将 Element UI 表格拖动功能提取为公共方法

为了在多个页面复用表格拖动功能，我们可以将其封装成以下两种形式的公共方法：

方案一：封装为 Vue 指令（推荐）

1. 创建指令文件 src/directives/tableDrag.js

import interact from 'interactjs';export default {inserted(el, binding) {const tableBody = el.querySelector('.el-table__body-wrapper');if (!tableBody) return;// 设置初始样式tableBody.style.cursor = 'grab';tableBody.style.userSelect = 'none';// 初始化交互interact(tableBody).draggable({modifiers: [interact.modifiers.restrictRect({restriction: 'parent'})],listeners: {start: () => {tableBody.style.cursor = 'grabbing';},move: (event) => {tableBody.scrollLeft -= event.dx * (binding.value?.damping || 1);},end: () => {tableBody.style.cursor = 'grab';}},inertia: binding.value?.inertia || true,autoScroll: binding.value?.autoScroll || true});},unbind(el) {const tableBody = el.querySelector('.el-table__body-wrapper');if (tableBody) {interact(tableBody).unset();}}
};

2. 全局注册指令 src/main.js

import tableDrag from '@/directives/tableDrag';Vue.directive('table-drag', tableDrag);

3. 在组件中使用

<template><el-tablev-table-drag="{ damping: 0.8, inertia: true }":data="tableData"style="width: max-content"border><!-- 表格列 --></el-table>
</template>

方案二：封装为混合 (Mixin)

1. 创建混入文件 src/mixins/tableDrag.js

import interact from 'interactjs';export default {methods: {initTableDrag(tableRef, options = {}) {const tableEl = this.$refs[tableRef]?.$el;if (!tableEl) return;const tableBody = tableEl.querySelector('.el-table__body-wrapper');if (!tableBody) return;// 设置样式tableBody.style.cursor = 'grab';tableBody.style.userSelect = 'none';// 初始化交互this.tableDragInteract = interact(tableBody).draggable({modifiers: [interact.modifiers.restrictRect({restriction: 'parent'})],listeners: {start: () => {tableBody.style.cursor = 'grabbing';},move: (event) => {tableBody.scrollLeft -= event.dx * (options.damping || 1);},end: () => {tableBody.style.cursor = 'grab';}},inertia: options.inertia !== false,autoScroll: options.autoScroll !== false});},destroyTableDrag(tableRef) {const tableEl = this.$refs[tableRef]?.$el;if (!tableEl) return;const tableBody = tableEl.querySelector('.el-table__body-wrapper');if (tableBody && this.tableDragInteract) {this.tableDragInteract.unset();}}},beforeDestroy() {if (this.tableDragInteract) {this.tableDragInteract.unset();}}
};

2. 在组件中使用

<template><el-tableref="myTable":data="tableData"style="width: max-content"border><!-- 表格列 --></el-table>
</template><script>
import tableDragMixin from '@/mixins/tableDrag';export default {mixins: [tableDragMixin],mounted() {this.initTableDrag('myTable', {damping: 0.7,inertia: true});}
};
</script>

方案三：封装为高阶组件

1. 创建高阶组件 src/components/DraggableTable.vue

<template><div class="table-container"><el-tableref="table"v-bind="$attrs"v-on="$listeners"style="width: max-content"><slot></slot></el-table></div>
</template><script>
import interact from 'interactjs';export default {name: 'DraggableTable',props: {damping: {type: Number,default: 1},inertia: {type: Boolean,default: true}},mounted() {this.initDrag();},beforeDestroy() {this.destroyDrag();},methods: {initDrag() {const tableBody = this.$refs.table?.$el.querySelector('.el-table__body-wrapper');if (!tableBody) return;tableBody.style.cursor = 'grab';tableBody.style.userSelect = 'none';this.interactInstance = interact(tableBody).draggable({modifiers: [interact.modifiers.restrictRect({restriction: 'parent'})],listeners: {start: () => {tableBody.style.cursor = 'grabbing';},move: (event) => {tableBody.scrollLeft -= event.dx * this.damping;},end: () => {tableBody.style.cursor = 'grab';}},inertia: this.inertia});},destroyDrag() {if (this.interactInstance) {this.interactInstance.unset();}}}
};
</script><style scoped>
.table-container {width: 100%;overflow: hidden;
}
</style>

2. 在组件中使用

<template><draggable-table:data="tableData":damping="0.8"border><el-table-column prop="date" label="日期" width="180"></el-table-column><!-- 其他列 --></draggable-table>
</template><script>
import DraggableTable from '@/components/DraggableTable';export default {components: {DraggableTable},data() {return {tableData: []}}
};
</script>

对比三种方案

方案	优点	缺点	适用场景
Vue 指令	使用简单，全局可用	配置选项较少	简单拖动需求
Mixin	灵活性高，可配置性强	需要在组件中调用方法	需要不同配置的多表格场景
高阶组件	封装彻底，使用最简洁	需要修改现有表格组件结构	新项目或可接受组件替换的场景

推荐按项目需求选择合适的方案，对于大多数项目，Vue 指令方案是最简单实用的选择。