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环境搭建-dockerfile构建镜像时apt软件包出现exit100错误+ pip下载python库时下载过慢的解决方法

news 2025/8/21 18:40:54

报错

ERROR: failed to solve: process "/bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install -y \tgit\tvim\tcmake\tlibsm6\tlibxext6\tlibxrender-dev\tlibgl1-mesa-glx\tlocales\tbuild-essential\tzlib1g-dev\tlibssl-dev\tlibbz2-dev\tlibreadline-dev\tlibsqlite3-dev\tlibhdf5-dev\tlibncursesw5-dev\tlibgdbm-dev\tliblzma-dev\tlibdb-dev\tlibffi-dev\tuuid-dev\ttk-dev&& apt-get clean&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*" did not complete successfully: exit code: 100

还有docker中pip下载太慢的问题，这里不详细展开

错误原因

docker构建时机器可能无法访问 apt-get 需要连接的服务器来下载软件包列表。这可能是由于网络连接问题、DNS 解析问题或代理设置不正确导致的。

解决方法

在dockerfile中加入更换软件源的操作

更换apt的软件源
更换pip的软件源

FROM nvcr.io/nvidia/tensorrt:21.06-py3MAINTAINER shuhei.tarashima@ntt.com
LABEL OBJECT="Dockerfile for Widely Applicable Strong Baseline for Sports Ball Detection and Tracking [BMVC2023]"
ARG http_proxy
ARG https_proxy
ENV http_proxy ${http_proxy}
ENV https_proxy ${https_proxy}
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive# 替换 apt 软件源为阿里云镜像，以提高下载成功率
# Replace apt software sources with Aliyun mirrors to improve download success rate
RUN sed -i 's/http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com/http:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list \&& sed -i 's/http:\/\/security.ubuntu.com/http:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.listRUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \apt-utils \apt-transport-https \ca-certificates \software-properties-common \
&& apt-get clean \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \git \vim \cmake \libsm6 \libxext6 \libxrender-dev \libgl1-mesa-glx \locales \build-essential \zlib1g-dev \libssl-dev \libbz2-dev \libreadline-dev \libsqlite3-dev \libhdf5-dev \libncursesw5-dev \libgdbm-dev \liblzma-dev \libdb-dev \libffi-dev \uuid-dev \tk-dev \
&& apt-get clean \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*ENV LANG en_US.UTF-8
ENV LANGUAGE en_US:en
ENV LC_ALL en_US.UTF-8
RUN locale-gen en_US.UTF-8# 替换 pip 软件源为清华大学镜像，并保留 PyTorch 官方源
# Replace pip sources with Tsinghua mirror while keeping the official PyTorch source
RUN pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple \numpy==1.22.4 torch==1.11.0+cu113 torchvision==0.12.0+cu113 \--extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113RUN pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple \hydra-core==1.2.0 tqdm==4.64.0 opencv-python==4.6.0.66 scikit-learn==1.1.1 scikit-image==0.19.3 pandas==1.3.5 einops==0.4.1 timm==0.6.5 matplotlib==3.5.2 \--extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113COPY src /root/src
WORKDIR /root/src

sed -i: 这个命令会直接修改容器中的 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件。
s/.../.../g: 这是 sed 的替换规则。它会把文件中所有匹配到的 Ubuntu 官方源地址 http://archive.ubuntu.com 和 http://security.ubuntu.com 全局替换成阿里云的镜像源 http://mirrors.aliyun.com。

至于pip怎么换的源，我是直接追加了镜像地址

# 替换 pip 软件源为清华大学镜像，并保留 PyTorch 官方源
# Replace pip sources with Tsinghua mirror while keeping the official PyTorch source
RUN pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple \numpy==1.22.4 torch==1.11.0+cu113 torchvision==0.12.0+cu113 \--extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113RUN pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple \hydra-core==1.2.0 tqdm==4.64.0 opencv-python==4.6.0.66 scikit-learn==1.1.1 scikit-image==0.19.3 pandas==1.3.5 einops==0.4.1 timm==0.6.5 matplotlib==3.5.2 \--extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu113