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JMETER+ANT接口自动化测试环境搭建实战讲解

news 2025/10/23 9:22:43

宝子们，时隔四年多，我再次执笔为文。

今天我们来讲解JMeter与Ant的环境搭建，重点介绍Ant的相关内容。考虑到大家应该已经熟悉JMeter的使用，这里就不再赘述，我会着重讲解Ant与JMeter的整合部分。下面正式开始今天的讲解内容：

1、下载并配置ant

下载地址：https://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi#Verify%20Releases

我是Windows的电脑，所以下载如下图所示zip包

2、解压下载的ant包，我放到了与jmeter同级的目录下

3、配置环境变量

①ANT_HOME（系统变量），写自己实际的路径

②CLASSPATH，添加%ANT_HOME%\lib;

③PATH，添加%ANT_HOME%\bin;

④打开CMD，输入ant -version，出现以下内容说明配置成功

4、拷贝jmeter/extras目录下的ant-jmeter-1.1.1.jar到ant安装路径lib下

5、配置ant的编译文件build.xml

我放在了jmeter下的ant_demo（自己新建的）目录下，可以根据自己的要求新建一个文件夹

build.xml内容如下所示（其中涉及到路径的地方自行修改成实际的路径，否则报错）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project name="ant-jmeter-test" default="run" basedir="."><property environment="env"/><tstamp><format property="time" pattern="yyyy_MM_dd_hh_mm" />
</tstamp><!--需要调用的jmeter目录，根据需要进行修改，本次使用的Windows路径--><property name="jmeter.home" value="D:\Program Files\apache-jmeter-5.6.3" /><property name="report.title" value="接口性能测试"/><!-- jmeter生成jtl格式的结果报告的路径--><property name="jmeter.result.jtl.dir" value="D:\Program Files\apache-jmeter-5.6.3\ant_demo\jtl" /><!-- jmeter生成html格式的结果报告的路径--><property name="jmeter.result.html.dir" value="D:\Program Files\apache-jmeter-5.6.3\ant_demo\html" /><!-- 【详细报告】jmeter生成html格式的详细报告的路径--><property name="jmeter.result.html.dir1" value="report" /><!--生成的报告的前缀--><property name="ReportName" value="接口测试汇总报告" /><property name="ReportName1" value="接口测试详细报告" /><property name="jmeter.result.jtlName" value="${jmeter.result.jtl.dir}/${ReportName}.jtl" /><property name="jmeter.result.htmlName" value="${jmeter.result.html.dir}/${ReportName}.html" /><!-- 【详细报告】详细报告的文件名--><property name="jmeter.result.htmlName1" value="${jmeter.result.html.dir1}/${ReportName1}.html" /><target name="run" ><!--antcall target-"delete" /--><antcall target="test" /><antcall target="report" /></target><target name="test"><taskdef name="jmeter" classname="org.programmerplanet.ant.taskdefs.jmeter.JMeterTask" /><jmeter jmeterhome="${jmeter.home}" resultlog="${jmeter.result.jtlName}"><!-- 声明要运行的脚本路径"*.jmx"指包含此目录下的所有jmeter脚本--><testplans dir="D:\Program Files\apache-jmeter-5.6.3\ant_demo" includes="*.jmx" /><property name="jmeter.save.saveservice.output_format" value="xml"/></jmeter></target><path id="xslt.classpath"><fileset dir="${jmeter.home}/lib" includes="xalan*.jar"/><fileset dir="${jmeter.home}/lib" includes="serializer*.jar"/></path><!--该命令为生成汇总和详细报告--><target name="report"><tstamp><format property="report.datestamp" pattern="yyy/MM/dd HH:mm" /></tstamp><xsltclasspathref="xslt.classpath"force="true"in="${jmeter.result.jtlName}"out="${jmeter.result.htmlName}"style="${jmeter.home}/extras/jmeter-results-report_21.xsl"><param name="dateReport" expression="${report.datestamp}"/></xslt><!--【详细报告】指定详细报告模板文件--><xslt 			classpathref="xslt.classpath"force="true"in="${jmeter.result.jtlName}"out="${jmeter.result.htmlName1}"style="${jmeter.home}/extras/jmeter.results.shanhe.me.xsl"><param name="dateReport" expression="$report.datestamp"/></xslt><!--因为上面生成报告的时候，不会将相关的图片也一起拷贝至日标目录，所以，需要手动拷贝--><copy todir="${jmeter.result.html.dir}"><fileset dir="${jmeter.home}/extras"><include name="collapse.png" /><include name="expand.png" /></fileset></copy><!-- 【详细报告】拷贝图片到目标日录--><copy todir="${jmeter.result.html.dir1}"><fileset dir="${jmeter.home}/extras"><include name="collapse.png" /><include name="expand.png" /></fileset></copy></target>
</project>

6、配置jmeter的全局配置文件bin/jmeter.properties，以下三处找到放开对应修改即可：

①jmeter.save.saveservice.output_format=xml

②jmeter.save.saveservice.response_data=true

③jmeter.save.saveservice.samplerData=true

7、添加配置文件jmeter.results.shanhe.me.xsl到extras目录下，该文件为报告提供模板，如果你的jmeter跟我一样没有这个文件（jmeter/extras下检查下有没有），那么可以新建一个文件，名字就是上边的

这个xsl文件的内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"><xsl:output method="html" indent="no" encoding="UTF-8" doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"/><xsl:strip-space elements="*"/><xsl:template match="/testResults"><html lang="en"><head><meta name="Author" content="shanhe.me"/><title>JMeter Test Results</title><style type="text/css"><![CDATA[* { margin: 0; padding: 0 }html, body { width: 100%; height: 100%; background: #b4b4b4; font-size: 12px }table { border: none; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed }td { vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 12px }#left-panel { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 300px; overflow: auto; background: #dee4ea }#left-panel li.navigation { font-weight: bold; cursor: default; color: #9da8b2; line-height: 18px; background-position: 12px 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; padding: 0 0 0 25px; background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAkAAAAICAYAAAArzdW1AAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB9sDEBQqGbO7BEcAAAAdaVRYdENvbW1lbnQAAAAAAENyZWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBHSU1QZC5lBwAAAKRJREFUGNN1zM0KgkAYheF3RvtXSsGyWhRNaILS7bdt11W0KgJvoPwZp0UlBPUtz3nOJw7Hk7necv5dOA2Qaazo2vZP0LEt9olCVtqQROufKNmuqBuBNAYW4QzXGX6B0bDPcjGnMQYJ8Cg12U59oSzaUJQa4IUAXMclDHwAAn/MxPMw765FZd2QRgopBWmsKCrdfhXnS/4ZYElBXdyxewN008Y8AephLAkqz613AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC) }#left-panel li.success { color: #565b60 }#left-panel li.failure { color: red }#left-panel li { list-style: none; color: black; cursor: pointer }#left-panel li.selected { background-repeat: repeat-x; color: white; background: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAUCAYAAABMDlehAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB9sDEBQxLTs5O2gAAAAdaVRYdENvbW1lbnQAAAAAAENyZWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBHSU1QZC5lBwAAAEdJREFUCNc1y7ERgEAMA0GNUhIyGqM2uqKgtyWZhE9v53A/7/A6D7BkMDNgy2AroB2wHTCZv5UMOgFLG1bvd7XBckBlwCXjA5wMOF5iOX/MAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC) }#left-panel div { line-height: 20px; background-position: 25px 3px; background-repeat: no-repeat; padding: 0 0 0 45px }#left-panel div.success { background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,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) }#left-panel div.failure { background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,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) }#left-panel div.detail { display: none }#right-panel { position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 301px; overflow: auto; background: white }#right-panel .group { font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; padding: 0 0 0 18px; counter-reset: assertion; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAQCAYAAADXnxW3AAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB9sDEBUkDq8pxjkAAAAdaVRYdENvbW1lbnQAAAAAAENyZWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBHSU1QZC5lBwAAADdJREFUCNdVxrERwDAMAzGK0v47eS6Z927SpMFBAAbkvSvnRk5+7K5cVfLMyN39bWakJAjA5xw9R94jN3tVhVEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=) }#right-panel .zebra { background-repeat: repeat; padding: 0 0 0 18px; background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAmCAYAAAAFvPEHAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB9sDEBYWFlNztEcAAAAdaVRYdENvbW1lbnQAAAAAAENyZWF0ZWQgd2l0aCBHSU1QZC5lBwAAABdJREFUCNdjYKAtePv5338mBgYGBpoQAGy1BAJlb/y6AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC) }#right-panel .data { line-height: 19px; white-space: nowrap }#right-panel pre.data { white-space: pre }#right-panel tbody.failure { color: red }#right-panel td.key { min-width: 108px }#right-panel td.delimiter { min-width: 18px }#right-panel td.assertion:before { counter-increment: assertion; content: counter(assertion) ". " }#right-panel td.assertion { color: black }#right-panel .trail { border-top: 1px solid #b4b4b4 }]]></style><script type="text/javascript"><![CDATA[var onclick_li = (function() {var last_selected = null;return function(li) {if( last_selected == li )return;if( last_selected )last_selected.className = "";last_selected = li;last_selected.className = "selected";document.getElementById("right-panel").innerHTML = last_selected.firstChild.nextSibling.innerHTML;return false;};})();var patch_timestamp = function() {var spans = document.getElementsByTagName("span");var len = spans.length;for( var i = 0; i < len; ++i ) {var span = spans[i];if( "patch_timestamp" == span.className )span.innerHTML = new Date( parseInt( span.innerHTML ) );}};var patch_navigation_class = (function() {var set_class = function(el, flag) {if(el) {el.className += flag ? " success" : " failure";}};var traverse = function(el, group_el, flag) {while(1) {if(el) {if(el.className == 'navigation') {set_class(group_el, flag);group_el = el;flag = true;} else {var o = el.firstChild;o = o ? o.className : null;flag = flag ? (o == 'success') : false;}el = el.nextSibling;} else {set_class(group_el, flag);break;}}};return function() {var o = document.getElementById("result-list");o = o ? o.firstChild : null;if(o)traverse(o, null, true);};})();window.onload = function() {patch_timestamp();patch_navigation_class();var o = document.getElementById("result-list");o = o ? o.firstChild : null;o = o ? o.nextSibling : null;if(o)onclick_li(o);};]]></script></head><body><div id="left-panel"><ol id="result-list"><xsl:for-each select="*"><!-- group with the previous sibling --><xsl:if test="position() = 1 or @tn != preceding-sibling::*[1]/@tn"><li class="navigation">Thread: <xsl:value-of select="@tn"/></li></xsl:if><li onclick="return onclick_li(this);"><div><xsl:attribute name="class"><xsl:choose><xsl:when test="@s = 'true'">success</xsl:when><xsl:otherwise>failure</xsl:otherwise></xsl:choose></xsl:attribute><xsl:value-of select="@lb"/></div><div class="detail"><div class="group">Sampler</div><div class="zebra"><table><tr><td class="data key">Thread Name</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@tn"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Timestamp</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><span class="patch_timestamp"><xsl:value-of select="@ts"/></span></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Time</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@t"/> ms</td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Latency</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@lt"/> ms</td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Bytes</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@by"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Sample Count</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@sc"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Error Count</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@ec"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Response Code</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@rc"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Response Message</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="@rm"/></td></tr></table></div><div class="trail"></div><xsl:if test="count(assertionResult) &gt; 0"><div class="group">Assertion</div><div class="zebra"><table><xsl:for-each select="assertionResult"><tbody><xsl:attribute name="class"><xsl:choose><xsl:when test="failure = 'true'">failure</xsl:when><xsl:when test="error = 'true'">failure</xsl:when></xsl:choose></xsl:attribute><tr><td class="data assertion" colspan="3"><xsl:value-of select="name"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Failure</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="failure"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Error</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="error"/></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Failure Message</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><xsl:value-of select="failureMessage"/></td></tr></tbody></xsl:for-each></table></div><div class="trail"></div></xsl:if><div class="group">Request</div><div class="zebra"><table><tr><td class="data key">Method/Url</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><pre class="data"><xsl:value-of select="method"/><xsl:text> </xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="java.net.URL"/></pre></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Query String</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><pre class="data"><xsl:value-of select="queryString"/></pre></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Cookies</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><pre class="data"><xsl:value-of select="cookies"/></pre></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Request Headers</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><pre class="data"><xsl:value-of select="requestHeader"/></pre></td></tr></table></div><div class="trail"></div><div class="group">Response</div><div class="zebra"><table><tr><td class="data key">Response Headers</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><pre class="data"><xsl:value-of select="responseHeader"/></pre></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Response Data</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><pre class="data"><xsl:value-of select="responseData"/></pre></td></tr><tr><td class="data key">Response File</td><td class="data delimiter">:</td><td class="data"><pre class="data"><xsl:value-of select="responseFile"/></pre></td></tr></table></div><div class="trail"></div></div></li></xsl:for-each></ol></div><div id="right-panel"></div></body></html></xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

8、完成以上操作后，咱们打开命令行，进入到上边提到的ant_demo目录下，运行ant -f build.xml

如下图所示表示配置成功（当然你的内容可能与我截图的有所区别，原因是咱们的主角jmx文件还没登场，别急，继续往下看）：