Ubuntu系统下快速体验iperf3工具（网络性能测试）
一、参考资料
在 openwrt 启动 iperf3 服务端做网速测试 - CrazyMing
二、快速体验iperf3
一文搞懂iperf：网络性能测试的秘密武器
iperf3 是一种网络性能测试工具，用于测量网络的吞吐量。
安装iperf3详细步骤请参考博客：Ubuntu系统下交叉编译iperf3-CSDN博客
1. 启动iperf3服务端
由于iperf3工具基于客户端（client）和服务器（server）的工作模式，在测试之前应启动iperf3服务端。
| 参数 | 说明 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
-s | 以服务端模式运行 | iperf3 -s |
-p <端口> | 指定监听端口（默认 5201） | iperf3 -s -p 6000 |
-D | 以守护进程（后台）模式运行 | iperf3 -s -D |
-B <IP> | 绑定到特定网络接口的 IP | iperf3 -s -B 192.168.1.100 |
-i <秒> | 输出报告间隔时间 | iperf3 -s -i 5 |
-L <日志文件> | 记录日志到指定文件 | iperf3 -s -L server.log |
-1 | 单次测试后自动退出 | iperf3 -s -1 |
--json | 输出 JSON 格式结果（iperf3） | iperf3 -s --json |
-u | 强制使用 UDP 协议（需与客户端配合） | iperf3 -s -u |
-6 | 启用 IPv6 监听 | iperf3 -s -6 |
-V | 启用兼容模式（iperf2 兼容） | iperf3 -s -V |
-K | 启用 TCP 快速打开（Fast Open） | iperf3 -s -K |
2. 启动iperf3客户端（TCP模式）
使用 iperf3 -c 命令来启动iperf3客户端，并链接到服务器。
基础参数
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
-c <服务器IP> | 必填，指定 iperf3 服务端 IP 地址（如 -c 192.168.1.100）。 |
-p <端口> | 指定服务端监听的端口（默认 5201）。 |
-t <秒> | 测试持续时间（默认 10 秒，建议长时间测试用 -t 60）。 |
-i <秒> | 指定报告间隔（秒）。 |
-f <K/M/G> | 指定显示带宽的单位（K、M、G 等）。 |
-b <带宽> | 限制客户端的带宽（例如 -b 200M 限制为 200 Mbps）。 |
-n <数据总量> | 指定测试数据的总量（例如 -n 500M 指定为500MB）。 |
-l <数据包大小> | 设置数据包长度（默认为 1470 Byte） |
-w <窗口大小> | 设置 TCP 窗口大小（如 -w 1M 表示 1MB，需结合网络延迟优化）。 |
-P <并发数> | 创建多个 并行 TCP 连接（如 -P 4，但 iperf3 需多实例模拟多线程）。 |
-R | 反向模式（服务端发送数据，客户端接收，用于测试上行/下行带宽）。 |
-O <秒> | 设置 warmup 时间（跳过前 N 秒的数据统计，如 -O 2 忽略前 2 秒）。 |
-J / --json | 以JSON格式输出结果（便于脚本解析）。 |
--logfile <文件> | 将结果输出到日志文件（如 --logfile result.txt）。 |
-B <本地IP> | 绑定客户端到指定本地 IP 或网卡（多网卡环境专用）。 |
高级调优参数
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
-M <MSS> | 设置 TCP 最大报文段大小（默认根据 MTU 自动计算）。 |
-N | 禁用 Nagle 算法（减少小包延迟，适合低延迟场景）。 |
-Z / --zerocopy | 启用零拷贝模式（减少 CPU 占用，需内核支持）。 |
-C <拥塞控制算法> | 指定 TCP 拥塞控制算法（如 -C cubic 或 -C bbr）。 |
2.1 基础测试（默认参数）
测试 10 秒的 TCP 带宽，使用默认窗口大小。
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 44558 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 7.39 MBytes 61.9 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 6.90 MBytes 57.9 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 6.77 MBytes 56.8 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 7.21 MBytes 60.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 6.96 MBytes 58.3 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 6.96 MBytes 58.4 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 7.02 MBytes 58.9 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 7.08 MBytes 59.4 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 7.15 MBytes 59.9 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 6.90 MBytes 57.8 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 70.3 MBytes 59.0 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 69.8 MBytes 58.6 Mbits/sec receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 44546
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 44558
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 6.45 MBytes 54.1 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 6.97 MBytes 58.5 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 6.96 MBytes 58.3 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 7.06 MBytes 59.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 6.98 MBytes 58.5 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 6.97 MBytes 58.5 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 6.94 MBytes 58.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 7.06 MBytes 59.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 7.06 MBytes 59.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 7.07 MBytes 59.3 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 10.00-10.05 sec 324 KBytes 58.4 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-10.05 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.05 sec 69.8 MBytes 58.3 Mbits/sec receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
解释说明
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
这行信息表明客户端正在尝试连接到指定 IP 地址（192.168.33.1）和端口（5201）的服务器。
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 44558 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
连接已成功建立。[ 5] 是该连接的标识符，local 192.168.33.32 port 44558 表示客户端本地的 IP 地址和端口，connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201 表示成功连接到服务器的 IP 地址和端口。
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 7.39 MBytes 61.9 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ ID]：连接的标识符，用于区分不同的连接或流。Interval：表示统计的时间间隔，这里是从测试开始的0.00秒到1.00秒。Transfer：在该时间间隔内传输的数据量。Bandwidth：该时间间隔内的传输速率，单位为Mbits/sec（兆比特每秒）。Retr：每个线程和汇总的 TCP 重传数据包数量，用于评估网络的性能和稳定性。
2.2 长时间测试+大窗口
测试 10 秒，窗口大小设为 100KB（适合高延迟网络）。
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -t 10 -w 100KB
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -t 10 -w 100KB
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 47076 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 6.70 MBytes 56.2 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 6.93 MBytes 58.1 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 6.83 MBytes 57.3 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 6.85 MBytes 57.5 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 6.78 MBytes 56.9 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 6.80 MBytes 57.0 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 6.93 MBytes 58.2 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 6.69 MBytes 56.1 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 6.88 MBytes 57.7 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
[ 5] 9.00-10.47 sec 5.25 MBytes 30.0 Mbits/sec 0 141 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.47 sec 66.6 MBytes 53.4 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.47 sec 66.6 MBytes 53.4 Mbits/sec receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 47060
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 47076
[ 1807.087111] RTW: send eapol packet - WPA Group Key 1/2
[ 1807.107409] RTW: recv eapol packet - WPA Group Key 2/2
[ 1807.107910] RTW: set group key camid:0, addr:9a:03:cf:b5:cb:90, kid:2, type:AES
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 6.36 MBytes 53.3 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 6.88 MBytes 57.7 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 6.91 MBytes 58.0 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 6.86 MBytes 57.5 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 6.82 MBytes 57.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 6.83 MBytes 57.3 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 6.82 MBytes 57.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 6.80 MBytes 57.1 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 6.71 MBytes 56.3 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 5.52 MBytes 46.3 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 10.00-10.50 sec 98.6 KBytes 1.62 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-10.50 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.50 sec 66.6 MBytes 53.2 Mbits/sec receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
2.3 反向模式测试（服务端到客户端）
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -R
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -R
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
Reverse mode, remote host 192.168.33.1 is sending
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 50130 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 5.62 MBytes 47.1 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 5.56 MBytes 46.7 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 5.50 MBytes 46.1 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 5.60 MBytes 47.0 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 5.61 MBytes 47.1 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 5.58 MBytes 46.8 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 5.50 MBytes 46.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 5.67 MBytes 47.6 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 5.65 MBytes 47.4 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 5.66 MBytes 47.5 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 56.2 MBytes 47.2 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 56.0 MBytes 47.0 Mbits/sec receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 50118
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 50130
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 5.77 MBytes 48.4 Mbits/sec 0 495 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 5.58 MBytes 46.8 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 5.42 MBytes 45.5 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 5.59 MBytes 46.9 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 5.76 MBytes 48.3 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 5.38 MBytes 45.1 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 5.72 MBytes 48.0 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 5.65 MBytes 47.4 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 5.53 MBytes 46.4 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 5.65 MBytes 47.4 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
[ 5] 10.00-10.03 sec 191 KBytes 54.3 Mbits/sec 0 550 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.03 sec 56.2 MBytes 47.0 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.03 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
2.4 多连接并发测试
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -P 4
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -P 4
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 42346 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ 7] local 192.168.33.32 port 42362 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ 9] local 192.168.33.32 port 42368 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ 11] local 192.168.33.32 port 42380 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 2.29 MBytes 19.2 Mbits/sec 0 156 KBytes
[ 7] 0.00-1.00 sec 2.47 MBytes 20.7 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 0.00-1.00 sec 2.76 MBytes 23.1 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 0.00-1.00 sec 2.06 MBytes 17.3 Mbits/sec 0 146 KBytes
[SUM] 0.00-1.00 sec 9.59 MBytes 80.3 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.7 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.7 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.80 MBytes 15.1 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 1.00-2.00 sec 7.02 MBytes 58.9 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 2.00-3.00 sec 6.71 MBytes 56.3 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 3.00-4.00 sec 7.08 MBytes 59.4 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 4.00-5.00 sec 6.34 MBytes 53.2 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 5.00-6.00 sec 7.08 MBytes 59.4 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 6.00-7.00 sec 7.08 MBytes 59.5 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 7.00-8.00 sec 6.34 MBytes 53.1 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 8.00-9.00 sec 7.08 MBytes 59.4 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 167 KBytes
[ 7] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 9] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.86 MBytes 15.6 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[ 11] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.49 MBytes 12.5 Mbits/sec 0 165 KBytes
[SUM] 9.00-10.00 sec 6.34 MBytes 53.2 Mbits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 17.6 MBytes 14.7 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 17.0 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec receiver
[ 7] 0.00-10.00 sec 17.8 MBytes 14.9 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 7] 0.00-10.00 sec 17.2 MBytes 14.5 Mbits/sec receiver
[ 9] 0.00-10.00 sec 18.0 MBytes 15.1 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 9] 0.00-10.00 sec 17.4 MBytes 14.6 Mbits/sec receiver
[ 11] 0.00-10.00 sec 17.3 MBytes 14.5 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 11] 0.00-10.00 sec 16.8 MBytes 14.1 Mbits/sec receiver
[SUM] 0.00-10.00 sec 70.7 MBytes 59.3 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[SUM] 0.00-10.00 sec 68.4 MBytes 57.4 Mbits/sec receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 42340
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 42346
[ 7] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 42362
[ 9] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 42368
[ 11] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 42380
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.55 MBytes 13.0 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.82 MBytes 15.3 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.99 MBytes 16.7 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.45 MBytes 12.2 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 0.00-1.00 sec 6.82 MBytes 57.2 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.69 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.69 MBytes 14.1 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.69 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.66 MBytes 13.9 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 1.00-2.00 sec 6.73 MBytes 56.4 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.71 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.71 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.69 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 2.00-3.00 sec 6.81 MBytes 57.1 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.72 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.71 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 3.00-4.00 sec 6.83 MBytes 57.3 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.69 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.68 MBytes 14.1 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.68 MBytes 14.1 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.69 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 4.00-5.00 sec 6.74 MBytes 56.6 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.72 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.71 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 5.00-6.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 5.00-6.00 sec 6.82 MBytes 57.2 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.72 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.72 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.72 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 6.00-7.00 sec 1.71 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 6.00-7.00 sec 6.87 MBytes 57.6 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.67 MBytes 14.0 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.67 MBytes 14.0 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.66 MBytes 13.9 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 7.00-8.00 sec 1.66 MBytes 13.9 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 7.00-8.00 sec 6.65 MBytes 55.8 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.71 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 8.00-9.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 8.00-9.00 sec 6.81 MBytes 57.1 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.71 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.70 MBytes 14.3 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.69 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 9.00-10.00 sec 6.80 MBytes 57.1 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ 5] 10.00-10.08 sec 144 KBytes 15.1 Mbits/sec
[ 7] 10.00-10.08 sec 139 KBytes 14.5 Mbits/sec
[ 9] 10.00-10.08 sec 124 KBytes 13.0 Mbits/sec
[ 11] 10.00-10.08 sec 136 KBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec
[SUM] 10.00-10.08 sec 543 KBytes 56.9 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-10.08 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.08 sec 17.0 MBytes 14.2 Mbits/sec receiver
[ 7] 0.00-10.08 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[ 7] 0.00-10.08 sec 17.2 MBytes 14.4 Mbits/sec receiver
[ 9] 0.00-10.08 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[ 9] 0.00-10.08 sec 17.4 MBytes 14.5 Mbits/sec receiver
[ 11] 0.00-10.08 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[ 11] 0.00-10.08 sec 16.8 MBytes 14.0 Mbits/sec receiver
[SUM] 0.00-10.08 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[SUM] 0.00-10.08 sec 68.4 MBytes 56.9 Mbits/sec receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
2.5 绑定本地网卡+JSON输出
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -B 192.168.33.32 --json
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -B 192.168.33.32 --json
{"start": {"connected": [{"socket": 5,"local_host": "192.168.33.32","local_port": 38929,"remote_host": "192.168.33.1","remote_port": 5201}],"version": "iperf 3.7","system_info": "Linux ubuntu 5.15.0-127-generic #137~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Nov 15 14:46:54 UTC 2024 x86_64","timestamp": {"time": "Fri, 07 Mar 2025 08:25:12 GMT","timesecs": 1741335912},"connecting_to": {"host": "192.168.33.1","port": 5201},"cookie": "cacdolyx3zqp4g23imznntfjrwnfcn5kuaea","tcp_mss_default": 1448,"sock_bufsize": 0,"sndbuf_actual": 16384,"rcvbuf_actual": 131072,"test_start": {"protocol": "TCP","num_streams": 1,"blksize": 131072,"omit": 0,"duration": 10,"bytes": 0,"blocks": 0,"reverse": 0,"tos": 0}},"intervals": [{"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 0,"end": 1.000917,"seconds": 1.0009169578552246,"bytes": 7681640,"bits_per_second": 61396821.702054478,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 19162,"rttvar": 4737,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 0,"end": 1.000917,"seconds": 1.0009169578552246,"bytes": 7681640,"bits_per_second": 61396821.702054478,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 1.000917,"end": 2.0001,"seconds": 0.99918299913406372,"bytes": 7297920,"bits_per_second": 58431098.257874288,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 23765,"rttvar": 904,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 1.000917,"end": 2.0001,"seconds": 0.99918299913406372,"bytes": 7297920,"bits_per_second": 58431098.257874288,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 2.0001,"end": 3.000746,"seconds": 1.0006459951400757,"bytes": 7167600,"bits_per_second": 57303782.035297245,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 18039,"rttvar": 2825,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 2.0001,"end": 3.000746,"seconds": 1.0006459951400757,"bytes": 7167600,"bits_per_second": 57303782.035297245,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 3.000746,"end": 4.000225,"seconds": 0.99947899580001831,"bytes": 7232760,"bits_per_second": 57892242.101281121,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 18355,"rttvar": 921,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 3.000746,"end": 4.000225,"seconds": 0.99947899580001831,"bytes": 7232760,"bits_per_second": 57892242.101281121,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 4.000225,"end": 5.000468,"seconds": 1.0002429485321045,"bytes": 7623720,"bits_per_second": 60974946.226319164,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 14811,"rttvar": 4217,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 4.000225,"end": 5.000468,"seconds": 1.0002429485321045,"bytes": 7623720,"bits_per_second": 60974946.226319164,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 5.000468,"end": 6.000275,"seconds": 0.99980700016021729,"bytes": 7102440,"bits_per_second": 56830488.275131874,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 15805,"rttvar": 4878,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 5.000468,"end": 6.000275,"seconds": 0.99980700016021729,"bytes": 7102440,"bits_per_second": 56830488.275131874,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 6.000275,"end": 7.000953,"seconds": 1.0006779432296753,"bytes": 6906960,"bits_per_second": 55218245.164536156,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 14148,"rttvar": 2077,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 6.000275,"end": 7.000953,"seconds": 1.0006779432296753,"bytes": 6906960,"bits_per_second": 55218245.164536156,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 7.000953,"end": 8.001069,"seconds": 1.0001159906387329,"bytes": 7297920,"bits_per_second": 58376588.86217083,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 16196,"rttvar": 4093,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 7.000953,"end": 8.001069,"seconds": 1.0001159906387329,"bytes": 7297920,"bits_per_second": 58376588.86217083,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 8.001069,"end": 9.000902,"seconds": 0.99983298778533936,"bytes": 7167600,"bits_per_second": 57350378.213677093,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 24556,"rttvar": 3826,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 8.001069,"end": 9.000902,"seconds": 0.99983298778533936,"bytes": 7167600,"bits_per_second": 57350378.213677093,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 9.000902,"end": 10.000237,"seconds": 0.999334990978241,"bytes": 7428240,"bits_per_second": 59465465.070755146,"retransmits": 0,"snd_cwnd": 169416,"rtt": 14706,"rttvar": 4834,"pmtu": 1500,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 9.000902,"end": 10.000237,"seconds": 0.999334990978241,"bytes": 7428240,"bits_per_second": 59465465.070755146,"retransmits": 0,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}],"end": {"streams": [{"sender": {"socket": 5,"start": 0,"end": 10.000237,"seconds": 10.000237,"bytes": 72906800,"bits_per_second": 58324057.71983204,"retransmits": 0,"max_snd_cwnd": 169416,"max_rtt": 24556,"min_rtt": 14148,"mean_rtt": 17954,"sender": true},"receiver": {"socket": 5,"start": 0,"end": 10.000237,"seconds": 10.000237,"bytes": 72163976,"bits_per_second": 57729812.6034413,"sender": true}}],"sum_sent": {"start": 0,"end": 10.000237,"seconds": 10.000237,"bytes": 72906800,"bits_per_second": 58324057.71983204,"retransmits": 0,"sender": true},"sum_received": {"start": 0,"end": 10.000237,"seconds": 10.000237,"bytes": 72163976,"bits_per_second": 57729812.6034413,"sender": true},"cpu_utilization_percent": {"host_total": 1.2980239879591693,"host_user": 0,"host_system": 1.298014040805413,"remote_total": 1.393921,"remote_user": 0.192229,"remote_system": 1.201686},"sender_tcp_congestion": "cubic"}
}
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 56183
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 38929
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 6.46 MBytes 54.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 6.85 MBytes 57.4 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 6.93 MBytes 58.2 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 6.97 MBytes 58.5 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 6.96 MBytes 58.4 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 6.85 MBytes 57.4 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 6.76 MBytes 56.7 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 6.99 MBytes 58.6 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 6.90 MBytes 57.9 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 6.84 MBytes 57.4 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 10.00-10.05 sec 322 KBytes 57.8 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 5] 0.00-10.05 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.05 sec 68.8 MBytes 57.5 Mbits/sec receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
3. 启动iperf3客户端（UDP模式）
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
-u | 启动UDP模式 |
其他参数与TCP模式一致。
3.1 基础测试（默认参数）
基本 UDP 测试（默认带宽 1 Mbps）。
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 48231 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 91
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 91
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 90
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 91
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 90
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 91
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 90
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 91
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 90
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 91
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/906 (0%) sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.25 MBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 0.966 ms 0/906 (0%) receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 52598
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 48231
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 122 KBytes 996 Kbits/sec 254195.098 ms 0/86 (0%)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 716.354 ms 0/91 (0%)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 3.403 ms 0/90 (0%)
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 1.341 ms 0/91 (0%)
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 1.079 ms 0/90 (0%)
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 1.065 ms 0/91 (0%)
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 1.258 ms 0/90 (0%)
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 0.483 ms 0/91 (0%)
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 127 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 1.027 ms 0/90 (0%)
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 129 KBytes 1.05 Mbits/sec 0.991 ms 0/91 (0%)
[ 5] 10.00-10.06 sec 7.07 KBytes 1.04 Mbits/sec 0.966 ms 0/5 (0%)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-10.06 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec 0.966 ms 0/906 (0%)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
3.2 长时间测试+限制带宽
限制带宽为 50Mbps，测试 20 秒。
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 100M -t 20
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 100M -t 20
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 59710 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 99.9 Mbits/sec 8627
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8632
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8632
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8635
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8631
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 99.9 Mbits/sec 8632
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8637
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 99.9 Mbits/sec 8631
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8627
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8635
[ 5] 10.00-11.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8639
[ 5] 11.00-12.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8627
[ 5] 12.00-13.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8637
[ 5] 13.00-14.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8633
[ 5] 14.00-15.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8629
[ 5] 15.00-16.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8634
[ 5] 16.00-17.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 99.9 Mbits/sec 8630
[ 5] 17.00-18.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8639
[ 5] 18.00-19.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 99.9 Mbits/sec 8626
[ 5] 19.00-20.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 8637
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-20.00 sec 238 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/172650 (0%) sender
[ 5] 0.00-20.00 sec 238 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 0.253 ms 0/172647 (0%) receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 58258
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 59710
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 7.06 MBytes 59.2 Mbits/sec 0.252 ms 0/5109 (0%)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 7.02 MBytes 58.9 Mbits/sec 0.200 ms 0/5087 (0%)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 7.32 MBytes 61.4 Mbits/sec 0.406 ms 0/5300 (0%)
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 7.16 MBytes 60.1 Mbits/sec 0.244 ms 0/5187 (0%)
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 7.20 MBytes 60.4 Mbits/sec 0.319 ms 0/5211 (0%)
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 7.49 MBytes 62.8 Mbits/sec 0.150 ms 0/5422 (0%)
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 7.30 MBytes 61.2 Mbits/sec 0.123 ms 0/5286 (0%)
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 7.20 MBytes 60.4 Mbits/sec 0.294 ms 0/5213 (0%)
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 7.18 MBytes 60.2 Mbits/sec 0.205 ms 0/5200 (0%)
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 7.46 MBytes 62.6 Mbits/sec 0.164 ms 0/5401 (0%)
[ 5] 10.00-11.00 sec 7.26 MBytes 60.8 Mbits/sec 0.288 ms 0/5257 (0%)
[ 5] 11.00-12.00 sec 7.37 MBytes 61.9 Mbits/sec 0.303 ms 0/5340 (0%)
[ 5] 12.00-13.00 sec 7.20 MBytes 60.4 Mbits/sec 0.217 ms 0/5216 (0%)
[ 5] 13.00-14.00 sec 7.10 MBytes 59.6 Mbits/sec 0.195 ms 0/5144 (0%)
[ 5] 14.00-15.00 sec 7.15 MBytes 60.0 Mbits/sec 0.226 ms 0/5181 (0%)
[ 5] 15.00-16.00 sec 6.45 MBytes 54.1 Mbits/sec 0.334 ms 0/4669 (0%)
[ 5] 16.00-17.00 sec 7.46 MBytes 62.6 Mbits/sec 0.230 ms 0/5401 (0%)
[ 5] 17.00-18.00 sec 6.88 MBytes 57.7 Mbits/sec 0.221 ms 0/4979 (0%)
[ 5] 18.00-19.00 sec 7.41 MBytes 62.1 Mbits/sec 0.208 ms 0/5365 (0%)
[ 5] 19.00-20.00 sec 7.09 MBytes 59.5 Mbits/sec 0.316 ms 0/5135 (0%)
[ 5] 20.00-21.00 sec 7.30 MBytes 61.2 Mbits/sec 0.221 ms 0/5283 (0%)
[ 5] 21.00-22.00 sec 7.32 MBytes 61.4 Mbits/sec 0.291 ms 0/5304 (0%)
[ 5] 22.00-23.00 sec 7.38 MBytes 61.9 Mbits/sec 0.217 ms 0/5346 (0%)
[ 5] 23.00-24.00 sec 7.54 MBytes 63.2 Mbits/sec 0.211 ms 0/5460 (0%)
[ 5] 24.00-25.00 sec 7.39 MBytes 62.0 Mbits/sec 0.211 ms 0/5349 (0%)
[ 5] 25.00-26.00 sec 7.45 MBytes 62.5 Mbits/sec 0.215 ms 0/5397 (0%)
[ 5] 26.00-27.00 sec 7.43 MBytes 62.4 Mbits/sec 0.212 ms 0/5383 (0%)
[ 5] 27.00-28.00 sec 7.50 MBytes 62.9 Mbits/sec 0.256 ms 0/5432 (0%)
[ 5] 28.00-29.00 sec 7.40 MBytes 62.1 Mbits/sec 0.177 ms 0/5359 (0%)
[ 5] 29.00-30.00 sec 7.50 MBytes 62.9 Mbits/sec 0.244 ms 0/5430 (0%)
[ 5] 30.00-31.00 sec 7.63 MBytes 64.0 Mbits/sec 0.175 ms 0/5523 (0%)
[ 5] 31.00-32.00 sec 7.45 MBytes 62.5 Mbits/sec 0.242 ms 0/5393 (0%)
[ 5] 32.00-32.74 sec 5.36 MBytes 60.7 Mbits/sec 0.253 ms 0/3885 (0%)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-32.74 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec 0.253 ms 0/172647 (0%)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
3.3 指定带宽大小
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 200M
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 200M
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 60743 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17253
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17271
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17266
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17266
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17266
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17268
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17262
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 23.8 MBytes 200 Mbits/sec 17250
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 2.58 MBytes 21.6 Mbits/sec 1869
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 193 MBytes 162 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/139971 (0%) sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 193 MBytes 162 Mbits/sec 0.261 ms 0/139923 (0%) receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 36808
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 60743
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 7.15 MBytes 60.0 Mbits/sec 0.154 ms 0/5177 (0%)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 7.23 MBytes 60.7 Mbits/sec 0.285 ms 0/5237 (0%)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 7.28 MBytes 61.1 Mbits/sec 0.169 ms 0/5272 (0%)
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 7.43 MBytes 62.3 Mbits/sec 0.151 ms 0/5377 (0%)
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 7.20 MBytes 60.4 Mbits/sec 0.168 ms 0/5215 (0%)
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 7.21 MBytes 60.5 Mbits/sec 0.185 ms 0/5219 (0%)
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 7.39 MBytes 62.0 Mbits/sec 0.193 ms 0/5351 (0%)
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 7.39 MBytes 62.0 Mbits/sec 0.134 ms 0/5353 (0%)
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 7.44 MBytes 62.4 Mbits/sec 0.157 ms 0/5391 (0%)
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 7.44 MBytes 62.4 Mbits/sec 0.185 ms 0/5386 (0%)
[ 5] 10.00-11.00 sec 7.43 MBytes 62.3 Mbits/sec 0.155 ms 0/5378 (0%)
[ 5] 11.00-12.00 sec 7.40 MBytes 62.1 Mbits/sec 0.128 ms 0/5359 (0%)
[ 5] 12.00-13.00 sec 7.30 MBytes 61.2 Mbits/sec 0.232 ms 0/5287 (0%)
[ 5] 13.00-14.00 sec 7.48 MBytes 62.8 Mbits/sec 0.199 ms 0/5419 (0%)
[ 5] 14.00-15.00 sec 7.33 MBytes 61.5 Mbits/sec 0.200 ms 0/5309 (0%)
[ 5] 15.00-16.00 sec 7.40 MBytes 62.1 Mbits/sec 0.203 ms 0/5357 (0%)
[ 5] 16.00-17.00 sec 7.28 MBytes 61.1 Mbits/sec 0.175 ms 0/5274 (0%)
[ 5] 17.00-18.00 sec 7.23 MBytes 60.7 Mbits/sec 0.127 ms 0/5239 (0%)
[ 5] 18.00-19.00 sec 7.46 MBytes 62.6 Mbits/sec 0.178 ms 0/5402 (0%)
[ 5] 19.00-20.00 sec 7.46 MBytes 62.6 Mbits/sec 0.157 ms 0/5405 (0%)
[ 5] 20.00-21.00 sec 7.43 MBytes 62.4 Mbits/sec 0.160 ms 0/5383 (0%)
[ 5] 21.00-22.00 sec 7.40 MBytes 62.0 Mbits/sec 0.164 ms 0/5356 (0%)
[ 5] 22.00-23.00 sec 7.33 MBytes 61.5 Mbits/sec 0.253 ms 0/5305 (0%)
[ 5] 23.00-24.00 sec 7.57 MBytes 63.5 Mbits/sec 0.238 ms 0/5485 (0%)
[ 5] 24.00-25.00 sec 7.40 MBytes 62.1 Mbits/sec 0.234 ms 0/5359 (0%)
[ 5] 25.00-26.00 sec 7.26 MBytes 60.9 Mbits/sec 0.216 ms 0/5256 (0%)
[ 5] 26.00-26.26 sec 1.89 MBytes 61.7 Mbits/sec 0.261 ms 0/1372 (0%)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-26.26 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec 0.261 ms 0/139923 (0%)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
3.4 指定传输包大小
指定带宽 100Mbps，包大小 1200 Bytes。
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 100M -l 1200
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 100M -l 1200
Connecting to host 192.168.33.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.33.32 port 59747 connected to 192.168.33.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 99.9 Mbits/sec 10404
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10423
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10413
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10422
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10412
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10420
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10420
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 99.9 Mbits/sec 10409
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10421
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 11.9 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 10418
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 119 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/104162 (0%) sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 119 MBytes 100 Mbits/sec 0.167 ms 0/104158 (0%) receiveriperf Done.
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 51382
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 59747
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 6.81 MBytes 57.2 Mbits/sec 0.130 ms 0/5954 (0%)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 7.23 MBytes 60.7 Mbits/sec 0.296 ms 0/6322 (0%)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 7.34 MBytes 61.6 Mbits/sec 0.199 ms 0/6414 (0%)
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 7.02 MBytes 58.9 Mbits/sec 0.197 ms 0/6133 (0%)
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 7.30 MBytes 61.2 Mbits/sec 0.202 ms 0/6377 (0%)
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 7.25 MBytes 60.9 Mbits/sec 0.189 ms 0/6339 (0%)
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 7.31 MBytes 61.3 Mbits/sec 0.162 ms 0/6388 (0%)
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 7.32 MBytes 61.4 Mbits/sec 0.189 ms 0/6396 (0%)
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 7.30 MBytes 61.2 Mbits/sec 0.186 ms 0/6380 (0%)
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 7.41 MBytes 62.2 Mbits/sec 0.175 ms 0/6478 (0%)
[ 5] 10.00-11.00 sec 7.22 MBytes 60.6 Mbits/sec 0.188 ms 0/6310 (0%)
[ 5] 11.00-12.00 sec 7.37 MBytes 61.8 Mbits/sec 0.204 ms 0/6441 (0%)
[ 5] 12.00-13.00 sec 7.28 MBytes 61.1 Mbits/sec 0.184 ms 0/6363 (0%)
[ 5] 13.00-14.00 sec 7.29 MBytes 61.1 Mbits/sec 0.188 ms 0/6366 (0%)
[ 5] 14.00-15.00 sec 7.28 MBytes 61.1 Mbits/sec 0.153 ms 0/6361 (0%)
[ 5] 15.00-16.00 sec 7.26 MBytes 60.9 Mbits/sec 0.192 ms 0/6342 (0%)
[ 5] 16.00-16.45 sec 3.20 MBytes 60.1 Mbits/sec 0.167 ms 0/2794 (0%)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-16.45 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec 0.167 ms 0/104158 (0%)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
3.5 显示抖动（jitter）和丢包率
iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 100M --json
客户端输出示例：
yoyo@yoyo:~/360Downloads/iperf-3.18$ iperf3 -c 192.168.33.1 -u -b 100M --json
{"start": {"connected": [{"socket": 5,"local_host": "192.168.33.32","local_port": 46474,"remote_host": "192.168.33.1","remote_port": 5201}],"version": "iperf 3.7","system_info": "Linux ubuntu 5.15.0-127-generic #137~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Nov 15 14:46:54 UTC 2024 x86_64","timestamp": {"time": "Fri, 07 Mar 2025 09:09:26 GMT","timesecs": 1741338566},"connecting_to": {"host": "192.168.33.1","port": 5201},"cookie": "xfmy6xsuautcobc7addl5htinbdys2ne4t5l","sock_bufsize": 0,"sndbuf_actual": 212992,"rcvbuf_actual": 212992,"test_start": {"protocol": "UDP","num_streams": 1,"blksize": 1448,"omit": 0,"duration": 10,"bytes": 0,"blocks": 0,"reverse": 0,"tos": 0}},"intervals": [{"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 0,"end": 1.000053,"seconds": 1.00005304813385,"bytes": 12489000,"bits_per_second": 99906700.135998666,"packets": 8625,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 0,"end": 1.000053,"seconds": 1.00005304813385,"bytes": 12489000,"bits_per_second": 99906700.135998666,"packets": 8625,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 1.000053,"end": 2.000048,"seconds": 0.99999499320983887,"bytes": 12506376,"bits_per_second": 100051508.93691055,"packets": 8637,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 1.000053,"end": 2.000048,"seconds": 0.99999499320983887,"bytes": 12506376,"bits_per_second": 100051508.93691055,"packets": 8637,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 2.000048,"end": 3.000007,"seconds": 0.99995899200439453,"bytes": 12494792,"bits_per_second": 99962435.259105816,"packets": 8629,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 2.000048,"end": 3.000007,"seconds": 0.99995899200439453,"bytes": 12494792,"bits_per_second": 99962435.259105816,"packets": 8629,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 3.000007,"end": 4.00001,"seconds": 1.0000029802322388,"bytes": 12502032,"bits_per_second": 100015957.92921779,"packets": 8634,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 3.000007,"end": 4.00001,"seconds": 1.0000029802322388,"bytes": 12502032,"bits_per_second": 100015957.92921779,"packets": 8634,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 4.00001,"end": 5.000007,"seconds": 0.99999701976776123,"bytes": 12500584,"bits_per_second": 100004970.03803575,"packets": 8633,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 4.00001,"end": 5.000007,"seconds": 0.99999701976776123,"bytes": 12500584,"bits_per_second": 100004970.03803575,"packets": 8633,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 5.000007,"end": 6.000171,"seconds": 1.0001640319824219,"bytes": 12503480,"bits_per_second": 100011434.92606422,"packets": 8635,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 5.000007,"end": 6.000171,"seconds": 1.0001640319824219,"bytes": 12503480,"bits_per_second": 100011434.92606422,"packets": 8635,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 6.000171,"end": 7.000442,"seconds": 1.0002709627151489,"bytes": 12503480,"bits_per_second": 100000743.52701701,"packets": 8635,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 6.000171,"end": 7.000442,"seconds": 1.0002709627151489,"bytes": 12503480,"bits_per_second": 100000743.52701701,"packets": 8635,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 7.000442,"end": 8.000018,"seconds": 0.99957597255706787,"bytes": 12490448,"bits_per_second": 99965972.315621212,"packets": 8626,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 7.000442,"end": 8.000018,"seconds": 0.99957597255706787,"bytes": 12490448,"bits_per_second": 99965972.315621212,"packets": 8626,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 8.000018,"end": 9.000039,"seconds": 1.0000209808349609,"bytes": 12502032,"bits_per_second": 100014157.61946523,"packets": 8634,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 8.000018,"end": 9.000039,"seconds": 1.0000209808349609,"bytes": 12502032,"bits_per_second": 100014157.61946523,"packets": 8634,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}, {"streams": [{"socket": 5,"start": 9.000039,"end": 10.00081,"seconds": 1.0007710456848145,"bytes": 12503480,"bits_per_second": 99950773.387485713,"packets": 8635,"omitted": false,"sender": true}],"sum": {"start": 9.000039,"end": 10.00081,"seconds": 1.0007710456848145,"bytes": 12503480,"bits_per_second": 99950773.387485713,"packets": 8635,"omitted": false,"sender": true}}],"end": {"streams": [{"udp": {"socket": 5,"start": 0,"end": 10.00081,"seconds": 10.00081,"bytes": 124995704,"bits_per_second": 99988464.134405121,"jitter_ms": 0.27399999999999997,"lost_packets": 0,"packets": 86323,"lost_percent": 0,"out_of_order": 0,"sender": true}}],"sum": {"start": 0,"end": 10.00081,"seconds": 10.00081,"bytes": 124995704,"bits_per_second": 99988464.134405121,"jitter_ms": 0.27399999999999997,"lost_packets": 0,"packets": 86323,"lost_percent": 0,"sender": true},"cpu_utilization_percent": {"host_total": 26.108550002461911,"host_user": 0.18748343181817051,"host_system": 25.921066570643742,"remote_total": 5.867906,"remote_user": 0.42318,"remote_system": 5.44472}}
}
服务端输出示例：
Accepted connection from 192.168.33.32, port 47688
[ 5] local 192.168.33.1 port 5201 connected to 192.168.33.32 port 46474
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 7.11 MBytes 59.6 Mbits/sec 0.234 ms 0/5148 (0%)
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 7.50 MBytes 62.9 Mbits/sec 0.197 ms 0/5429 (0%)
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 7.59 MBytes 63.7 Mbits/sec 0.267 ms 0/5495 (0%)
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 7.50 MBytes 62.9 Mbits/sec 0.209 ms 0/5428 (0%)
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 7.50 MBytes 62.9 Mbits/sec 0.242 ms 0/5429 (0%)
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 7.30 MBytes 61.2 Mbits/sec 0.230 ms 0/5284 (0%)
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 7.16 MBytes 60.1 Mbits/sec 0.191 ms 0/5185 (0%)
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 7.29 MBytes 61.2 Mbits/sec 0.396 ms 0/5279 (0%)
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 7.31 MBytes 61.3 Mbits/sec 0.332 ms 0/5294 (0%)
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 7.52 MBytes 63.1 Mbits/sec 0.237 ms 0/5446 (0%)
[ 5] 10.00-11.00 sec 7.44 MBytes 62.4 Mbits/sec 0.157 ms 0/5390 (0%)
[ 5] 11.00-12.00 sec 7.44 MBytes 62.4 Mbits/sec 0.222 ms 0/5388 (0%)
[ 5] 12.00-13.00 sec 7.43 MBytes 62.4 Mbits/sec 0.195 ms 0/5383 (0%)
[ 5] 13.00-14.00 sec 7.41 MBytes 62.2 Mbits/sec 0.271 ms 0/5368 (0%)
[ 5] 14.00-15.00 sec 7.39 MBytes 62.0 Mbits/sec 0.274 ms 0/5352 (0%)
[ 5] 15.00-16.00 sec 7.46 MBytes 62.6 Mbits/sec 0.233 ms 0/5403 (0%)
[ 5] 16.00-16.12 sec 874 KBytes 61.3 Mbits/sec 0.274 ms 0/618 (0%)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 5] 0.00-16.12 sec 0.00 Bytes 0.00 bits/sec 0.274 ms 0/86319 (0%)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
解释说明
Jitter：抖动，指数据包到达时间的变化量，单位为毫秒（ms）。SUM行的抖动是所有线程抖动情况的综合体现。Lost/Total Datagrams：丢失的数据包数量与发送的总数据包数量的信息，格式为 “丢失数 / 总数 (丢失率)”。SUM行显示所有线程的汇总丢包情况
4. 分离iperf3进程
iperf3 默认会绑定到当前终端会话，当 iperf3 在后台运行时占用了串口终端的输入/输出资源，导致终端无法响应输入。后台进程未完全与终端分离，导致会话控制冲突。有以下几种解决方法：
方法 1：使用 nohup 完全分离进程 (推荐)
nohup iperf3 -s > /dev/null 2>&1 &
解释说明：
nohup：使进程忽略挂断信号> /dev/null：丢弃标准输出2>&1：将错误输出重定向到标准输出&：后台运行
方法 2：使用 disown 移除作业关联
iperf3 -s > /dev/null 2>&1 &
disown
运行后立即执行：
disown %1 # %1 是作业号，可通过 jobs 命令查看
方法 3：使用 screen 或 tmux 创建独立会话
# 安装 screen (如未安装)
sudo apt install screen# 创建新会话
screen -S iperf_session# 在新会话中运行
iperf3 -s# 按 Ctrl+A 然后按 D 分离会话
# 随时恢复：screen -r iperf_session
方法 4：重定向到日志文件
iperf3 -s > ~/iperf.log 2>&1 &
恢复被锁定的终端
尝试挂起进程：
Ctrl+Z # 挂起当前进程
bg # 移至后台
disown # 解除关联
强制终止进程：
# 查找 iperf3 进程
pgrep iperf3# 强制终止
sudo kill -9 <PID>
重置终端：
reset # 或输入 stty sane
三、FAQ
Q：iperf3终端会话被占用，通过串口无法进入终端
解决方法：确保 iperf3 完全脱离终端控制，释放串口资源供终端使用。
# 1. 使用 `nohup` 完全分离进程 (推荐)
nohup iperf3 -s > /dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null &# 2. 或者重定向到空设备
iperf3 -s > /dev/null 2>&1 </dev/null &
解释说明：
nohup：使进程忽略挂断信号</dev/null：断开标准输入>/dev/null：断开标准输出2>&1：将错误输出重定向到标准输出&：后台运行