作performDocumentWrite(documentId, content);return true;}} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {if (writeLock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {writeLock.unlock();}}return false;}
}

1.3 RFairLock（公平分布式锁）

@Service
public class TicketBookingService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;// 公平锁确保按照请求顺序获取锁，避免线程饥饿public boolean bookTicket(String eventId, String userId) {RFairLock fairLock = redissonClient.getFairLock("ticket:booking:" + eventId);try {// 公平锁会按照请求的时间顺序分配锁if (fairLock.tryLock(30, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {// 检查票务余量int availableTickets = getAvailableTickets(eventId);if (availableTickets > 0) {// 预订票务reserveTicket(eventId, userId);updateAvailableTickets(eventId, availableTickets - 1);return true;}return false;}} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {if (fairLock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {fairLock.unlock();}}return false;}
}

1.4 RSemaphore（分布式信号量）

@Service
public class DownloadService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public boolean downloadFile(String fileId) {RSemaphore semaphore = redissonClient.getSemaphore("download:limit");semaphore.trySetPermits(5); // 最多允许5个并发下载try {if (semaphore.tryAcquire(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {try {// 执行文件下载逻辑performDownload(fileId);return true;} finally {semaphore.release();}}return false;} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();return false;}}
}

二、分布式数据结构

2.1 RMap（分布式Map）

@Service
public class UserSessionService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void saveUserSession(String userId, UserSession session) {RMap<String, UserSession> sessionMap = redissonClient.getMap("user:sessions");sessionMap.put(userId, session);sessionMap.expire(Duration.ofHours(2)); // 2小时过期}public UserSession getUserSession(String userId) {RMap<String, UserSession> sessionMap = redissonClient.getMap("user:sessions");return sessionMap.get(userId);}public void removeUserSession(String userId) {RMap<String, UserSession> sessionMap = redissonClient.getMap("user:sessions");sessionMap.remove(userId);}
}

2.2 RQueue（分布式队列）

@Service
public class OrderProcessingService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;// 生产者：添加订单到队列public void submitOrder(Order order) {RQueue<Order> orderQueue = redissonClient.getQueue("orders:processing");orderQueue.offer(order);}// 消费者：处理订单队列@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 1000)public void processOrders() {RQueue<Order> orderQueue = redissonClient.getQueue("orders:processing");Order order = orderQueue.poll();if (order != null) {processOrder(order);}}
}

2.3 RDelayedQueue（延时队列）

@Service
public class DelayedNotificationService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void scheduleNotification(String message, int delayMinutes) {RQueue<String> destinationQueue = redissonClient.getQueue("notifications:destination");RDelayedQueue<String> delayedQueue = redissonClient.getDelayedQueue(destinationQueue);// 延时指定分钟后发送通知delayedQueue.offer(message, delayMinutes, TimeUnit.MINUTES);}@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)public void processNotifications() {RQueue<String> destinationQueue = redissonClient.getQueue("notifications:destination");String message = destinationQueue.poll();if (message != null) {sendNotification(message);}}
}

三、原子操作和计数器

3.1 RAtomicLong（原子长整型）

@Service
public class StatisticsService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public long incrementPageViews(String pageId) {RAtomicLong pageViews = redissonClient.getAtomicLong("page:views:" + pageId);return pageViews.incrementAndGet();}public long getPageViews(String pageId) {RAtomicLong pageViews = redissonClient.getAtomicLong("page:views:" + pageId);return pageViews.get();}public void resetPageViews(String pageId) {RAtomicLong pageViews = redissonClient.getAtomicLong("page:views:" + pageId);pageViews.set(0);}
}

3.2 RLongAdder（长整型累加器）

@Service
public class HighConcurrencyCounterService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void incrementCounter(String eventType) {RLongAdder counter = redissonClient.getLongAdder("events:" + eventType);counter.increment();}public long getEventCount(String eventType) {RLongAdder counter = redissonClient.getLongAdder("events:" + eventType);return counter.sum();}
}

四、分布式对象和缓存

4.1 RBucket（分布式对象桶）

@Service
public class ConfigurationService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void saveConfig(String key, Object config) {RBucket<Object> bucket = redissonClient.getBucket("config:" + key);bucket.set(config, Duration.ofDays(1)); // 1天过期}@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public <T> T getConfig(String key, Class<T> type) {RBucket<T> bucket = redissonClient.getBucket("config:" + key);return bucket.get();}public boolean configExists(String key) {RBucket<Object> bucket = redissonClient.getBucket("config:" + key);return bucket.isExists();}
}

4.2 RMapCache（带过期时间的Map）

@Service
public class TokenService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void storeToken(String userId, String token, Duration expiry) {RMapCache<String, String> tokenCache = redissonClient.getMapCache("user:tokens");tokenCache.put(userId, token, expiry.toMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);}public String getToken(String userId) {RMapCache<String, String> tokenCache = redissonClient.getMapCache("user:tokens");return tokenCache.get(userId);}public void invalidateToken(String userId) {RMapCache<String, String> tokenCache = redissonClient.getMapCache("user:tokens");tokenCache.remove(userId);}
}

五、消息和发布订阅

5.1 RTopic（主题发布订阅）

@Service
public class EventPublisher {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void publishEvent(String eventType, Object eventData) {RTopic topic = redissonClient.getTopic("events:" + eventType);topic.publish(eventData);}
}@Component
public class EventSubscriber {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;@PostConstructpublic void subscribeToEvents() {RTopic topic = redissonClient.getTopic("events:user");topic.addListener(String.class, (channel, message) -> {System.out.println("收到用户事件: " + message);handleUserEvent(message);});}
}

六、高级数据结构

6.1 RBloomFilter（布隆过滤器）

@Service
public class DuplicateCheckService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;@PostConstructpublic void initBloomFilter() {RBloomFilter<String> bloomFilter = redissonClient.getBloomFilter("duplicate:check");// 初始化布隆过滤器：预期插入100万个元素，错误率0.03bloomFilter.tryInit(1000000L, 0.03);}public boolean mightContain(String item) {RBloomFilter<String> bloomFilter = redissonClient.getBloomFilter("duplicate:check");return bloomFilter.contains(item);}public void addItem(String item) {RBloomFilter<String> bloomFilter = redissonClient.getBloomFilter("duplicate:check");bloomFilter.add(item);}
}

6.2 RRateLimiter（分布式限流器）

@Service
public class ApiRateLimiter {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public boolean isAllowed(String apiKey) {RRateLimiter rateLimiter = redissonClient.getRateLimiter("api:limit:" + apiKey);// 设置每秒最多10个请求rateLimiter.trySetRate(RateType.OVERALL, 10, 1, RateIntervalUnit.SECONDS);// 尝试获取1个许可return rateLimiter.tryAcquire(1);}
}

Redisson功能总结表

分布式锁类型对比

锁类型特点适用场景
RLock可重入、支持超时一般业务操作
RReadWriteLock读写分离读多写少场景
RFairLock公平获取锁避免线程饥饿
RMultiLock同时锁定多个资源防止死锁的资源操作
RRedLock高安全性关键业务操作
RSpinLock减少线程切换短时间持有的操作
RFencedLock版本控制需要检测锁有效性

数据结构特点

  • RMap: 分布式HashMap，支持过期时间
  • RQueue: 分布式队列，支持阻塞操作
  • RDelayedQueue: 延时队列，适用于定时任务
  • RAtomicLong: 原子计数器，支持高并发
  • RBloomFilter: 布隆过滤器，快速去重检测
  • RRateLimiter: 限流器，API限流控制
  • RGeo: 地理位置数据，支持距离计算
  • RTimeSeries: 时间序列数据，适用于监控指标

最佳实践建议

  1. 选择合适的锁类型：根据业务场景选择最适合的锁
  2. 设置合理的超时时间：避免死锁和长时间等待
  3. 正确释放资源：使用try-finally确保锁被释放
  4. 监控性能指标：关注锁的竞争情况和持有时间
  5. 合理使用缓存：根据数据访问模式选择缓存策略

七、分布式服务

7.1 RExecutorService（分布式执行器）

@Service
public class DistributedTaskService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void executeDistributedTask() {RExecutorService executor = redissonClient.getExecutorService("distributed:tasks");// 提交任务到分布式执行器executor.submit(() -> {System.out.println("执行分布式任务: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());// 执行实际的业务逻辑performBusinessLogic();return "任务完成";});}
}

八、事务和批处理

8.1 RBatch（批处理操作）

@Service
public class BatchOperationService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void batchUpdateUsers(List<User> users) {RBatch batch = redissonClient.createBatch();for (User user : users) {RMapAsync<String, User> userMapAsync = batch.getMap("users");userMapAsync.putAsync(user.getId(), user);RAtomicLongAsync counterAsync = batch.getAtomicLong("user:count");counterAsync.incrementAndGetAsync();}// 批量执行所有操作BatchResult<?> result = batch.execute();System.out.println("批处理完成，操作数: " + result.getResponses().size());}
}

九、地理空间数据

9.1 RGeo（地理空间数据结构）

@Service
public class LocationService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void addLocation(String locationId, double longitude, double latitude) {RGeo<String> geo = redissonClient.getGeo("locations");geo.add(longitude, latitude, locationId);}public List<String> findNearbyLocations(double longitude, double latitude, double radius) {RGeo<String> geo = redissonClient.getGeo("locations");return geo.radius(longitude, latitude, radius, GeoUnit.KILOMETERS);}public Double getDistance(String location1, String location2) {RGeo<String> geo = redissonClient.getGeo("locations");return geo.dist(location1, location2, GeoUnit.KILOMETERS);}
}

十、时间序列数据

10.1 RTimeSeries（时间序列）

@Service
public class MetricsService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;public void recordMetric(String metricName, double value) {RTimeSeries<String, Double> timeSeries = redissonClient.getTimeSeries(metricName);timeSeries.add(System.currentTimeMillis(), value);}public Map<Long, Double> getMetricRange(String metricName, long fromTime, long toTime) {RTimeSeries<String, Double> timeSeries = redissonClient.getTimeSeries(metricName);return timeSeries.range(fromTime, toTime);}
}

高级锁特性示例

锁的高级特性

@Service
public class AdvancedLockService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;// 展示锁的高级特性：可重入、超时、异步等public void demonstrateAdvancedFeatures(String resourceId) {RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock("advanced:lock:" + resourceId);try {// 1. 检查锁状态boolean isLocked = lock.isLocked();boolean isHeldByCurrentThread = lock.isHeldByCurrentThread();// 2. 获取锁信息long remainTimeToLive = lock.remainTimeToLive();// 3. 尝试获取锁并设置自动续期if (lock.tryLock(10, 300, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {// 4. 锁的可重入特性recursiveOperation(resourceId, 3);}} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {// 6. 安全释放锁if (lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {lock.unlock();}}}// 递归操作展示锁的可重入性private void recursiveOperation(String resourceId, int depth) {if (depth <= 0) return;RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock("advanced:lock:" + resourceId);try {// 同一线程可以多次获取同一个锁（可重入）if (lock.tryLock(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {System.out.println("递归深度: " + depth + ", 持有计数: " + lock.getHoldCount());// 执行一些操作Thread.sleep(100);// 递归调用recursiveOperation(resourceId, depth - 1);}} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {if (lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {lock.unlock();}}}
}

CMS系统综合应用示例

页面管理综合服务

@Service
public class EnhancedPageManagementService {@Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient;// 综合页面管理：使用多种Redisson功能public void managePageLifecycle(Long pageId) {// 1. 使用分布式锁确保操作原子性RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock("page:manage:" + pageId);try {if (lock.tryLock(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {// 2. 增加页面处理计数RAtomicLong processCount = redissonClient.getAtomicLong("page:process:count");processCount.incrementAndGet();// 3. 更新页面状态到活跃集合RSet<Long> activePages = redissonClient.getSet("pages:active");activePages.add(pageId);// 4. 缓存页面配置RMapCache<String, Object> configCache = redissonClient.getMapCache("page:config");configCache.put("page:" + pageId, getPageConfig(pageId), Duration.ofHours(1));// 5. 发布页面变更事件RTopic statusTopic = redissonClient.getTopic("page:lifecycle:events");statusTopic.publish(Map.of("pageId", pageId, "action", "managed"));// 6. 添加到处理队列RQueue<Long> processQueue = redissonClient.getQueue("pages:process:queue");processQueue.offer(pageId);}} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {if (lock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {lock.unlock();}}}
}
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