【Linux】 Ubuntu 开发环境极速搭建
Ubuntu 开发环境极速搭建
2025-10-05 测试通过 | Ubuntu 22.04 / Debian 12 / Mint 21/ element-os
1. JDK 1.8(Oracle 官方 tar.gz)
# 华为镜像(官方同步,免登录)
wget -q https://repo.huaweicloud.com/java/jdk/8u202-b08/jdk-8u202-linux-x64.tar.gz
sudo mkdir -p /opt/java
sudo tar -xzf jdk-8u202-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/java --strip-components=1
配置环境变量(~/.bashrc
或 ~/.zshrc
):
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/java
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
立即生效:
source ~/.bashrc
java -version # 应显示 1.8.0_432
2. IntelliJ IDEA(官网社区版)
wget -q https://download.jetbrains.com/idea/ideaIC-2023.3.4.tar.gz
sudo mkdir -p /opt/jetbrains
sudo tar -xzf ideaIC-2023.3.4.tar.gz -C /opt/jetbrains --strip-components=1
echo 'export PATH=/opt/jetbrains/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
3. VS Code(官方 deb 源)
wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/vscode.gpg
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y code
4. Git 安装 & 最小配置
sudo apt install -y git
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "you@example.com" -q -N ""
5. Google Chrome(一键)
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt install -y ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
6.Maven 3.6.1 极速安装(迷你版)
# 1. 下载 & 解压
wget -q https://archive.apache.org/dist/maven/maven-3/3.6.1/binaries/apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz
sudo mkdir -p /opt/maven
sudo tar -xzf apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/maven --strip-components=1# 2. 配置环境变量
echo 'export MAVEN_HOME=/opt/maven' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc# 3. 验证
mvn -v # Apache Maven 3.6.1
完成,开箱即用。
至此,JDK1.8 + IDEA + VS Code + Git + Chrome +Maven全部就位,开箱即用。