Ubuntu 安装 MySQL

使用 DEB 安装 MySQL，从官方网站下载对应版本 DEB 包，这里我下载的是 8.1.0 版本的 MySQL。

下载并解压 TAR。

安装

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libmecab2
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-core_8.1.0-1ubuntu22.04_amd64.deb 
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-plugins_8.1.0-1ubuntu22.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i  mysql-community-client_8.1.0-1ubuntu22.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i  mysql-client_8.1.0-1ubuntu22.04_amd64.deb
 
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_8.1.0-1ubuntu22.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server-core_8.1.0-1ubuntu22.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_8.1.0-1ubuntu22.04_amd64.deb

创建用户

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH caching_sha2_password BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

修改配置

[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
port = 13306
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_bin
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
table_open_cache=128
max_connections=2000
max_connect_errors=6000
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size=1G
max_allowed_packet=256M
transaction_isolation=READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=1800
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
group_concat_max_len=1024000
skip-name-resolve

定期备份

定期备份数据库，每晚 9 点执行脚本

mysqldump -u root -p123456 db_trade | gzip > /app/backup/db_trade_$(date +%Y%m%d).sql.gz
0 21 * * * /usr/bin/mysqldump -u root -pYOURPASSWORD db_trade | /bin/gzip > /app/backup/db_trade_$(date +\%Y\%m\%d).sql.gz
# 做多保留 5 个备份文件
ls -tp /app/backup/db_trade_*.sql.gz | tail -n +6 | xargs -I {} rm -- {}

从备份中恢复

zcat /path/to/db_trade_20230315.sql.gz | mysql -u root -p db_trade