英语学习5.21
Far from sensible
表示“很不明智的”、“离明智相去甚远”。这是一个固定表达,结构是 far from + adj.,意思是“根本不……”,常见例子:
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far from perfect(远非完美)
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far from acceptable(远不能接受)
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far from easy(一点也不容易)
sensible
🔤 音标:/ˈsensəbl/
📒 词性:形容词(adj.)
👉 关键词:明智的,理性的,合理的
✅ 释义:
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明智的,理智的,通情达理的
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做决定或行为时体现出清晰的判断力。
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She made a sensible decision to save money.
(她做了一个明智的决定去存钱。)
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合适的,实用的(尤指衣物等)
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Wear sensible shoes for hiking.
(穿适合徒步的鞋子。)
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【不常用】可感觉到的(= perceptible)
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There was a sensible drop in temperature.
(气温明显下降。)
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✅ 常见搭配:
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a sensible idea / decision / choice(明智的想法 / 决定 / 选择)
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sensible clothes / shoes(实用衣物 / 鞋子)
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be sensible about sth.(对某事保持理智)
✅ 例句:
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Try to be more sensible about your spending.
(在花销方面请理智些。) -
That’s a sensible approach to solving the problem.
(这是解决问题的合理方法。) -
He wore a sensible coat in the cold weather.
(他穿了一件适合冷天气的外套。)
🧠 记忆方法:
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sensible 和 sense 有关 → 有“sense”的人是“明智的”
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可与 sensitive(敏感的) 区分:
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sensible = 有理性
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sensitive = 易感情波动,或对刺激反应强
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✅ 相关对比词:
单词 | 含义 | 示例 |
---|---|---|
sensible | 明智的 | It’s not sensible to drive so fast. |
sensitive | 敏感的 | She's very sensitive to criticism. |
rational | 合理的、理性的 | He gave a rational explanation. |
reasonable | 合理的,讲道理的 | That's a reasonable price. |
cause the problem in the first place
✅ in the first place 是一个重要短语,意思是:
最初、原本(表示起因)
📍整句意思:正是这个原因最开始导致了问题。
pick up
👉 在此处的意思是 “支付(费用)”
📘 例:The company will pick up the bill.(公司会支付账单。)
in exchange for
👉 表示“作为交换”,意为“用……来换取……”
📘 例:He gave me his watch in exchange for some money.(他用手表换了一些钱。)
dictate what... will do
👉 意思是“命令/决定某人做某事”,句中是“决定学生学什么”
📘 例:The boss dictated what tasks we had to complete.(老板决定我们必须完成哪些任务。)
in this respect
✅ 意思:在这方面
📍例句:In this respect, I agree with you.(在这方面,我同意你的看法。)
be worth the money / be worth the effort
用于表达某事值得所花的钱/努力等。
be worth its cost
意思:值这个花费、物有所值
📘 例句:This phone is worth its cost.(这手机值这个价。)
either...or...
意思:要么……要么……(表示两种对立或选择)
📘 例句:Either you apologize or I’m leaving.(你要么道歉,要么我就走。)
moist
📒 词性:形容词(adj.)
👉 关键词:潮湿的、湿润的、带水分的
✅ 释义:
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微湿的,潮湿的
指略带湿气或水分,通常用于描述令人感觉舒适或适合生长环境的湿度。-
The soil is still moist from the rain.
(土壤因下雨仍然有些潮湿。)
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湿润的(常指皮肤、眼睛、嘴唇等)
描述身体部位略带水分,既不干也不湿透。-
Her eyes were moist with tears.
(她的眼睛湿润着泪水。)
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✅ 常见搭配:
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moist air(湿润的空气)
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moist skin(湿润的皮肤)
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moist cake(松软湿润的蛋糕)
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keep sth. moist(保持某物湿润)
✅ 例句:
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I like my cake moist and fluffy.
(我喜欢松软湿润的蛋糕。) -
Wipe the area with a moist cloth.
(用一块湿布擦拭这个区域。)
🧠 记忆方法:
moist = mo(摸)+ ist(“湿”的发音)→ 摸上去是湿的 → 潮湿的
也可联想:moist cake → 一块蛋糕如果不湿润,就会很干巴巴的 → moist 形容蛋糕口感好,略带水分
hoist
📒 词性:动词(v.);名词(n.)
👉 关键词:举起、吊起、升起、提升装置
✅ 释义:
(动词 v.)
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升起,吊起,举起(尤指使用绳子或机械装置)
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The workers hoisted the flag at sunrise.
(工人在日出时升起了国旗。) -
They hoisted the heavy box onto the truck.
(他们把那个沉重的箱子吊上了卡车。)
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(名词 n.)
2. 升降机,起重装置,吊架(用于举起重物)
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Use the hoist to lift the engine.
(用吊机把引擎吊起来。)
✅ 常见搭配:
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hoist a flag(升旗)
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hoist a sail(升帆)
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by one’s own petard(与 hoist 连用的固定搭配:“hoist with one's own petard”,意为“自食其果”)
✅ 例句:
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We used a crane to hoist the car out of the water.
(我们用起重机把车从水中吊了出来。) -
He hoisted himself over the wall.
(他把自己拉上了墙。) -
The hoist in the garage can lift up to 2 tons.
(车库的吊装装置可以举起两吨重。)
🧠 记忆方法:
hoist = h(“嘿”)+ oist(“抬”音)→ 嘿咻一声抬起来 → 举起、吊起
联想:hoist a flag(升旗)→ 想象在升国旗时用力拉绳子把旗帜慢慢升起
再想成语“自食其果”:hoist with one’s own petard → 原意是被自己的炸药炸到 → 自作自受
mosquito
📒 词性:名词(n.)
👉 关键词:蚊子、叮咬、传播疾病
✅ 释义:
mosquito(n.)蚊子
一种有细长身体、长腿和长嘴的飞虫,雌蚊常以吸血为生,可传播疾病,如疟疾、登革热、寨卡病毒等。
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I got bitten by a mosquito last night.
(我昨晚被蚊子咬了。)
✅ 常见搭配:
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mosquito bite(蚊子叮咬)
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mosquito repellent(驱蚊剂)
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mosquito net(蚊帐)
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mosquito coil(蚊香)
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a swarm of mosquitoes(一群蚊子)
✅ 例句:
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Mosquitoes are most active at dawn and dusk.
(蚊子在黎明和黄昏时最活跃。) -
She sprayed mosquito repellent before going camping.
(她在去露营前喷了驱蚊剂。) -
The child was scratching a mosquito bite on his arm.
(那孩子在抓胳膊上的蚊子包。)
🧠 记忆方法:
mosquito = mos(“冒死”)+ quito → 冒死也要打死它 → 因为蚊子又烦又传播疾病
还可联想:
mosquito 的 "mos" 音像“毛死” → 被咬得又痒又难受,想让蚊子“毛都死光”!
联想形象:细腿小飞虫 + 嗡嗡叫 + 喜欢叮人吸血 → mosquito
exempt
📒 词性:形容词(adj.);动词(v.)
👉 关键词:免除,豁免,免于
✅ 释义:
(形容词 adj.)
免除的,豁免的,不受影响的
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He is exempt from paying taxes this year.
(他今年免交税。)
(动词 v.)
免除,豁免(某人某事)
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The student was exempted from the final exam because of illness.
(那名学生因病被免除了期末考试。)
✅ 常见搭配:
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exempt from tax(免税)
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exempt from duty(免除责任/义务)
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exempt someone from something(免除某人某事)
✅ 例句:
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Small businesses are often exempt from certain regulations.
(小企业通常免于某些规定的限制。) -
Pregnant women may be exempted from physical training.
(孕妇可能会被免除体育锻炼。) -
This fee is exempt for students.
(这项费用对学生免除。)
🧠 记忆方法:
exempt = ex(出去)+ empt(像empty空的) → “让你出去,不受限制,空出你的义务” → 免除、豁免
联想:exempt from tax → 税务局把你“踢出去”,不让你交税!
torrent
📒 词性:名词(n.)
👉 关键词:急流,洪流,倾泻
✅ 释义:
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急流,湍流
指水流急速且力量强大的河流或水流。
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The mountain rain caused a torrent that flooded the valley.
(山雨引发了一场洪流,淹没了山谷。)
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倾泻,大量涌出(比喻用法)
指大量的东西迅速涌出,如言语、感情、信息等。
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She cried a torrent of tears.
(她哭得泪流满面。) -
A torrent of criticism poured down on the government.
(政府遭到了大量批评。)
✅ 常见搭配:
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a torrent of rain(倾盆大雨)
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a torrent of water(急流的水)
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a torrent of words(滔滔不绝的话语)
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torrent flood(洪水)
✅ 例句:
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After the storm, a torrent of water rushed down the hillside.
(暴风雨过后,一股急流顺着山坡奔涌而下。) -
The speech unleashed a torrent of applause from the audience.
(演讲引发了观众雷鸣般的掌声。)
🧠 记忆方法:
torrent = tor(托)+ rent(租)→ 想象你用力“托着”一大股水流不停地“租”下来 → 急速流动的洪流
联想:torrent rain → 倾盆大雨像河水急流一样,水不停地流下来
vibrate
📒 词性:名词(n.)
👉 关键词:急流,洪流,倾泻
✅ 释义:
-
急流,湍流
指水流急速且力量强大的河流或水流。
-
The mountain rain caused a torrent that flooded the valley.
(山雨引发了一场洪流,淹没了山谷。)
-
倾泻,大量涌出(比喻用法)
指大量的东西迅速涌出,如言语、感情、信息等。
-
She cried a torrent of tears.
(她哭得泪流满面。) -
A torrent of criticism poured down on the government.
(政府遭到了大量批评。)
✅ 常见搭配:
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a torrent of rain(倾盆大雨)
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a torrent of water(急流的水)
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a torrent of words(滔滔不绝的话语)
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torrent flood(洪水)
✅ 例句:
-
After the storm, a torrent of water rushed down the hillside.
(暴风雨过后,一股急流顺着山坡奔涌而下。) -
The speech unleashed a torrent of applause from the audience.
(演讲引发了观众雷鸣般的掌声。)
🧠 记忆方法:
torrent = tor(托)+ rent(租)→ 想象你用力“托着”一大股水流不停地“租”下来 → 急速流动的洪流
联想:torrent rain → 倾盆大雨像河水急流一样,水不停地流下来
genuine
👉 关键词:真诚、真实、诚恳
✅ 释义:
形容情感或态度真实而不虚假,发自内心,没有掺杂任何假装或做作。
✅ 例句:
She gave a genuine smile when she saw her old friend.
(当她看到老朋友时,露出了真诚的微笑。)
His apology was genuine, and I could tell he really meant it.
(他的道歉是真诚的,我能感觉到他真的很在意。)
✅ 常见搭配:
genuine emotion(真情实感)
genuine interest(真正的兴趣)
genuine concern(真诚的关心)
genuine article(真正的货色,真品)
genius
【名词】
👉 关键词:天赋、才华、杰出才能
✅ 释义:
指具有极高智力或特殊才能的人,通常在某一领域表现出超乎常人的能力。
✅ 例句:
Einstein was considered a genius for his groundbreaking work in physics.
(爱因斯坦因其在物理学上的开创性工作被认为是天才。)
She is a musical genius who can play several instruments flawlessly.
(她是一位音乐天才,能够完美演奏多种乐器。)
✅ 常见搭配:
natural genius(天生的天才)
mathematical genius(数学天才)
child genius(神童)
genius mind(天才头脑)
any time soon
意思:很快,不久
例:I don’t think he will come back any time soon.(我觉得他短期内不会回来。)