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STM32 控制 OLED 全攻略（二）：实现字符和汉字的显示

news 来源：原创 2025/5/20 17:43:17

一前言

二 OLED介绍

（一）SSD1306

（二）OLED屏幕

三显示原理+结合代码解释

1 指令---0x00

2 数据---0x40

3 初始化oled函数

4 codetab.h

四显示字符串的原理

🧾 ASCII 编码范围：

✅ OLED_ShowStr变量对照表

五汉字显示的原理

六源代码

一前言

关于oled的一些基础介绍，我可能没有别的博主写的那么详细，代码所用到的知识会跟大家写明白，主要讲解oled显示字符串和汉字的具体操作，接上一篇文章“别急着点亮 OLED，先把 STM32 的 I2C 通信搞明白”。我们进行简单的知识回顾，已知oled四个引脚：

OLED屏幕的引脚
GND	GND
VCC	5v
SCL	PB6
SDA	PB7

已知我们在oled.c中已经写了两个函数分别是

void I2C_Configuration(void)

//i2c的硬件配置
void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr, uint8_t data)

//写入i2c一个字节数据，输入参数为地址和“数据”

！！！这里的数据要打一个大大的引号，这里的数据，我会随后进行介绍，其实这里的数据其实并不是真正的数据，大家请耐心的看下去。

二 OLED介绍

（一）SSD1306

OLED是一个128*64的小灯的一个屏幕，但是如果一个引脚控制一个灯，为了控制一个OLED屏幕足足要有8000多个引脚，这显然是不可能的，所以在单片机芯片控制oled屏幕之间，加了一个芯片，这是SSD1306，OLED就是由“一个会发光的像素板 + 一个接收你指令的翻译官”构成的，而SSD1306就是翻译人的话给OLED来显示的翻译官。

（二）OLED屏幕

SSD1306把OLED的整块屏幕分成了八页，大家要知道这里的页并不是书几页的那个页。长是128，高是64，我们把高拆分成八块，每八小行128列，构成1页。Page是从0开始数一直到7，如图：

三显示原理+结合代码解释

所以为了方便函数的调用，我将下面两个命令进行函数的封装。

1 指令---0x00

在写指令前，我们都需要先把0x78（OLED的地址），发送给SSD1306芯片，随后在发送0x00，代表接下来我要写一个指令，指令1、指令2

//写命令
void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)
{I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
}

2 数据---0x40

在写数据前，同样我们也需要把0x78（OLED的地址），发送给SSD1306芯片，随后在发送0x40，代表接下来我要写数据了，这里的数据就是要让某一页的某一列的八个灯进行亮灭。

//写数据
void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data)
{I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
}

那我们这时候就要想了，那我如何告诉代码哪个位置进行写数据呢，那就是要重新创立一个起点坐标的函数：

//设置起点坐标
void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{WriteCmd(0xb0 | y);WriteCmd((x & 0xF0) >> 4 | 0x10);WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x00);
}

我们并没有写数据，所以我们要在设置起始坐标的时候，只用到写指令：

先确定页（page几） > 再确定第几列，在这个确定第几列的时候有说法，我们不能直接去确定，我们需要将0x几几拆分成高四位和低四位，低四位是0x0几，高四位是0x1几

举个例子，我现在想要找到第3页，第90列的位置为起始坐标，那么我们就需要先将3转化为unsigned char类型，0000 0011（3），这个数或上0xb0，就会写成1011 0011（0xb3）现在锁定到了第三页，随后我们再将90转化为unsigned char为0x5A，但是我们在传输的时候要把0x5A拆分成高四位：0x15，低四位：0x0A。代码的第二行也很好理解，我们要先把高四位取出来，然后再将取出来的数向右移四位，最后可以发现成为了0001 xxxx，xxxx是曾经的数，并没有改变，把格式改成了0x1几，也就是高四位的指令，低四位同理。大家慢慢写出来即可~字有点丑，大家也可以看一下我写的~~

进行上述大家需要记得东西进行总结：

【【STM32入门教程-2024】第14集如何在OLED屏幕上挥毫】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV19u4y197df/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=644dca2ea0b8f1939321da41c0f40f7f

以下的代码大家也可以看懂啦，大家可以自行看一下吧，实现了全亮或者清屏全灭

/全屏填充
void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data)
{unsigned char m, n;for (m = 0; m < 8; m++){WriteCmd(0xb0 + m);WriteCmd(0x00);WriteCmd(0x10);for (n = 0; n < 128; n++){WriteData(Fill_Data);}}
}//清屏
void OLED_CLS(void)
{OLED_Fill(0x00);
}

3 初始化oled函数

//OLED屏幕初始化
void OLED_Init(void)
{ms_delay(100);WriteCmd(0xAE); //display offWriteCmd(0x20);	//Set Memory Addressing Mode	WriteCmd(0x10);	//00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,InvalidWriteCmd(0xb0);	//Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7WriteCmd(0xc8);	//Set COM Output Scan DirectionWriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column addressWriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column addressWriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line addressWriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control registerWriteCmd(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xffWriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal displayWriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)WriteCmd(0x3F); //WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM contentWriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offsetWriteCmd(0x00); //-not offsetWriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequencyWriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratioWriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge periodWriteCmd(0x22); //WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configurationWriteCmd(0x12);WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomhWriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVccWriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enableWriteCmd(0x14); //WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}

上面这些代码大家不必深究，SSD1306的中文参考手册会给大家提供的

4 codetab.h

下面这些代码，给大家提供源代码：

const unsigned char F6x8[][6] =
{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,// sp0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2f, 0x00, 0x00,// !0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,// "0x00, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14,// #0x00, 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12,// $0x00, 0x62, 0x64, 0x08, 0x13, 0x23,// %0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,// &0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,// '0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// (0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00,// )0x00, 0x14, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x14,// *0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,// +0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x00,// ,0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,// -0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,// .0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,// /0x00, 0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,// 00x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// 10x00, 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,// 20x00, 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,// 30x00, 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,// 40x00, 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,// 50x00, 0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,// 60x00, 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,// 70x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// 80x00, 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,// 90x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// :0x00, 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// ;0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// <0x00, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// =0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08,// >0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,// ?0x00, 0x32, 0x49, 0x59, 0x51, 0x3E,// @0x00, 0x7C, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x7C,// A0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// B0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,// C0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,// D0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,// E0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01,// F0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7A,// G0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,// H0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,// I0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,// J0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// K0x00, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// L0x00, 0x7F, 0x02, 0x0C, 0x02, 0x7F,// M0x00, 0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,// N0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,// O0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,// P0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,// Q0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,// R0x00, 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,// S0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,// T0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,// U0x00, 0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,// V0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F,// W0x00, 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,// X0x00, 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07,// Y0x00, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,// Z0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00,// [0x00, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55,// 550x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00,// ]0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,// ^0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// _0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,// '0x00, 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,// a0x00, 0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// b0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,// c0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,// d0x00, 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,// e0x00, 0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,// f0x00, 0x18, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0x7C,// g0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// h0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,// i0x00, 0x40, 0x80, 0x84, 0x7D, 0x00,// j0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00,// k0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// l0x00, 0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,// m0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// n0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// o0x00, 0xFC, 0x24, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18,// p0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0xFC,// q0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,// r0x00, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,// s0x00, 0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,// t0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,// u0x00, 0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,// v0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,// w0x00, 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// x0x00, 0x1C, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x7C,// y0x00, 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,// z0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// horiz lines
};
const unsigned char F8X16[]=	  
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 00x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 10x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 20x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 30x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 40xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 50x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 60x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 70x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 80x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 90x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 100x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 110x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 120x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 130x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 140x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 150x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 160x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 170x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 180x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 190x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 200x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 210x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 220x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 230x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 240x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 250x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 260x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 270x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 280x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 290x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 300x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 310xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 320x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 330x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 340xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 350x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 360x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 370x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 380xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 390x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 400x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 410x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 420x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 430x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 440x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 450x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 460xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 470x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 480xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 490x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 500x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 510x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 520x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 530x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 540xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 550x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 560x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 570x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 580x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 590x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 600x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 610x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 620x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 630x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 640x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 650x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 660x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 670x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 680x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 690x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 700x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 710x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 720x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 730x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 740x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 750x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 760x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 770x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 780x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 790x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 800x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 810x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 820x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 830x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 840x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 850x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 860x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 870x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 880x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 890x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 900x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 910x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 920x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 930x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};

那么，如何将这个codetab.h的文件添加进去呢？

添加进去记得在oled.c文件的代码部分添加codetab的头文件哈

这个代码里面一共有两个结构体

const unsigned char F6x8[][6] //高8宽6，小字体

const unsigned char F8X16[] //高16宽8，大一点的字体

这里的高和宽很重要，高就是几行，宽就是几列（因为每一行最多128列，我们会通过这个进行计算每个发送的字符串有没有超过128列，超过了128列就不会显示）

四显示字符串的原理

void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char ch[], unsigned TextSize)
{unsigned char c = 0, i = 0, j = 0;switch (TextSize){case 1:{while (ch[j] != '\0'){c = ch[j] - 32;if (x > 126){x = 0;y++;}OLED_SetPos(x, y);for (i = 0; i < 6; i++){WriteData(F6x8[c][i]);x += 1;}j++; // 增加 j 的值}}break;case 2:{while (ch[j] != '\0'){c = ch[j] - 32;if (x > 120){x = 0;y++;}OLED_SetPos(x, y);for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i]);OLED_SetPos(x, y + 1);for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i + 8]);x += 8;j++;}}break;}
}

对于这个OLED_ShowStr函数，有四个输入参数，起始点的横坐标x + 起始点的纵坐标y + 要显示的字符串 + 字体的尺寸大一点还是小一点，字体要大一点，就写2，字体要小一点就写1

大家现在请看case1（也就是字体小一点的）这几行代码，字符串最后的结尾是\0，所以如果传输字符串里面的字符的时候，如果传输到了\0，那就跳出循环，为什么要c = ch[j] - 32;呢？？

🧠 背景知识：ASCII 与字模表的关系

🧾 ASCII 编码范围：

字符	ASCII 值
空格 `' '`	32
数字 `'0'` ~ `'9'`	48 ~ 57
大写字母 `'A'` ~ `'Z'`	65 ~ 90
小写字母 `'a'` ~ `'z'`	97 ~ 122

这里x为什么要大于126就要将x赋值成0呢？因为我们有128列，但是第一列是0，所以第128列是127，只要x等于127就让x等于0

对于SSD1306这个芯片来说，x自动加1，写完一列数据自动变到下一列。

因为你点阵数组是从 F6x8[0] 开始对应 ASCII 32（空格），所以我们要在这里减32，这里的x是几列，所以我们要进行换列

变量i有什么用呢？

每个字符是 6 列像素，每列是一个字节

F6x8[c][i] 表示第 c 个字符的第 i 列点阵数据

每显示完一个字符，我们就让j（j就是显示第几个字符）自动加1，整体字符串显示的原理就写完啦，给大家总结一下所用到的变量

✅ OLED_ShowStr变量对照表

变量名	类型	含义	示例值	作用说明
`x`	`unsigned char`	当前字符的起始列坐标（横向）	`0 ~ 127`	决定字符从哪一列开始显示，每显示一列 `x++`
`y`	`unsigned char`	当前字符的页坐标（纵向）	`0 ~ 7`	每页表示 8 行像素，16 行要跨 2 页
`ch[]`	`char[]`	要显示的字符串数组	`"HELLO"`	外部传入，用来遍历显示
`j`	`unsigned char`	当前字符串的位置索引	从 0 开始	遍历整个 `ch[]` 数组：`ch[j]` 表示当前字符
`c`	`unsigned char`	当前字符在字模数组中的索引	`'A'` → `65 - 32 = 33`	用于访问 `F6x8[c]` 或 `F8X16[c*16 + i]`
`i`	`unsigned char`	当前字符的列扫描计数器	`0~5`（F6x8），`0~7`（F8X16）	控制每列点阵的写入（写一列，x++）

case2的情况就不给大家做赘述了，简单说一下疑点：因为case2是大一点的字体，所以我们用到了高16宽8的像素点，所以我们写进去的列数据，得分两次，因为每次传进去只能传八位二进制的数，所以我们在这里需要添加两个for循环。在这里就不给大家进行过多赘述啦~

五汉字显示的原理

大家如果了解了上面显示字符串的原理，那么接下来的汉字显示就很简单啦，因为汉字的个数要比英文字母要多得多，所以我们要安装一个软件是这个——PCtoLCD2002

点进去之后，要打开选项，我们进行配置，如图：

点左下角的确定，然后输入自己想要的汉字，比方说我输入的是小宋同学，

然后生成对应的字模，然后将这些字模复制，如图：

将这些代码复制粘贴到codetab.h当中，然后我们写成如图形式：

我们的字是16*16个像素的，所以我们在写数据的时候，一次写八个数据，我们需要写两次

六源代码

大家现在给大家提供oled.c的源代码

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "SysTick.h"
#include "codetab.h"void I2C_Configuration(void)
{I2C_InitTypeDef    I2C_InitStructure;GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStructure;RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1, ENABLE);//PB6--SCL: PB7--SDAGPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);I2C_DeInit(I2C1);I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable;I2C_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit; I2C_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = 400000;I2C_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2;I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C;I2C_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x30;I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_InitStructure);I2C_Cmd(I2C1, ENABLE);
}void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr, uint8_t data)
{while (I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));  //检查I2C总线是否繁忙	I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE);           //开启I2C1while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT)); //EV5，主模式I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, OLED_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter); //发送器件地址while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED));I2C_SendData(I2C1, addr);  //寄存器地址while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING));I2C_SendData(I2C1, data);while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING));I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE);  //关闭I2C1总线
}//写命令
void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)
{I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
}//写数据
void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data)
{I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
}//OLED屏幕初始化
void OLED_Init(void)
{ms_delay(100);WriteCmd(0xAE); //display offWriteCmd(0x20);	//Set Memory Addressing Mode	WriteCmd(0x10);	//00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,InvalidWriteCmd(0xb0);	//Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7WriteCmd(0xc8);	//Set COM Output Scan DirectionWriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column addressWriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column addressWriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line addressWriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control registerWriteCmd(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xffWriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal displayWriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)WriteCmd(0x3F); //WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM contentWriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offsetWriteCmd(0x00); //-not offsetWriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequencyWriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratioWriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge periodWriteCmd(0x22); //WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configurationWriteCmd(0x12);WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomhWriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVccWriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enableWriteCmd(0x14); //WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}//设置起点坐标
void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{WriteCmd(0xb0 | y);WriteCmd((x & 0xF0) >> 4 | 0x10);WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x00);
}//全屏填充
void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data)
{unsigned char m, n;for (m = 0; m < 8; m++){WriteCmd(0xb0 + m);WriteCmd(0x00);WriteCmd(0x10);for (n = 0; n < 128; n++){WriteData(Fill_Data);}}
}//清屏
void OLED_CLS(void)
{OLED_Fill(0x00);
}//OLED打开
void OLED_ON(void)
{WriteCmd(0x8D); //设置电荷泵WriteCmd(0x14); //开启电荷泵WriteCmd(0xaf); //OLED唤醒
}//OLED关闭
void OLED_OFF(void)
{WriteCmd(0x8D); //设置电荷泵WriteCmd(0x10); //关闭电荷泵WriteCmd(0xae); //OLED关闭
}//显示字符串函数
void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char ch[], unsigned TextSize)
{unsigned char c = 0, i = 0, j = 0;switch (TextSize){case 1:{while (ch[j] != '\0'){c = ch[j] - 32;if (x > 126){x = 0;y++;}OLED_SetPos(x, y);for (i = 0; i < 6; i++){WriteData(F6x8[c][i]);x += 1;}j++; // 增加 j 的值}}break;case 2:{while (ch[j] != '\0'){c = ch[j] - 32;if (x > 120){x = 0;y++;}OLED_SetPos(x, y);for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i]);OLED_SetPos(x, y + 1);for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i + 8]);x += 8;j++;}}break;}
}void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char N)	//N表示第几个汉字
{unsigned char wm = 0;unsigned int addr = 32*N;OLED_SetPos(x,y);for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++){WriteData(F16X16[addr]);addr += 1;}OLED_SetPos(x,y+1);for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++){WriteData(F16X16[addr]);addr += 1;}}