c# winform 调用 海康威视工业相机（又全又细又简洁）

1.准备一个海康相机

从垃圾桶里翻出来一个USB口相机。

2.下载MVS 和SDK

海康机器人-机器视觉-下载中心

mvs：

sdk：

用MVS 调试一下，能连接就行。

海康威视相机，MVS连接成功，但无图像怎么办？-CSDN博客

3.打开VS，创建一个新项目

添加引用，点击浏览，找到  MvCameraControl.Net.dll。

MvCameraControl.Net.dll文件，在MVS的安装目录，路径：MVS\MVS\Development\DotNet

注意根据c#

选择win32 win64 还是anycpu。

在form1.cs中using MvCamCtrl.NET;

然后添加一些控件

定义枚举相机函数，把他放到 “寻找相机”事件中

然后，把枚举的相机 都写入 下拉框。

此阶段代码如下：

form1.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using MvCamCtrl.NET;namespace test_HKCamera
{public partial class Form1 : Form{MyCamera device = new MyCamera();public static MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO_LIST stDevList = new MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO_LIST();public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}public List<string> ListDevices()//枚举相机{List<string> result = new List<string>();/**/if (MyCamera.MV_OK != MyCamera.MV_CC_EnumDevices_NET(MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE | MyCamera.MV_USB_DEVICE, ref stDevList)){MessageBox.Show("枚举设备失败");return null;}if (0 == stDevList.nDeviceNum){//  MessageBox.Show("未找到设备");return null;}MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO stDevInfo;for (int i = 0; i < stDevList.nDeviceNum; i++){stDevInfo = (MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(stDevList.pDeviceInfo[i], typeof(MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO));if (stDevInfo.nTLayerType == MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE){// 网口USB设备处理IntPtr buffer = Marshal.UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement(stDevInfo.SpecialInfo.stGigEInfo, 0);MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE_INFO gigeInfo = (MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(buffer, typeof(MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE_INFO));result.Add(gigeInfo.chSerialNumber);}else if (stDevInfo.nTLayerType == MyCamera.MV_USB_DEVICE){// USB设备处理IntPtr buffer = Marshal.UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement(stDevInfo.SpecialInfo.stUsb3VInfo, 0);MyCamera.MV_USB3_DEVICE_INFO usbInfo = (MyCamera.MV_USB3_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(buffer,typeof(MyCamera.MV_USB3_DEVICE_INFO));result.Add(usbInfo.chSerialNumber);}}return result;}private void button_find_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//寻找相机按钮{List<string> lstdevices = ListDevices();if (lstdevices == null){MessageBox.Show("无相机");}else{MessageBox.Show("已找到设备");foreach (string device in lstdevices){comboBox1.Items.Add(device);//找到的设备写入下拉框}}comboBox1.Enabled = true;}private void button_takephoto_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//拍照按钮{}}
}

form1.designer.cs

namespace test_HKCamera
{partial class Form1{/// <summary>///  Required designer variable./// </summary>private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;/// <summary>///  Clean up any resources being used./// </summary>/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>protected override void Dispose(bool disposing){if (disposing && (components != null)){components.Dispose();}base.Dispose(disposing);}#region Windows Form Designer generated code/// <summary>///  Required method for Designer support - do not modify///  the contents of this method with the code editor./// </summary>private void InitializeComponent(){button_find = new Button();comboBox1 = new ComboBox();button_takephoto = new Button();pictureBox1 = new PictureBox();((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)pictureBox1).BeginInit();SuspendLayout();// // button_find// button_find.Location = new Point(248, 178);button_find.Name = "button_find";button_find.Size = new Size(227, 98);button_find.TabIndex = 0;button_find.Text = "寻找相机";button_find.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;button_find.Click += button_find_Click;// // comboBox1// comboBox1.FormattingEnabled = true;comboBox1.Location = new Point(169, 437);comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";comboBox1.Size = new Size(400, 32);comboBox1.TabIndex = 1;// // button_takephoto// button_takephoto.Location = new Point(235, 668);button_takephoto.Name = "button_takephoto";button_takephoto.Size = new Size(240, 92);button_takephoto.TabIndex = 2;button_takephoto.Text = "拍照";button_takephoto.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;button_takephoto.Click += button_takephoto_Click;// // pictureBox1// pictureBox1.Location = new Point(698, 141);pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1";pictureBox1.Size = new Size(800, 600);pictureBox1.TabIndex = 3;pictureBox1.TabStop = false;// // Form1// AutoScaleDimensions = new SizeF(11F, 24F);AutoScaleMode = AutoScaleMode.Font;ClientSize = new Size(1597, 918);Controls.Add(pictureBox1);Controls.Add(button_takephoto);Controls.Add(comboBox1);Controls.Add(button_find);Name = "Form1";Text = "Form1";((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)pictureBox1).EndInit();ResumeLayout(false);}#endregionprivate Button button_find;private ComboBox comboBox1;private Button button_takephoto;private PictureBox pictureBox1;}
}

运行

接下来完善拍照功能。

修改button_find_Click

遍历SDK返回的原始设备列表，保存设备信息到 _deviceList

                for (int i = 0; i < stDevList.nDeviceNum; i++)
                {
                    var devInfo = (MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(
                        stDevList.pDeviceInfo[i],
                        typeof(MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)
                    );
                    _deviceList.Add(devInfo);     

增加 oneshot功能：

创建设备对象：实例化MyCamera对象，用于后续操作。

创建设备句柄：调用MV_CC_CreateDevice_NET，传入选中的设备信息，创建设备句柄。

打开设备：使用MV_CC_OpenDevice_NET以独占模式打开设备。

开始采集图像：调用MV_CC_StartGrabbing_NET启动图像采集。

获取图像参数：通过MV_CC_GetIntValue_NET获取PayloadSize，即图像数据的大小。

分配缓冲区：使用Marshal.AllocHGlobal分配非托管内存，用于存储图像数据。

获取单帧图像：调用MV_CC_GetOneFrameTimeout_NET，设置超时时间为1000毫秒，尝试获取一帧图像。

显示图像：如果成功获取图像数据，填充MV_DISPLAY_FRAME_INFO结构体，并调用MV_CC_DisplayOneFrame_NET显示图像。

释放资源：释放之前分配的非托管内存缓冲区。

finally块：确保在方法执行完毕后，无论是否发生异常，都会停止采集、关闭设备并销毁设备句柄

        public void OneShot(PictureBox pictureBox, MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO selectedDevice){MyCamera device = new MyCamera();int nRet = MyCamera.MV_OK;try{// 直接使用传入的设备信息nRet = device.MV_CC_CreateDevice_NET(ref selectedDevice);if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"创建设备失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}nRet = device.MV_CC_OpenDevice_NET(MyCamera.MV_ACCESS_Exclusive, 0);if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"打开设备失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}nRet = device.MV_CC_StartGrabbing_NET();if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"开始采集失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}// 获取图像参数MyCamera.MVCC_INTVALUE stParam = new MyCamera.MVCC_INTVALUE();nRet = device.MV_CC_GetIntValue_NET("PayloadSize", ref stParam);if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"获取图像大小失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}// 分配缓冲区IntPtr pBuf = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)stParam.nCurValue);MyCamera.MV_FRAME_OUT_INFO_EX frameInfo = new MyCamera.MV_FRAME_OUT_INFO_EX();// 获取单帧图像nRet = device.MV_CC_GetOneFrameTimeout_NET(pBuf, stParam.nCurValue, ref frameInfo, 1000);if (nRet == MyCamera.MV_OK){// 显示图像MyCamera.MV_DISPLAY_FRAME_INFO displayInfo = new MyCamera.MV_DISPLAY_FRAME_INFO{hWnd = pictureBox.Handle,pData = pBuf,nDataLen = frameInfo.nFrameLen,nWidth = frameInfo.nWidth,nHeight = frameInfo.nHeight,enPixelType = frameInfo.enPixelType};device.MV_CC_DisplayOneFrame_NET(ref displayInfo);}else{MessageBox.Show($"获取图像超时: 0x{nRet:X8}");}// 释放资源Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pBuf);}finally{// 确保资源释放if (device != null){device.MV_CC_StopGrabbing_NET();device.MV_CC_CloseDevice_NET();device.MV_CC_DestroyDevice_NET();}}}

在“拍照事件”中，传入

        private void button_takephoto_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//拍照按钮
        {
            try {
                _selectedDeviceInfo = _deviceList[comboBox1.SelectedIndex];
            } catch {
                MessageBox.Show("请选择相机");
            }
            
            OneShot(pictureBox1, _selectedDeviceInfo); // 传递设备信息
            

        }

运行后：

图像很黑，设置一下曝光

nRet = device.MV_CC_SetFloatValue_NET("ExposureTime", 15000);//设置曝光时间

运行后：

完整代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using MvCamCtrl.NET;namespace test_HKCamera
{public partial class Form1 : Form{//用于临时存储通过海康SDK枚举到的原始设备列表public static MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO_LIST stDevList = new MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO_LIST();//从下拉框 comboBox1 中选择的设备信息private MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO _selectedDeviceInfo;//保存当前枚举到的所有设备信息||下拉框 comboBox1 的选项List<MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO> _deviceList = new List<MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO>();public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}public List<string> ListDevices()//枚举相机{List<string> result = new List<string>();/**/if (MyCamera.MV_OK != MyCamera.MV_CC_EnumDevices_NET(MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE | MyCamera.MV_USB_DEVICE, ref stDevList)){MessageBox.Show("枚举设备失败");return null;}if (0 == stDevList.nDeviceNum){//  MessageBox.Show("未找到设备");return null;}MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO stDevInfo;for (int i = 0; i < stDevList.nDeviceNum; i++){stDevInfo = (MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(stDevList.pDeviceInfo[i], typeof(MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO));if (stDevInfo.nTLayerType == MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE){// 网口USB设备处理IntPtr buffer = Marshal.UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement(stDevInfo.SpecialInfo.stGigEInfo, 0);MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE_INFO gigeInfo = (MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(buffer, typeof(MyCamera.MV_GIGE_DEVICE_INFO));result.Add(gigeInfo.chSerialNumber);}else if (stDevInfo.nTLayerType == MyCamera.MV_USB_DEVICE){// USB设备处理IntPtr buffer = Marshal.UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement(stDevInfo.SpecialInfo.stUsb3VInfo, 0);MyCamera.MV_USB3_DEVICE_INFO usbInfo = (MyCamera.MV_USB3_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(buffer,typeof(MyCamera.MV_USB3_DEVICE_INFO));result.Add(usbInfo.chSerialNumber);}}return result;}public void OneShot(PictureBox pictureBox, MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO selectedDevice){MyCamera device = new MyCamera();int nRet = MyCamera.MV_OK;try{// 直接使用传入的设备信息nRet = device.MV_CC_CreateDevice_NET(ref selectedDevice);if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"创建设备失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}nRet = device.MV_CC_OpenDevice_NET(MyCamera.MV_ACCESS_Exclusive, 0);if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"打开设备失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}nRet = device.MV_CC_StartGrabbing_NET();if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"开始采集失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}//nRet = device.MV_CC_SetFloatValue_NET("ExposureTime", 15000);//设置曝光时间// 获取图像参数MyCamera.MVCC_INTVALUE stParam = new MyCamera.MVCC_INTVALUE();nRet = device.MV_CC_GetIntValue_NET("PayloadSize", ref stParam);if (nRet != MyCamera.MV_OK){MessageBox.Show($"获取图像大小失败: 0x{nRet:X8}");return;}// 分配缓冲区IntPtr pBuf = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)stParam.nCurValue);MyCamera.MV_FRAME_OUT_INFO_EX frameInfo = new MyCamera.MV_FRAME_OUT_INFO_EX();// 获取单帧图像nRet = device.MV_CC_GetOneFrameTimeout_NET(pBuf, stParam.nCurValue, ref frameInfo, 1000);if (nRet == MyCamera.MV_OK){// 显示图像MyCamera.MV_DISPLAY_FRAME_INFO displayInfo = new MyCamera.MV_DISPLAY_FRAME_INFO{hWnd = pictureBox.Handle,pData = pBuf,nDataLen = frameInfo.nFrameLen,nWidth = frameInfo.nWidth,nHeight = frameInfo.nHeight,enPixelType = frameInfo.enPixelType};device.MV_CC_DisplayOneFrame_NET(ref displayInfo);}else{MessageBox.Show($"获取图像超时: 0x{nRet:X8}");}// 释放资源Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pBuf);}finally{// 确保资源释放if (device != null){device.MV_CC_StopGrabbing_NET();device.MV_CC_CloseDevice_NET();device.MV_CC_DestroyDevice_NET();}}}private void button_find_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//寻找相机按钮{List<string> lstdevices = ListDevices();if (lstdevices == null){MessageBox.Show("无相机");}else{MessageBox.Show("已找到设备");foreach (string device in lstdevices){comboBox1.Items.Add(device);//找到的设备写入下拉框}for (int i = 0; i < stDevList.nDeviceNum; i++){var devInfo = (MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO)Marshal.PtrToStructure(stDevList.pDeviceInfo[i],typeof(MyCamera.MV_CC_DEVICE_INFO));_deviceList.Add(devInfo);                    }}comboBox1.Enabled = true;}private void button_takephoto_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//拍照按钮{try {_selectedDeviceInfo = _deviceList[comboBox1.SelectedIndex];} catch {MessageBox.Show("请选择相机");}OneShot(pictureBox1, _selectedDeviceInfo); // 传递设备信息}}
}