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C61-结构体数组

news 2025/10/8 8:13:20

一结构体数组

结构体数组是指数组的每个元素都是同一个结构体类型。

定义与初始化、访问与操作

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>struct Student
{char name[32];int  StudentNumber;char sex[4];int age;float score;char address[32];
};  int main()
{//声明与初始化结构体数组struct Student students[3]={{"Tony",20251911,"男",19,94.7,"云南"},{"Michle",20251931,"男",19,95.8,"湖南"},{"Jane",20251945,"女",18,94.9,"北京"}}; //遍历结构体数组int len;len=sizeof(students)/sizeof(students[0]);for(int i=0;i<len;i++){printf("姓名:%s, 学号:%d, 性别:%s, 年龄:%d, 分数:%f,  籍贯: %s\n\n",students[i].name,students[i].StudentNumber,students[i].sex,students[i].age,students[i].score,students[i].address);}//修改某项信息students[2].score=100;//修改测试printf("姓名:%s, 学号:%d, 性别:%s, 年龄:%d, 分数:%f,  籍贯: %s\n\n",students[2].name,students[2].StudentNumber,students[2].sex,students[2].age,students[2].score,students[2].address);return 0;
}

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二 mini项目-选票系统

Example:

//三个候选者,五个选民每人一张票
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>struct Candidate
{char name[32];int votes;
};  int main()
{//声明结构体数组struct Candidate candidates[3];     //candidates:候选者们struct Candidate electee;   //electee:当选者//相关数据定义int AbandonedTickets=0;     //计数弃票char TempName[32];  //用于临时存放选民的意向人名字//初始化选民信息int i;int j;int mark;int len=sizeof(candidates)/sizeof(candidates[0]);for(i=0;i<len;i++){candidates[i].votes=0;printf("请输入第%d个候选者的名字:\n",i+1);scanf("%s",candidates[i].name);}//唱票环节for(i=0;i<5;i++){    mark=0;  memset(TempName,'\0',sizeof(TempName));  //清空临时存放,避免后期比对错误printf("请问你把票投给谁:\n");scanf("%s",TempName);for (j= 0; j<len;j++){if (strcmp(TempName,candidates[j].name)==0){candidates[j].votes++;mark=1;// 找到匹配后可提前退出内层循环，优化效率break;}}// 修复：将弃票判断移至内层循环外，确保检查所有候选人后再判断if (mark==0){printf("不存在此候选人,意味着你弃票!\n");AbandonedTickets++;}   }//结果公示for(i=0;i<len;i++){printf("名字:%s,票数:%d\n",candidates[i].name,candidates[i].votes);}printf("\n");electee=candidates[0];for (i=0; i<len;i++){if (electee.votes < candidates[i].votes){electee = candidates[i];}}printf("%s以%d票当选,弃票为%d",electee.name,electee.votes,AbandonedTickets);return 0;
}