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如何让大模型理解用户意图，并且调用工具？

news 2025/10/1 9:01:30

目前可以通过spring ai连接大模型，使用模型的能力，理解用户意图，并且调用工具。

一、增加组件

修改pom.xml文件，增加相关组件

		<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud.ai</groupId><artifactId>spring-ai-alibaba-starter</artifactId><version>1.0.0-M6.1</version></dependency>

二、增加配置

修改application.yml文件，增加配置

以下为阿里云百练平台申请API KEY地址

https://bailian.console.aliyun.com/?tab=model#/api-key

spring:ai:dashscope:api-key: 123456 # 替换申请的KEYopenai:chat:options:model: qwen-plustemperature: 0.7api-key: 123456 # 替换申请的KEYbase-url: https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode

三、增加ChatConfig

@Configuration
public class ChatConfig {@Beanpublic ChatClient chatClient(ChatModel chatModel, ChatMemory chatMemory) {return ChatClient.builder(chatModel).build();}
}

四、增加工具

@Description，提示语很重要

@Component
public class UserStatisticsFunction {final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());@AutowiredUserStatisticsService userStatisticsService;@Bean@Description("根据日期查询用户统计数据")public Function<LocalDate, UserStatisticsEntity> queryUserStatisticsByDate() {return date -> {logger.info("Function queryUserStatisticsByDate,date={}", date);DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd");String dateString = date.format(formatter);logger.info("Function queryUserStatisticsByDate,dateString={}", dateString);UserStatisticsEntity entity = this.userStatisticsService.queryUserStatisticsByDate(dateString);if (entity == null) {return null;}return entity;};}
}

五、增加接口

把工具关联到chatClient，让大模型评估是否需要调用工具

	@PostMapping("/chat")public ResponseEntity<Object> chat(@RequestBody ChatDto chatDto) {try {logger.info("@RequestBody={}", chatDto);String result = this.chatClient.prompt().user(chatDto.getContent()).tools("queryUserStatisticsByDate").call().content();logger.info("result={}", result);return ResponseEntity.ok(ResponseDto.success("ok", result));} catch (Exception e) {return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(ResponseDto.error(e.getMessage()));}}