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SpringBoot-数据访问之Druid

news 2025/10/24 12:31:08

Druid数据源

1. 官方地址

GitHub：https://github.com/alibaba/druid
中文文档：常见问题 · alibaba/druid Wiki · GitHub
springboot的使用：druid/druid-spring-boot-starter at master · alibaba/druid · GitHub

2. 导入依赖

Spring Boot 2.5.2版本导入下面的druid 1.1.17依赖并不能使用监控功能
使用相同版本的druid-spring-boot-starter可以使用监控功能。

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.1.17</version>
</dependency>

3. XML方式配置数据源

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"destroy-method="close"><property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /><property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /><property name="maxActive" value="20" /><property name="initialSize" value="1" /><property name="maxWait" value="60000" /><property name="minIdle" value="1" /><property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" /><property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" /><property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" /><property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" /><property name="testOnReturn" value="false" /><property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" /><property name="maxOpenPreparedStatements" value="20" />
</bean>

4. 配置类方式配置数据源

//默认的自动配置是判断容器中没有才会配@ConditionalOnMissingBean(DataSource.class)
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource")
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() throws SQLException {DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();//要么ConfigurationProperties配置文件配置，要么手动set//druidDataSource.setUrl();//druidDataSource.setUsername();//druidDataSource.setPassword();//wall是加入监控防火墙//stat是加入监控统计功能//多个值用","分割druidDataSource.setFilters("stat,wall");druidDataSource.setMaxActive(10);return druidDataSource;
}

5. StatViewServlet的用途

内置监控页面的首页是/druid/index.html
提供监控信息展示的html页面
提供监控信息的JSON API

//配置 druid的监控页功能
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){StatViewServlet statViewServlet = new StatViewServlet();ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet> registrationBean =new ServletRegistrationBean<>(statViewServlet, "/druid/*");//监控页登录用户registrationBean.addInitParameter("loginUsername","admin");registrationBean.addInitParameter("loginPassword","123456");return registrationBean;
}

6. StatFilter

用于统计监控信息；如SQL监控、URI监控
系统中所有filter

别名	Filter类名
default	com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.StatFilter
stat	com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.StatFilter
mergeStat	com.alibaba.druid.filter.stat.MergeStatFilter
encoding	com.alibaba.druid.filter.encoding.EncodingConvertFilter
log4j	com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.Log4jFilter
log4j2	com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.Log4j2Filter
slf4j	com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.Slf4jLogFilter
commonlogging	com.alibaba.druid.filter.logging.CommonsLogFilter

//WebStatFilter 用于采集web-jdbc关联监控的数据。
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){WebStatFilter webStatFilter = new WebStatFilter();FilterRegistrationBean<WebStatFilter> filterRegistrationBean =new FilterRegistrationBean<>(webStatFilter);//过滤所有filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));//排除过滤的路径filterRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("exclusions","*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*");return filterRegistrationBean;
}

Druid-starter自动配置原理

1. 引入starter依赖

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.1.17</version>
</dependency>

2. DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure

配置文件配置 spring.datasource.druid 或 spring.datasource
需要配置在springboot官方数据源之前，也就是在spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc之前引入依赖

3. DruidSpringAopConfiguration.class

监控SpringBean的
配置项：spring.datasource.druid.aop-patterns

4. DruidStatViewServletConfiguration.class

监控页的配置：spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet；默认开启

5. DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration.class

web监控配置；spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter；默认开启

6. DruidFilterConfiguration.class

所有Druid自己filter的配置

7. 配置文件示例

spring:datasource:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_accountusername: rootpassword: 123456driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driverdruid:aop-patterns: com.my.admin.*  #监控SpringBeanfilters: stat,wall     # 底层开启功能，stat（sql监控），wall（防火墙）stat-view-servlet:   # 配置监控页功能enabled: truelogin-username: adminlogin-password: adminresetEnable: falseweb-stat-filter:  # 监控webenabled: trueurlPattern: /*exclusions: '*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*'filter:stat:    # 对上面filters里面的stat的详细配置slow-sql-millis: 1000logSlowSql: trueenabled: truewall:enabled: trueconfig:drop-table-allow: false

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