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托福听力44

托福听力44
1.讲professor叫stu来讲关于research plan
最开始先来了一个小插入:other members of your group去哪里了:
at library,for:biology lab assignment that's due later this afternoon
然后进入research project的讨论正题:
这个research是关于monitoring students studying in the library(purpose:get a good understanding of people's study habits and stuff)
(ps.这里是stuff不是staff,是学生在说要理解学习习惯和些其他东西的感觉)
然后教授开始说具体是什么问题:Hawthorne effect(听得时候真的像Harvard)
不懂没关系,这个会解释:more or less forget about a specific variable... the variable of the researchers themselves
然后把这个theory引回现在这里的情况:students in the library know observing them
prof认为这个effect要被consider到,但是stud认为这个不secret
然后教授用一个exa进一步解释:manufacturing facility:bright lights or dim light与productive的关系;问题:Whatever the researchers did, the workers' productivity increased;
原因:workers knew that the researchers were watching them→ workers felt compelled to work harder(这里compelled不是指身体上的暴力强迫,而是指一种 心理上或情境上的巨大压力,让人感到必须做某事)
然后讲完了,教授叫stu跟group members说一下,讨论下,再和prof见面下
1.
a.recently completed had unexpected results错误,整个research还没开始做
b.topic covered in class未提及
c.ask for suggestions错
d.正确
2.Tom and Jane是other members。
a.正确,another class指的是biology lab
b.already observing student错误
c.错误,未提及
d.错误,未提及
ps.我要蛐蛐下,这个题挖的太坑了,我听的时候没有听到biology lab assignment 。然后又是再libarary,后文也又都在说在libarary做实验,我就下意识选d了
3.问他们的research planning
a.noise未提及,employees是prof为了解释effect的例子说的在plant里面的exa,与此无关
b.同理,light是prof为了解释effect的例子说的在plant里面的exa,与此无关
c.正确,原文提及
d.这里的effect指的是教授说的这个issue,不是research研究的内容,错误
这道题真的很坑,看到3个effect开头下意识就在里面选,加上c选项的habit又没有听到,就选了d
4.这里扯到的lighting是prof为了解释effect而说的在一个plant里面的例子,选d
a.cost未提及
b.decline未提及
c.这个是exa里面的examine的目的,不是professor mention的目的
5.b
2.
生词:nanotechnology纳米技术;multidisciplinary多学科的;coating涂层;spray喷雾:liquid that is blown or driven through the air in the form of tiny drops
sheet of:single, relatively thin flat surface or body of material;和office里面的sheet没有关系哈
withstand承受

看原文:
prof一上来就说了下nanotechnology,这个东西我觉得有些难度,他的解释是:multidisciplinary science of manipulating—or controlling—extremely small units of matter, on the scale of molecules or even atom
解释一开始我给multidisciplinary搞懵了,在想这个是不是解释nanotechnology的,实际上这个不听也可以,他就是controll small units of matter的东西。但是这里最开始说matter,这里也太宽了,脑子反应不过来,还在想这个的时候molecules or atom就过掉了
接下来这里才进入这个lecture的核心: how nanotechnology is being used today=particular application:ultrathin coating→applied to objects→prevent fogging
这里再打一个补丁:coating是什么。听力的时候我想的是coding,脑子里面一直是对molecules进行什么编码,结果听完一看全是coat,心里凉一截。但是coat明明是外套,实际上动词是provide with a layer or covering of something;那这里coating就是个遮罩了,超薄涂层
继续解释:cold surface comes into contact with warm→fog→thousands of tiny spherical water droplets condensing on the surface of the glass→Light hits the water droplet→scattered in random direction
然后呢,spray可以解决(ps.原文说的是spray-on treatment,这个说法里面我最早想到治疗,这肯定不对。应该理解为为达到特定效果而使用的处理手段/材料)
进一步解释:water droplets→ flatten→light doesn't scatter
components:①negative:tiny particles of glass②positive polymer
①+②→don't pack together
loves water→coating prevents fog
droplets flatten→ light passes through the thin sheet of water→no fog
那怎么把这个用上去?:heating→burn polymer away and fuse together
问题来了:要heat,那materials要withstand high heat→glass√;plastic×
解决方法:从一个plant inspired→superhydrophobic:repel water→找attracted water
1.main purpose
a.正确,文章开始就说了,可惜我没听到
b.origins未提及
c.brief outline错,是在讲一个practical use而不是concept的
d.未提及
2.问lecture脉络,很少见这种题目
a.片面不全
b.就还没market,事实直接错误
c.没有解释basic concept
d.正确

3.
a.bounce off对应到原文的scatter,但是这个是在讲fog的形成,不是在讲这个技术的原理
b.roll off原文是在讲superhydrophobic,和这里无关
c.正确
d.random direction是在讲fog的形成,不是在讲这个技术的原理

4.问nanocoating not last as long on plastic as it does on glass
a.正确
b.本题无关
c.contact with plastic事实错误
d.Plastic和glass的使用难易度未提及
5.问developing the new coating是怎么inspired的:
a.未提及
b.ineffectiveness未提及
c.正确
d.这里对应到的是解释coating的具体实现,并不是inspiring
6.问关于development of the new nanocoating,定位到文末尾附近
a.other inventors未提及
b.正确。这个很狡猾,这里的flexibility指的是从那个plant上学的到的方向相反的想法
c. took so long未提及
d.spent more time未提及

4.这道题感觉还算比较简单,但是还是错了2道,很不应该
先理一下原文:
开头小寒暄:学生见prof,说met you briefly about a year ago,当时还在applying to the university。那个时候见这个教授是在talk about art department(有点像招生会那种)
然后进入正题:stud说对painting有兴趣,然后这个prod是charge of student art exhibition的。
stu问how you choose the works exhibit
prof答:有个gallery review committee,但是 rest of this school year都already planned了,并且exhibitors are third- and fourth-year student
问:是不是有all kinds of painting
答:specific technique each month,比如drip painting
然后扯到了一个新展开:一个叫做Pollock的画家:drip paint onto the canvas instead of using a brush+ climbed up on a ladder to pour paint(drip period)
prof说last year有一个theme就是drip paint还有experiment
学生问像不像Pollock's work,prof说goal不是imitate,是look at different ways of applying paint to a canvas
prof补一句想enroll(exhibit)只要fit the theme就好
1.问对话的目的
a.错误。
b.正确
c.learn the focus错
d.techniques in class不是对话的目的
2.问stu为什么mention Pollock
a.关于这个人是教授在举例drip painting的时候学生插入的,正确
b.学生并没有问if she can see,而且还original painting,大错特错
c.comparison未提及
d.看上去感觉很像对,但是这里对于class就不对了,对现在讲话的topic有interest还勉勉强强
3.定位到Pollock的characteristic
a.正确,原文在讲drip什么的,和brush不一样
b.location未提及(虽然有说到pollick的studio,但是无关,这个并不能distinguish)
c.未提及
d.size未提及
4.问这个abstract art上prod的class,定位到中后部分
a.primarily on Jackson Pollock未提及
b. most popular未提及
c.tends to attract未提及
d.encourages student,different tech正确
5.问用意
a.错误,教授还特地在最后说enroll(exhibit)只要fit the theme就好
b.degree requirement未提及
c.正确,原句说了3-4年级
d.deadline未提及
ps.语法补充:"Yes" 和 "No" 是对事实本身的肯定或否定,而不是对提问者话语的附和或反对

5.令人不大喜欢的anthropology人类学题目

看下文章:
prof引入说agriculture arose independently有几个地方,然后New G是一个新的要speculated的
然后讲怎么发现的:nineteen sixties and seventies:explore the possibilit→evidence inconclusive
具体是:deforestation(cutting down trees)unclear+plant remains don't preserve well
然后讲recent convincing support:site发生了agricultural development。evi①analyze sediment samples from soil:pits, stake holes, and ditches→crops were being planted②higher layer of soil→mound→ plant crops that can't tolerate wet soil(bananas)③extensive network of ditches and drainage channel
结论:expect:social change→structural changes in the society
but:unchanged
生词:
这个Succession我不得不再说一下:
前两天刚刚蛐蛐过:https://www.bilibili.com/opus/1113246774338781184
这个succession有三个意思:①继承the action or process of inheriting a title, office, property②连续的东西a number of people or things sharing a specified characteristic and following one after the other③生物上的演替the process by which a community of plants and other organisms changes gradually, giving way to a sequence of community types that is predictable in a given type of habitat
identify actual plant remain→banana、taro(starch)
high percentage of fossils from banana→bananas were deliberately planted
当时遇到的是第三个意思,Seasonal Succession季节性演替,在这里出现的是第二个意思: succession of phases of

ditch:水沟;
pit:large hole in the ground
mound:墓葬(Burial mounds):覆盖在坟墓之上的土堆,在世界各地许多文化中都很常见;平台基址(Platform mounds):作为重要建筑(如神庙或首领房屋)的地基;标志物(Marker mounds):用作领土或 ritual landscape 的标志。
Stake hole:由 “stake”(桩、标桩)和 “hole”(孔、洞)组成,为插入“桩”而预留或钻出的孔洞。
taro芋头;
deliberately=consciously and intentionally=on purpose;
egalitarian:a person who advocates or supports the principle of equality for all people

看题目:
1.mainly about
a.spread to other cultures未提及
b.Differences未提及
c.正确,其中developed independently 就是开头出现的
d.Techniques不是重点
2.问evidence为什么inconclusive了
a.ditches定位到文末,和这里的题目无关
b.正确
c.未提及
d.deforestation正确
3.layers of soil定位到sediment samples from soil部分
a.phases of agricultural development原文里面是在说发现的内容,虽然在sediment samples from soil前面,但是并没有说linked to evidence
b.定位同a,这句就是在说identified的,正确
c.swampy conditions定位到第二点evidence了,本题无关
d.methods of farming无关
生词:inconclusive无定论的;
4.问为什么在result的conclude的时候提到taro remains,这里定位到文末
a.正确,原文前面是说了个mound,然后说到这个taro,highland原文也有
b.native plant of China未提及,China只能定位到开头举例了三个地区的位置
c.only found未提及
d.wet想到前文说的mound的purpose:plant crops that can't tolerate very wet soil,和这个taro无关
5.问bananas,还是个三选,头大的题目
a.正确,原文提及的
b.tools的discovery未提及
c.正确,原文提及的,这个banana和mound就是混一起说的
d.比较tricky,原文有提到swampy wetland,但是提这个是为了说banana在这里长不了,所以Mound的出现可以是evidence,所以did not become错
e.Genetic定位也和banana有关系(但是我真的记不住,😭)
6.问point
a.unexpected evidence错误,这个说反了。确实是unexpected,但是并不是research yield的。原文是说正常不except这个情况,但是确实有unchanged的。
b.正确;contradicted这个对应except的反面
c.Future discoveries错误,未提及
d.并没有explain,只是阐述这个现象
6.environmental science的题目
这道题脉络上相对上道题顺多了,并且还把两个生词写出来,但是我感觉没有辅助到多少
先看原文:直接提到要讲geothermal energy:harnessing the power of the ocean。这里怕听不懂还解释了下:ocean tide=movement of huge amounts of water, which causes the water level of oceans to rise and fall
然后生词出现estuary,听起来真的很像asteroid,把我搞懵了是真的!
这玩意是入海口的意思,怕我们不懂还特地抓学生起来回答问题:
estuary's where a river enters the ocean... the fresh water meets the ocean water.
这里我觉得是很坑的:这个's挺不爽很轻,后面的fresh water 不是新鲜的水,是淡水的意思。由此,所这个定义我直接白给了
然后继续说这个estuary干什么:capture energy from changes in tides
然后来了有一个给拼写的词,可选我也没见过:barrage:large low dam(built across an estuary)
然后讲issue:high level of biological productivity(marine life)
change the existing water level:tides won't go as high+n't be as low during low tide。→好处:prevent flooding;坏处:mud flat
问题来了:birds rely on exposed mud flats for food+ tiny animals
又来一个but:现象是:barrage would reduce the tidal current→sediment would settle to the floor→water clear→attracting new wildlife:这样又好了
学生问有没有tried,那就是例子来了:France(small):
×major ecological problem、fishing↑
然后有一个大的proposed,但是expensive
argument against barrage:large
Critics:improving the energy efficiency→need for electricity↓
生词:cloudy浑浊的;churn up剧烈搅动;
1.mainly talk
a.mechanical function错误,并未也不是mainly在讲technique的细节
b.ecological effect正确
c.看似对,但是重点不在ocean tide,在barrage
d.increase biological productivity错误,原文是说biological productivity会受影响
2.问appropriatefor building barrages的purpose
a.对
b.①wide variety未提及,animal specie会有影响没错②和本题无关
c.deeper than未提及
d.residential area未提及
3.concern about marine life on the mud flat
a.worse for birds than for fish错误,原文说都有好
b.irreversible未提及
c.正确:complicated environmental picture
d.未提及
4.问France的例子里面的result
a.正确
b.saltier未提及
c.polluted未提及
d.risen未提及
5.问Britain例子里面的criticism:
a.nearby building的effect未提及
b.harmful species未提及
c.事实错误,France是小的,这个是大的
d.expensive正确,原文提及
6.这里学生回答了关于estuary的定义,prof补充,c正确

http://www.dtcms.com/a/391640.html

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