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SQL 解析 with as

news 来源：原创 2025/5/10 6:17:14

sql的运行顺序

<select id="getTrendList"  parameterType="java.util.HashMap" resultType="java.util.Map">
        <![CDATA[
        WITH
        -- 生成连续年份列表（当前年前8年到前1年）
        year_range AS (
        SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE) - 8 + LEVEL - 1 AS INSPECTION_YEAR
        FROM DUAL
        CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 8
        ),
        -- 原始数据解析
        split_data AS (
        SELECT
        SBBH,
        EXTRACT(YEAR FROM BCJYRQ) AS INSPECTION_YEAR,
        (SELECT MIN(TO_NUMBER(REGEXP_SUBSTR(NVL(FT1, '0/0'), '\d+\.?\d*', 1, LEVEL)))
        FROM DUAL
        CONNECT BY LEVEL <= REGEXP_COUNT(NVL(FT1, '0/0'), '/') + 1
        ) AS FT1_MIN,
        (SELECT MIN(TO_NUMBER(REGEXP_SUBSTR(NVL(FT2, '0/0'), '\d+\.?\d*', 1, LEVEL)))
        FROM DUAL
        CONNECT BY LEVEL <= REGEXP_COUNT(NVL(FT2, '0/0'), '/') + 1
        ) AS FT2_MIN,
        (SELECT MIN(TO_NUMBER(REGEXP_SUBSTR(NVL(TT, '0/0'), '\d+\.?\d*', 1, LEVEL)))
        FROM DUAL
        CONNECT BY LEVEL <= REGEXP_COUNT(NVL(TT, '0/0'), '/') + 1
        ) AS TT_MIN
        FROM sbjcpg_hysb_jyxx
        WHERE
        SBBH = #{sbbh}
        AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM BCJYRQ) BETWEEN EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE) - 8 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE) - 1
        )
        -- 最终结果（左连接补全年份）
        SELECT
        #{sbbh} AS SBBH,  -- 固定设备编号
        yr.INSPECTION_YEAR AS YEAR,
        MIN(sd.FT1_MIN) AS FT1,  -- 无数据时为 NULL
        MIN(sd.FT2_MIN) AS FT2,
        MIN(sd.TT_MIN) AS TT
        FROM year_range yr
        LEFT JOIN split_data sd
        ON yr.INSPECTION_YEAR = sd.INSPECTION_YEAR
        GROUP BY yr.INSPECTION_YEAR
        ORDER BY yr.INSPECTION_YEAR
         ]]>
    </select>

with as

用时创建临时表,让代码看起来更简洁，节约性能

WITH
  cte1 AS (SELECT ... FROM ...),
  cte2 AS (SELECT ... FROM cte1 WHERE ...)
SELECT * FROM cte2;

EXTRACT

是用来提取

dual

DUAL 表是 Oracle 中一个简单但强大的工具，主要用于执行与数据表无关的快速计算、函数调用或测试。理解它的用途可以显著提升 SQL 编写的效率和灵活性。

sysdate

level

SELECT MIN(TO_NUMBER(REGEXP_SUBSTR(NVL(FT1, '0/0'), '\d+\.?\d*', 1, LEVEL)))
        FROM DUAL
        CONNECT BY LEVEL <= REGEXP_COUNT(NVL(FT1, '0/0'), '/') + 1

Oracle中的日期存储

参考链接

使用Oracle SQL查询提取日期中的年份高效技巧详解 - 云原生实践

ORACLE——EXTRACT() 截取日期时间的函数使用 - 九零大叔芭蕉 - 博客园

蓝色区域的主要逻辑

核心部分

主查询结构

SELECT
    SBBH,  -- 设备编号
    EXTRACT(YEAR FROM BCJYRQ) AS INSPECTION_YEAR,  -- 检测年份
    (子查询) AS FT1_MIN  -- 计算 FT1 字段的最小值
FROM sbjcpg_hysb_jyxx
WHERE
    SBBH = #{sbbh}  -- 筛选指定设备编号
    AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM BCJYRQ) BETWEEN 
        EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE) - 8  -- 起始年份（当前年-8）
        AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE) - 1  -- 结束年份（当前年-1）

拆解字符串并计算最小值

(
    SELECT MIN(TO_NUMBER(REGEXP_SUBSTR(NVL(FT1, '0/0'), '\d+\.?\d*', 1, LEVEL)))
    FROM DUAL
    CONNECT BY LEVEL <= REGEXP_COUNT(NVL(FT1, '0/0'), '/') + 1
) AS FT1_MIN

这个查询中用到了FT1字段，但是他只从dual表中查的，其实这是