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wpf之 Popup

news 2025/9/27 5:33:10

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前言

Popup 在WPF中用于创建浮动内容的控件，它显示在其他内容之上，常用于工具提示、弹出菜单等场景

1、IsOpen

指示是否显示控件，值为true显示控件，值为false不显示控件。

2、PlacementTarget

PlacementTarget 属性用于指定 Popup 相对于哪个控件进行定位，是控制 Popup 显示位置的关键属性，与 Placement 属性配合使用，下面的代码中指定Popup相对于btn1按钮定位，并且由于Placement="Left"所以是在btn1按钮的左边显示
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<Window x:Class="wpf之Popup.MainWindow"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:wpf之Popup"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800"><Grid><Grid.RowDefinitions><RowDefinition Height="1*" /><RowDefinition Height="1*" /></Grid.RowDefinitions ><Grid.ColumnDefinitions><ColumnDefinition Width=" *"/><ColumnDefinition Width="*"/></Grid.ColumnDefinitions><Button  x:Name="btn1"  Grid.Column=" 0" Grid.Row=" 0" Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Margin="3" Click="Button_Click"  HorizontalAlignment="Center" /><Button  x:Name="btn2"   Grid.Column=" 1" Grid.Row=" 1"   Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Click="Button_Click_1"   HorizontalAlignment="Center"/><Popup x:Name="pop_test1"  IsOpen="false" PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=btn1}" Placement="Left" StaysOpen="True"       AllowsTransparency="False"   PopupAnimation="None"  FlowDirection="LeftToRight" ><Border Background="#80FF0000" CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="100"><StackPanel Grid.Row=" 0" Orientation="Horizontal"  ><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Background="Red"   /><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50"  Background="Blue"   /></StackPanel ></Border></Popup ></Grid>
</Window>

3、Placement

指示Popup相对于PlacementTarget指定的控件的放置位置。
1）Absolute
相对于屏幕左上角定位
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下面的代码指定Popup在距离屏幕左上角水平方向100（HorizontalOffset=“100”），垂直方向200（VerticalOffset=“200”）的位置显示。

<Window x:Class="wpf之Popup.MainWindow"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:wpf之Popup"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800"><Grid><Grid.RowDefinitions><RowDefinition Height="1*" /><RowDefinition Height="1*" /></Grid.RowDefinitions ><Grid.ColumnDefinitions><ColumnDefinition Width=" *"/><ColumnDefinition Width="*"/></Grid.ColumnDefinitions><Button  x:Name="btn1"  Grid.Column=" 0" Grid.Row=" 0" Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Margin="3" Click="Button_Click"  HorizontalAlignment="Center" /><Button  x:Name="btn2"   Grid.Column=" 1" Grid.Row=" 1"   Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Click="Button_Click_1"   HorizontalAlignment="Center"/><Popup x:Name="pop_test1"  IsOpen="false"  Placement="Absolute"   HorizontalOffset="100" VerticalOffset="200" StaysOpen="True"       AllowsTransparency="False"   PopupAnimation="None"  FlowDirection="LeftToRight" ><Border Background="#80FF0000" CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="100"><StackPanel Grid.Row=" 0" Orientation="Horizontal"  ><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Background="Red"   /><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50"  Background="Blue"   /></StackPanel ></Border></Popup ></Grid>
</Window>

2）Relative
相对于指定的矩形左上角定位，矩形的坐标的原点在窗体的左上角
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下面的代码指定popup在矩形（PlacementRectangle=“100,200,1000,1000” ）指定的距离窗体左边100，上边200的位置显示。

<Window x:Class="wpf之Popup.MainWindow"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:wpf之Popup"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800"><Grid><Grid.RowDefinitions><RowDefinition Height="1*" /><RowDefinition Height="1*" /></Grid.RowDefinitions ><Grid.ColumnDefinitions><ColumnDefinition Width=" *"/><ColumnDefinition Width="*"/></Grid.ColumnDefinitions><Button  x:Name="btn1"  Grid.Column=" 0" Grid.Row=" 0" Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Margin="3" Click="Button_Click"  HorizontalAlignment="Center" /><Button  x:Name="btn2"   Grid.Column=" 1" Grid.Row=" 1"   Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Click="Button_Click_1"   HorizontalAlignment="Center"/><Popup x:Name="pop_test1"  IsOpen="false"  Placement="Relative"   PlacementRectangle="100,200,1000,1000" StaysOpen="True"       AllowsTransparency="False"   PopupAnimation="None"  FlowDirection="LeftToRight" ><Border Background="#80FF0000" CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="100"><StackPanel Grid.Row=" 0" Orientation="Horizontal"  ><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Background="Red"   /><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50"  Background="Blue"   /></StackPanel ></Border></Popup ></Grid>
</Window>

3）Bottom
结合PlacementTarget使用，靠下显示
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4）Top
结合PlacementTarget使用，靠上显示
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5）Left
结合PlacementTarget使用，靠左显示
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  <Popup x:Name="pop_test1"  IsOpen="false"  PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=btn1}" Placement="Left" StaysOpen="True"       AllowsTransparency="False"   PopupAnimation="None"  FlowDirection="LeftToRight" ><Border Background="#80FF0000" CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="100"><StackPanel Grid.Row=" 0" Orientation="Horizontal"  ><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Background="Red"   /><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50"  Background="Blue"   /></StackPanel ></Border></Popup >

6）Right
结合PlacementTarget使用，靠右显示
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7）Center
结合PlacementTarget使用，居中显示
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8）Mouse
根据鼠标位置决定，不需要结合PlacementTarget使用

9）MousePoint
根据鼠标点击位置决定，不需要结合PlacementTarget使用

 <Popup x:Name="pop_test1"  IsOpen="false"  Placement="MousePoint"        StaysOpen="True"       AllowsTransparency="False"   PopupAnimation="None"  FlowDirection="LeftToRight" ><Border Background="#80FF0000" CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="100"><StackPanel Grid.Row=" 0" Orientation="Horizontal"  ><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Background="Red"   /><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50"  Background="Blue"   /></StackPanel ></Border></Popup >

10）AbsolutePoint

4、StaysOpen

StaysOpen 决定了 Popup 是"临时性"的还是"持久性"的显示。
1）true
则为永久性显示，需要通过代码关闭Popup控件。
2) false
则为临时显示，当点击不是Popup控件所显示的区域时，Popup控件不再显示。

5、AllowsTransparency

指示Popup控件是否支持透明色
1）true
支持透明色
2）false
不支持透明色

6、PopupAnimation

指示Popup控件显示时的动画，比如滑动显示

7、FlowDirection

指示Popup控件中的子控件的排列方式，比如从左到右还是从右到左。

综合应用

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<Window x:Class="wpf之Popup.MainWindow"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:wpf之Popup"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800"><Grid><Grid.RowDefinitions><RowDefinition Height="1*" /><RowDefinition Height="1*" /></Grid.RowDefinitions ><Grid.ColumnDefinitions><ColumnDefinition Width=" *"/><ColumnDefinition Width="*"/></Grid.ColumnDefinitions><Button  x:Name="btn1"  Grid.Column=" 0" Grid.Row=" 0" Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Margin="3" Click="Button_Click"  HorizontalAlignment="Center" /><Button  x:Name="btn2"   Grid.Column=" 1" Grid.Row=" 1"   Width="100"   Height=" 100" Background="Gray" Click="Button_Click_1"   HorizontalAlignment="Center"/><Popup x:Name="pop_test1"  IsOpen="false" PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=btn1}" Placement="Left" StaysOpen="False"      AllowsTransparency="False"   PopupAnimation="None"  FlowDirection="LeftToRight" ><Border Background="#80FF0000" CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="100"><StackPanel Grid.Row=" 0" Orientation="Horizontal"  ><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Background="Red"   /><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50"  Background="Blue"   /></StackPanel ></Border></Popup ><Popup x:Name="pop_test2"  IsOpen="false" PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=btn1}" Placement="Right"   HorizontalOffset=" 100" VerticalOffset=" 50" StaysOpen="True" AllowsTransparency="True"  PopupAnimation="Slide "    FlowDirection="RightToLeft" ><Border Background="#80FF0000" CornerRadius="10" Width="100" Height="100"><StackPanel Grid.Row=" 0" Orientation="Horizontal"  ><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Background="Red"   /><Button Width=" 50" Height=" 50" Content="关闭" Background="Blue" Click="Button_Click_2"   /></StackPanel ></Border></Popup ></Grid>
</Window>