[Harmony]网络状态监听
权限
在module.json5中添加必要权限：
// 声明应用需要请求的权限列表
"requestPermissions": [{"name": "ohos.permission.GET_NETWORK_INFO", // 网络信息权限"reason": "$string:network_info_reason","usedScene": {"abilities": ['MFVoiceManager'],"when": "always"}},{"name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET", // 网络权限"reason": "$string:internet_reason","usedScene": {"abilities": [],"when": "always"}}
],{"name": "network_info_reason","value": "需要网络信息权限用于监听网络的变化"
},
{"name": "internet_reason","value": "需要网络权限用来网络请求"
},监听工具
/*** 网络状态监听工具类* 功能：实时监测网络连接状态及类型变化*/
import { connection } from '@kit.NetworkKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';
import ConsoleLog from '../extension/ConsoleLog';// 网络类型定义
type NetworkType = 'NONE' | 'CELLULAR' | 'WIFI' | 'ETHERNET';class NetworkMonitor {private static instance: NetworkMonitor;private netConnection?: connection.NetConnection;private listeners: Array<(status: NetworkType) => void> = [];// 单例获取static getInstance(): NetworkMonitor {if (!NetworkMonitor.instance) {NetworkMonitor.instance = new NetworkMonitor();}return NetworkMonitor.instance;}/*** 启动网络监听*/startMonitoring(): void {try {this.netConnection = connection.createNetConnection();// 注册网络状态监听this.netConnection.register((err: BusinessError) => {if (err) {ConsoleLog.error(`网络状态监听注册失败: ${err.code}-${err.message}`);} else {ConsoleLog.log('网络状态监听注册成功');}});// 监听网络可用事件this.netConnection.on('netAvailable', (data: connection.NetHandle) => {ConsoleLog.log('网络已连接');this.checkNetworkType(data);});// 监听网络断开事件this.netConnection.on('netLost', () => {ConsoleLog.log('网络已断开 - 无互联网连接');});// 监听网络不可用事件this.netConnection.on('netUnavailable', () => {ConsoleLog.log('网络不可用');});} catch (error) {ConsoleLog.error(`NetworkMonitor Initialization error: ${error}`);}}// 检查当前网络类型checkNetworkType(netHandle: connection.NetHandle) {connection.getNetCapabilities(netHandle, (error: BusinessError, data: connection.NetCapabilities) => {if (error) {ConsoleLog.error('获取网络能力失败:', JSON.stringify(error));return;}if (data && data.bearerTypes) {const networkType = this.parseBearerType(data.bearerTypes[0]);ConsoleLog.log('当前网络类型:', networkType);this.triggerListeners(true, networkType); // 触发回调}});}/*** 解析网络承载类型* @param type 网络类型编码* @returns 标准化网络类型*/private parseBearerType(type?: number): NetworkType {if (!type) return 'NONE';switch(type) {case connection.NetBearType.BEARER_CELLULAR: return 'CELLULAR'; // 蜂窝网络case connection.NetBearType.BEARER_WIFI: return 'WIFI'; // Wi-Ficase connection.NetBearType.BEARER_ETHERNET: return 'ETHERNET'; // 以太网default: return 'NONE'; // 未知网络}}/*** 注册状态监听* @param callback 状态变更回调函数*/addListener(callback: (status: NetworkType) => void): void {this.listeners.push(callback);}/*** 移除状态监听* @param callback 要移除的回调函数*/removeListener(callback: Function): void {this.listeners = this.listeners.filter(cb => cb !== callback);}// 在事件处理方法中触发回调（例如netAvailable事件）private triggerListeners(isConnected: boolean, type: NetworkType) {this.listeners.forEach(cb => cb(type));}
}export const networkMonitor = NetworkMonitor.getInstance();
示例
// 窗口舞台创建回调onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void {...
networkMonitor.startMonitoring()}