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easyExcel动态应用案例

news 2025/9/15 5:56:03

代码链接：https://download.csdn.net/download/ly1h1/91940299

1.案例说明：

    1.1.导入功能

导入数据实现转换成  List<List<String>> headers和  List<List<String>> datas，后续补充可以与数据模型注解结合，形成类对象集合；

    1.2.导出功能

复合表头、下拉框选择、列宽、表头高度，均引出到业务层进行自定义设置。

2.引入依赖

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>easyexcel-core</artifactId><version>3.3.4</version><scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

2.导入

2.1 Controller接口

2.2  导入工具类-DymaticExcelImportUtil

package com.ruoyi.common.security.utils;
import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;
import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Head;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.data.ReadCellData;
import com.alibaba.excel.read.listener.ReadListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;/*** 修复类型转换异常的Excel导入工具类* 解决：java.lang.String cannot be cast to com.alibaba.excel.metadata.data.ReadCellData*/
public class DymaticExcelImportUtil {private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DymaticExcelImportUtil.class);/*** 解析Excel输入流为表头和数据列表* @param inputStream Excel文件输入流* @return 包含表头和数据的结果对象*/public static ExcelParseResult importToList(InputStream inputStream) {if (Objects.isNull(inputStream)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("输入流不能为空");}ExcelReadListener listener = new ExcelReadListener();try {// 关键修复：指定读取原始数据（不自动转换为String）EasyExcel.read(inputStream).registerReadListener(listener).headRowNumber(1) // 指定表头所在行数（默认第一行）.doReadAll();} catch (Exception e) {log.error("Excel解析失败: {}", e.getMessage(), e);throw new RuntimeException("Excel导入错误: " + e.getMessage());} finally {try {inputStream.close();} catch (Exception e) {log.warn("输入流关闭失败: {}", e.getMessage());}}return listener.getResult();}/*** 自定义监听器（修复泛型类型匹配问题）*/private static class ExcelReadListener implements ReadListener<Map<Integer, Object>> {private final List<List<String>> headerLists = new ArrayList<>();private final List<List<String>> dataLists = new ArrayList<>();private boolean isHeaderParsed = false;/*** 处理表头数据*/@Overridepublic void invokeHead(Map<Integer, ReadCellData<?>> headMap, AnalysisContext context) {if (!isHeaderParsed) {List<String> headerRow = new ArrayList<>();// 遍历表头单元格并转换为字符串for (int i = 0; i < headMap.size(); i++) {ReadCellData<?> cellData = headMap.get(i);headerRow.add(cellData.getStringValue() != null ? cellData.getStringValue().trim() : "");}headerLists.add(headerRow);isHeaderParsed = true;}}/*** 处理数据行（使用Object接收所有类型，避免强制转换）*/@Overridepublic void invoke(Map<Integer, Object> dataMap, AnalysisContext context) {List<String> dataRow = new ArrayList<>();// 遍历数据单元格，兼容所有类型for (int i = 0; i < dataMap.size(); i++) {Object cellValue = dataMap.get(i);dataRow.add(convertToString(cellValue));}dataLists.add(dataRow);}/*** 解析完成回调*/@Overridepublic void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {log.info("Excel解析完成 - 表头行数: {}, 数据行数: {}",headerLists.size(), dataLists.size());}/*** 万能类型转换：将任意单元格值转换为字符串*/private String convertToString(Object value) {if (value == null) {return "";}// 处理ReadCellData类型（原始单元格数据）if (value instanceof ReadCellData<?>) {ReadCellData<?> cellData = (ReadCellData<?>) value;if (cellData.getStringValue() != null) {return cellData.getStringValue().trim();} else if (cellData.getNumberValue() != null) {return cellData.getNumberValue().toString();} else if (cellData.getBooleanValue() != null) {return cellData.getBooleanValue().toString();}}// 处理其他类型（如String、Number等）return value.toString().trim();}public ExcelParseResult getResult() {return new ExcelParseResult(headerLists, dataLists);}}/*** Excel解析结果封装类*/public static class ExcelParseResult {private final List<List<String>> headerLists;private final List<List<String>> dataLists;public ExcelParseResult(List<List<String>> headerLists, List<List<String>> dataLists) {this.headerLists = headerLists;this.dataLists = dataLists;}public List<List<String>> getHeaderLists() {return headerLists;}public List<List<String>> getDataLists() {return dataLists;}}
}

3.导出

3.1 接口

package com.ruoyi.system.controller;import com.ruoyi.common.core.exception.ServiceException;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;/*** 用户控制器*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/user")
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate IUserService userService;/*** 导出用户Excel*/@GetMapping("/export/excel")public void exportUserExcel(HttpServletResponse response) {try {// 获取Excel字节数组byte[] excelBytes = userService.exportUsersToExcel();// 设置响应头response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("用户数据列表", "UTF-8").replaceAll("\\+", "%20");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename*=UTF-8''" + fileName + ".xlsx");// 写入响应流response.getOutputStream().write(excelBytes);response.getOutputStream().flush();} catch (Exception e) {// 异常处理try {response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");response.getWriter().write("导出失败：" + e.getMessage());} catch (IOException ex) {throw new ServiceException("导出失败！");}}}
}

3.2 Service

package com.ruoyi.system.service.impl;import com.ruoyi.common.core.utils.DateUtils;
import com.ruoyi.common.security.utils.*;
import com.ruoyi.system.api.domain.SysDictData;
import com.ruoyi.system.domain.RpCompanyconfig;
import com.ruoyi.system.domain.User;
import com.ruoyi.system.mapper.RpCompanyconfigMapper;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.IRpCompanyconfigService;
import com.ruoyi.system.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;import static com.ruoyi.common.security.utils.ExcelFieldExtractor.extractField;/*** 用户服务实现类*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService
{@Overridepublic List<User> listAllUsers() {// 模拟数据库查询return new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new User(1L, "张三", 25, "zhangsan@example.com"),new User(2L, "李四", 30, "lisi@example.com"),new User(3L, "王五", 28, "water"),new User(4L, "赵六", 32, "zhaoliu@example.com")));}@Overridepublic byte[] exportUsersToExcel() throws IOException {// 1. 获取用户数据List<User> userList = listAllUsers();// 2. 构建表头List<List<String>> headList = new ArrayList<>();List<String> H1=  new ArrayList<>();List<String> H2=  new ArrayList<>();List<String> H3=  new ArrayList<>();List<String> H4=  new ArrayList<>();H1.add("用户ID");H1.add("用户ID");H2.add("信息");H2.add("姓名");H3.add("信息");H3.add("年龄");H4.add("邮箱");H4.add("邮箱");headList.add(H1);headList.add(H2);headList.add(H3);headList.add(H4);// 设置下拉框数据（key:列索引，value:下拉选项数组）// 为第4列（性别列，索引从0开始）设置下拉框Map<Integer, String[]> dropdownDataMap = new HashMap<>();dropdownDataMap.put(3, new String[]{"男", "女", "未知"});// 3. 转换数据格式List<List<String>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();for (User user : userList){List<String> row = new ArrayList<>();row.add(String.valueOf(user.getId()));row.add(user.getName());row.add(String.valueOf(user.getAge()));row.add(user.getEmail());dataList.add(row);}// 4. 设置列宽List<Integer> widthList = Arrays.asList(60, 15, 8, 50);List<List<ExceSortModelVO>> list= GenericExcelModelConverter.convertToExcelModelList(userList);for(int i=0;i<list.get(0).size();i++){if (!list.get(0).get(i).getDictType().equals("")){List<String> listItem = new ArrayList<>();List<SysDictData> sysDic =  DictUtils.getDictCache(list.get(0).get(i).getDictType());for (SysDictData item : sysDic){listItem.add(item.getDictLabel());}dropdownDataMap.put(i, listItem.toArray(new String[listItem.size()]));}}List<List<String>> nameList =  ExcelFieldExtractor.extractField(list, ExcelFieldExtractor.FieldType.NAME);List<List<String>> valueList =  ExcelFieldExtractor.extractField(list, ExcelFieldExtractor.FieldType.VALUE);List<List<Integer>> widthList2 =  ExcelFieldExtractor.extractField(list, ExcelFieldExtractor.FieldType.WIDTH);// 表头行高设置（30点，比默认更高，适合显示较长表头）float headerHeight = 30f;// 5. 调用工具类生成Excelreturn DymaticExcelUtil.exportToBytes(headList, valueList, "用户数据列表", widthList,dropdownDataMap,headerHeight);}
}

3.3 下拉框类

package com.ruoyi.common.security.utils;import com.alibaba.excel.write.handler.SheetWriteHandler;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteSheetHolder;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteWorkbookHolder;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;/*** Excel下拉框数据处理器* 支持基于Map配置多列下拉框选项*/
public class DropdownDataHandler implements SheetWriteHandler {// 存储列索引与下拉选项的映射关系 (列索引 -> 下拉选项数组)private final Map<Integer, String[]> dropdownDataMap;/*** 构造方法* @param dropdownDataMap 列索引与下拉选项的映射*/public DropdownDataHandler(Map<Integer, String[]> dropdownDataMap) {this.dropdownDataMap = dropdownDataMap != null ? dropdownDataMap : new HashMap<>();}@Overridepublic void beforeSheetCreate(WriteWorkbookHolder writeWorkbookHolder, WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder) {// 工作表创建前无需操作}@Overridepublic void afterSheetCreate(WriteWorkbookHolder writeWorkbookHolder, WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder) {Sheet sheet = writeSheetHolder.getSheet();Workbook workbook = writeWorkbookHolder.getWorkbook();// 获取所有需要设置下拉框的列Set<Map.Entry<Integer, String[]>> entries = dropdownDataMap.entrySet();for (Map.Entry<Integer, String[]> entry : entries) {int columnIndex = entry.getKey();String[] options = entry.getValue();if (options == null || options.length == 0) {continue;}// 创建下拉框约束DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(options);// 设置下拉框作用范围（从第2行到第1000行，可根据实际需求调整）CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, // 起始行索引（0表示表头行，1表示数据开始行）1000, // 结束行索引columnIndex, // 起始列索引columnIndex  // 结束列索引);// 创建数据验证并应用到工作表DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);// 设置错误提示if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);} else {dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);}sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);}}
}

3.4  边框类

package com.ruoyi.common.security.utils;import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Head;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.data.WriteCellData;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.handler.CellWriteHandler;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteSheetHolder;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteTableHolder;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.style.AbstractCellStyleStrategy;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;public class BorderStyleHandler implements CellWriteHandler {private void setBorderStyle(Cell cell) {if (cell == null) {return;}// 现在可以正确调用 POI Cell 的 getSheet() 方法Sheet sheet = cell.getSheet();if (sheet == null) {return;}Workbook workbook = sheet.getWorkbook();CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();// 设置边框样式cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);// 设置边框颜色cellStyle.setTopBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());cellStyle.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());cellStyle.setLeftBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());cellStyle.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);}// 其他接口方法实现...@Overridepublic void afterCellDispose(WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder, WriteTableHolder writeTableHolder,List<WriteCellData<?>> cellDataList, Cell cell, Head head,Integer relativeRowIndex, Boolean isHead) {setBorderStyle(cell);}
}

3.5 列宽设定类

package com.ruoyi.common.security.utils;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.handler.SheetWriteHandler;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteSheetHolder;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteWorkbookHolder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** 正确实现 SheetWriteHandler 接口（而非 WriteHandler 的子接口）* 适配 easyexcel-core:3.3.4 版本*/
public class FixedColumnWidthHandler implements SheetWriteHandler {private static final int DEFAULT_COLUMN_WIDTH = 15;/*** 存储每列宽度（单位：1/256 字符宽度，EasyExcel 底层单位）*/private final List<Integer> columnWidths = new ArrayList<>();/*** 添加列宽配置* @param columnIndex 列索引（从0开始）* @param width 列宽（单位：字符）*/public void addColumnWidth(int columnIndex, int width) {// 确保列表容量足够，避免索引越界while (columnWidths.size() <= columnIndex) {columnWidths.add(DEFAULT_COLUMN_WIDTH * 256); // 默认宽度转底层单位}columnWidths.set(columnIndex, width * 256); // 传入宽度转底层单位}/*** 工作表创建前触发（无需处理）*/@Overridepublic void beforeSheetCreate(WriteWorkbookHolder writeWorkbookHolder, WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder) {// 空实现}/*** 工作表创建后触发（核心：设置列宽）*/@Overridepublic void afterSheetCreate(WriteWorkbookHolder writeWorkbookHolder, WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder) {// 遍历设置每列宽度for (int i = 0; i < columnWidths.size(); i++) {writeSheetHolder.getSheet().setColumnWidth(i, columnWidths.get(i));}}
}

3.6 表头高度类

package com.ruoyi.common.security.utils;import com.alibaba.excel.write.handler.RowWriteHandler;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteSheetHolder;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.metadata.holder.WriteTableHolder;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;/*** 表头行高处理器（在表头行创建后立即设置高度）*/
public class HeaderHeightHandler implements RowWriteHandler {private final float headerHeight; // 表头行高（单位：点）// 构造方法接收表头行高参数public HeaderHeightHandler(float headerHeight) {// 确保行高不小于10点，避免过小导致不可见this.headerHeight = Math.max(headerHeight, 10f);}/*** 行创建后立即设置高度（关键修复：在此处设置表头行高）*/@Overridepublic void afterRowCreate(WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder, WriteTableHolder writeTableHolder, Row row, Integer relativeRowIndex, Boolean isHead) {// 只处理表头行（isHead为true时）if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(isHead)) {// 直接设置行高（单位：点），POI会自动转换为内部单位row.setHeightInPoints(headerHeight);}}// 其他接口方法空实现@Overridepublic void beforeRowCreate(WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder, WriteTableHolder writeTableHolder, Integer rowIndex, Integer relativeRowIndex, Boolean isHead) {}
}

3.7 导出数据模型类

package com.ruoyi.common.security.utils;public class ExceSortModelVO {private String name;private String value;private int sort;private  int width;private  String dictType;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getValue() {return value;}public void setValue(String value) {this.value = value;}public int getSort() {return sort;}public void setSort(int sort) {this.sort = sort;}public int getWidth() {return width;}public void setWidth(int width) {this.width = width;}public String getDictType() {return dictType;}public void setDictType(String dictType) {this.dictType = dictType;}
}


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