当前位置：首页 > news >正文

聊一下java获取客户的ip

news 2025/11/7 14:45:35

有一个很基础的功能，就是需要在后端记录用户请求的ip，一般来说，项目都会使用nginx负载，需要在nginx配置中加入一些功能

location /xxx{proxy_pass http://gateway;proxy_set_header Host $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods *;add_header Access-Control-Max-Age 3600000;add_header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials true;add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin $http_origin;add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers $http_access_control_request_headers;if ($request_method = OPTIONS ) {return 200;}}

这个简单来说就是在请求头里加入X-Real-IP参数等等
然后我们的后端代码可以这样去获取

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;public String getClientIp(HttpServletRequest request) {String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For"); // 常见代理服务器传递的 IP 头if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); // Apache 代理}if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); // WebLogic 代理}if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); // 一些旧代理}if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); // 另一种代理头}if (ip == null || ip.isEmpty() || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); // 直接获取远程地址（可能是代理 IP）}// 处理多个 IP 的情况（X-Forwarded-For 可能包含多个 IP，如 "client, proxy1, proxy2"）if (ip != null && ip.contains(",")) {ip = ip.split(",")[0].trim();}return ip;
}