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centos7安装oracle19c流程（自用）

news 2025/8/23 12:50:50

部署参考连接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42924611/article/details/147573426

一、下载软件包
1、Oracle19C

https://www.oracle.com/cn/database/technologies/oracle-database-software-downloads.html#db_ee

二、安装准备
1、关闭防火墙

#关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service# 禁止防火墙开机启动
systemctl disable firewalld.service# 查看防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld.service

2、关闭selinux


# 暂时关闭selinux
setenforce 0
# 编辑文件
vi /etc/selinux/config
# 修改内容
SELINUX=disabled

3、配置内核参数和系统参数

vi /etc/sysctl.confcat /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

4、应用新内核

sysctl -p

5、配置用户限制

vi /etc/security/limits.confcat /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft stack 10240

7、创建Oracle用户和组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
#编辑用户密码
passwd oracle

8、创建目录并赋权

# 创建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_home
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory# 子目录归属oracle用户
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory/
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle# 解压Oracle 19c
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1# 归属oracle用户
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1

9、配置oracle环境变量（切换至oracle用户）

vim ~/.bash_profileexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LANG=Csource ~/.bash_profile

10、配置静默安装oracle19c（推荐服务器场景）

#进入安装脚本目录
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/install/response#备份脚本
mv db_install.rsp db_install.rspbak#编辑脚本
vi db_install.rsp#修改db_install.rsp文件中的以下相关配置（关键）oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backupdba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

11、执行静默安装

cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
./runInstaller -silent -responseFile //u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq

12、运行root脚本

su - root 
bash /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
bash /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

13、创建数据库（第一次启动需要）

#进入bin目录
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin#执行创建数据库命令
./dbca -silent -createDatabase \-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \-gdbname ORCLCDB -sid ORCLCDB \-responseFile NO_VALUE \-characterSet AL32UTF8 \-sysPassword Oracle123 \-systemPassword Oracle123 \-createAsContainerDatabase true \-numberOfPDBs 1 \-pdbName ORCLPDB1 \-pdbAdminPassword Oracle123 \-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \-automaticMemoryManagement false \-totalMemory 2048 \-storageType FS \-datafileDestination /u01/app/oracle/oradata \-redoLogFileSize 200 \-emConfiguration NONE \-ignorePreReqs

14、启动服务

## 启动监听
lsnrctl start
sqlplus /nolog
connect /as sysdba
## 启动数据实例
startup

15、配置开机自启

vim /etc/oratabcat /etc/oratab
ORCL:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1:Y # N改成Yvim /etc/systemd/system/oracle.servicecat /etc/systemd/system/oracle.service
[Unit]
Description=Oracle Database and Listener
After=network.target[Service]
Type=forking
User=oracle
Group=oinstall
# 显式设置环境变量（避免依赖.bash_profile）
Environment="ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.000/db_home"
Environment="ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB "
Environment="PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin"ExecStartPre=/bin/bash -c "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl status || /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_home/bin/lsnrctl start"
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1"
ExecStop=/bin/bash -c "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl stop && /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1"Restart=on-abort
TimeoutSec=300[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target# 重新加载并启动服务
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl stop oracle.service   # 确保停止残留进程
# sudo pkill -9 -u oracle -f "ora_"   # 强制清理Oracle相关进程
sudo systemctl start oracle.service
sudo systemctl enable oracle.service   # 设置开机自启
sudo systemctl status oracle.service

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