LVM基本操作
LVM基本操作
1、常用的LVM部署命令
| 功能/命令 | 物理卷管理 | 卷组管理 | 逻辑卷管理 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 扫描 | pvscan | vgscan | lvscan |
| 建立 | pvcreate | vgcreate | lvcreate |
| 显示 | pvdisplay/pvs | vgdisplay/vgs | lvdisplay/lvs |
| 删除 | pvremove | vgremove | lvremove |
| 扩展 | vgextend | lvextend | |
| 缩小 | vgreduce | lvreduce |
2、使用lsblk命令列出块设备信息
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 49G 0 part├─klas-root 253:0 0 45.1G 0 lvm /└─klas-swap 253:1 0 3.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 rom
3、把sdb、sdc创建为物理块
# 通过pvcreate可以把硬盘、分区、RAID设置为物理卷，以支持LVM
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdbPhysical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdcPhysical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.# 通过pvs、pvscan、pvdisply查看物理卷信息
[root@localhost ~]# pvsPV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree/dev/sda2 klas lvm2 a-- <49.00g 0/dev/sdb lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g/dev/sdc lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g
[root@localhost ~]# pvscanPV /dev/sda2 VG klas lvm2 [<49.00 GiB / 0 free]PV /dev/sdb lvm2 [5.00 GiB]PV /dev/sdc lvm2 [5.00 GiB]
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay--- Physical volume ---PV Name /dev/sda2VG Name klasPV Size <49.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiBAllocatable yes (but full)PE Size 4.00 MiBTotal PE 12543Free PE 0Allocated PE 12543PV UUID uEDUKJ-o4ST-oGec-Fo6H-k3XX-viri-TT8D8o"/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of "5.00 GiB"--- NEW Physical volume ---PV Name /dev/sdbVG NamePV Size 5.00 GiBAllocatable NOPE Size 0Total PE 0Free PE 0Allocated PE 0PV UUID Ln7mOE-FUd2-l7kx-IzuT-eMUB-oReW-KpweQc"/dev/sdc" is a new physical volume of "5.00 GiB"--- NEW Physical volume ---PV Name /dev/sdcVG NamePV Size 5.00 GiBAllocatable NOPE Size 0Total PE 0Free PE 0Allocated PE 0PV UUID WDrnib-beXM-Dzu0-xft2-VC6P-NmHz-4iXoFQ"/dev/sdd" is a new physical volume of "5.00 GiB"--- NEW Physical volume ---PV Name /dev/sddVG NamePV Size 5.00 GiBAllocatable NOPE Size 0Total PE 0Free PE 0Allocated PE 0PV UUID PxkBAZ-dOlJ-pyv8-f3WC-93Mk-zspw-jGYjpJ
4、创建卷组
# 通过vgcreate创建名称为storage的卷组，并且把sdb、sdc两个物理卷加进来
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate storage /dev/sdb /dev/sdcVolume group "storage" successfully created
# 通过vgs、vgscan、vgdisplay查看卷组信息
[root@localhost ~]# vgsVG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFreeklas 1 2 0 wz--n- <49.00g 0storage 2 0 0 wz--n- 9.99g 9.99g
[root@localhost ~]# vgscanFound volume group "storage" using metadata type lvm2Found volume group "klas" using metadata type lvm2
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay--- Volume group ---VG Name storageSystem IDFormat lvm2Metadata Areas 2Metadata Sequence No 1VG Access read/writeVG Status resizableMAX LV 0Cur LV 0Open LV 0Max PV 0Cur PV 2Act PV 2VG Size 9.99 GiBPE Size 4.00 MiBTotal PE 2558Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0Free PE / Size 2558 / 9.99 GiBVG UUID o3gHU2-drxj-ie6Q-b7QI-hdNI-uVG6-9wZxxd--- Volume group ---VG Name klasSystem IDFormat lvm2Metadata Areas 1Metadata Sequence No 3VG Access read/writeVG Status resizableMAX LV 0Cur LV 2Open LV 2Max PV 0Cur PV 1Act PV 1VG Size <49.00 GiBPE Size 4.00 MiBTotal PE 12543Alloc PE / Size 12543 / <49.00 GiBFree PE / Size 0 / 0VG UUID tRN4Ij-r24w-eWeN-2zkv-v6FE-e11p-akmv27
5、创建逻辑卷
# 创建一个2G大小的逻辑卷，-L 后面跟逻辑卷的大小和单位
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -n lv01 -L 2G storageLogical volume "lv01" created.# 接下来把剩余的都分给lv02
# 先通过vgdisplay 查看当前卷组还剩多少PE,把剩余的PE都分给lv02
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay storage--- Volume group ---VG Name storageSystem IDFormat lvm2Metadata Areas 2Metadata Sequence No 2VG Access read/writeVG Status resizableMAX LV 0Cur LV 1Open LV 0Max PV 0Cur PV 2Act PV 2VG Size 9.99 GiBPE Size 4.00 MiBTotal PE 2558Alloc PE / Size 512 / 2.00 GiBFree PE / Size 2046 / 7.99 GiBVG UUID o3gHU2-drxj-ie6Q-b7QI-hdNI-uVG6-9wZxxd# 把剩余的全部空间都创建为lv02逻辑卷，先查询还剩多少个空闲的PE，都分配上，-l后面跟着物理单元的个数
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -n lv02 -l 2046 storageLogical volume "lv02" created.# lvs、lvscan、lvdisplay查看逻辑卷的信息
[root@localhost ~]# lvsLV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convertroot klas -wi-ao---- <45.06gswap klas -wi-ao---- <3.94glv01 storage -wi-a----- 2.00glv02 storage -wi-a----- 7.99g
6、逻辑卷格式化
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/storage/lv01
mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
创建含有 524288 个块（每块 4k）和 131072 个inode的文件系统
文件系统UUID：4c295542-1a23-4ae7-8b23-89a6dd04f3f0
超级块的备份存储于下列块：32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912正在分配组表： 完成
正在写入inode表： 完成
创建日志（16384 个块）完成
写入超级块和文件系统账户统计信息： 已完成
7、挂载到指定目录 /data
# 临时挂载，需要永久挂载，把挂载信息写入/etc/fstab
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/storage/lv01 /data/# 永久挂载
[root@localhost ~]# echo "/dev/storage/lv01 /data ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
# 运行挂载命令
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a#查看逻辑卷的挂载情况
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 49G 0 part├─klas-root 253:0 0 45.1G 0 lvm /└─klas-swap 253:1 0 3.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
├─storage-lv01 253:2 0 2G 0 lvm /data
└─storage-lv02 253:3 0 8G 0 lvm
sdc 8:32 0 5G 0 disk
└─storage-lv02 253:3 0 8G 0 lvm
sdd 8:48 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 rom
小尾巴~~
只要有积累，就会有进步