远程服务器Mysql环境的配置

1.首先查看是否安装了Mysql

mysql --version

如果出现

Command 'mysql' not found

则没有安装

如果不是这个结果，则可以根据出现的文件名，使用rpm -e xxx(xxx为文件全名)命令一个个删除掉。

2.安装Mysql

1. 添加MySQL官方Yum仓库

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

2. 安装MySQL服务器

sudo yum install mysql-community-server

因为我已经安装过，所以显示Nothing to do。但是看到Complete字样就算是安装成功了。

3. 启动MySQL服务

sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld

4.查看Mysql用户

groups mysql

如果没有的话就添加：

groupadd mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5.赋予权限

创建数据目录并设置权限

mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql

设置MySQL相关目录权限

chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql
chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql-files
chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql-keyring

6.修改配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid# 服务器字符集设置
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci# 连接字符集设置
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'# 强制客户端使用服务器字符集
skip-character-set-client-handshake# 其他字符集相关设置
character-set-filesystem=utf8mb4# 客户端设置
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

7.初始化

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql

8. 查看初始密码

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

@Localhost：后面的就是初始密码了

9.登录

mysql -u root -p

随后输入初始密码

输入密码是不会显示出来的，自信输入即可

登陆成功后修改密码：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';

随后刷新权限

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

随后退出

EXIT;

最后：

Mysql的数据目录默认安装在/var/lib/mysql/

配置文件在/etc/my.cnf

想查看相关路径可以使用

mysql -e "SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name LIKE '%dir%';"