Django - DRF

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关于 DRF

DRF : Django REST framework
DRF 是一个建立在Django基础之上的Web 应用开发框架，可以快速的开发REST API接口应用。
在REST framework中，提供了序列化器Serialzier的定义，可以帮助我们简化序列化与反序列化的过程，不仅如此，还提供丰富的类视图、扩展类、视图集来简化视图的编写工作。
REST framework还提供了认证、权限、限流、过滤、分页、接口文档等功能支持。
REST framework提供了一个API 的Web可视化界面来方便查看测试接口。

• 官网：https://www.django-rest-framework.org
• github : https://github.com/encode/django-rest-framework

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pip install djangorestframework

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1、接着上文，我们在 ddemo/settings.py 的 INSTALLED_APPS 添加 rest_framework app；添加 REST_FRAMEWORK 键

INSTALLED_APPS = ['django.contrib.admin',...'hello','rest_framework',
]REST_FRAMEWORK = {# Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,# or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': ['rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly',]
}

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2、编辑 ddemo/urls.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.urls import include, path
from rest_framework import routers, serializers, viewsets# Serializers define the API representation.
class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):class Meta:model = Userfields = ['url', 'username', 'email', 'is_staff']# ViewSets define the view behavior.
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):queryset = User.objects.all()serializer_class = UserSerializer# Routers provide a way of automatically determining the URL conf.
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', UserViewSet)# Wire up our API using automatic URL routing.
# Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API.
urlpatterns = [path('', include(router.urls)),path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')),
]

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3、创建用户

python manage.py createsuperuser

这里我添加用户名为 xx，密码为 1234；后面将会用到

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你也可以通过这种方式创建用户:

python manage.py createsuperuser --email [e-mail] --username admin

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4、运行

python manage.py runserver

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5、测试 请求

curl -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u xx:1234 http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/

http -a admin:password123 http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/

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得到：

[{"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/","username": "xx","email": "[e-mail]","is_staff": true}
]

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创建新用户，名为 new，邮箱为 [e-mail]

curl -X POST -d username=new -d email=[e-mail] -d is_staff=false -H 'Accept: application/json; indent=4' -u xx:1234 http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/

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返回：

{"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/2/","username": "new","email": "[e-mail]","is_staff": false,
}

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