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【Docker】快速部署 Certbot 并为 Nginx 服务器配置 SSL/TLS 证书

引言

Certbot 是一个免费的开源工具，用于自动化管理和获取 SSL/TLS 证书，主要用于与 Let’s Encrypt 证书颁发机构交互。

步骤

1. Nginx 挂载 certbot 文件夹。

docker run -d \--name nginx \-p 80:80 \-p 443:443 \-v "$(pwd)/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" \-v "$(pwd)/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d" \-v "$(pwd)/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx" \-v "$(pwd)/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html" \-v "$(pwd)/certbot/www:/usr/share/certbot/www:ro" \-v "$(pwd)/certbot/ssl:/usr/share/certbot/ssl:ro" \--restart always \nginx:latest

2. 修改 Nginx 配置文件 default.conf。

server {listen       80;listen  [::]:80;server_name  example.com www.example.com;location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {root /usr/share/certbot/www;}location / {root   /usr/share/nginx/html;try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html last;index  index.html index.htm;}
}

3. 创建证书（仅需运行一次）

docker run --rm \-v "$(pwd)/www:/usr/share/certbot/www:rw" \-v "$(pwd)/ssl:/etc/letsencrypt:rw" \certbot/certbot certonly \--webroot -w /usr/share/certbot/www \-d example.com \-d www.example.com \--non-interactive \--agree-tos \--expand \-m [e-mail]

4. 修改 Nginx 配置文件 default.conf，启用 SSL 证书。

server {listen       80;listen  [::]:80;server_name  example.com www.example.com;location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {root /usr/share/certbot/www;}location / {return 301 https://$host$request_uri;}
}server {listen       443 ssl;listen  [::]:443 ssl;server_name  example.com www.example.com;ssl_certificate /usr/share/certbot/ssl/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;ssl_certificate_key /usr/share/certbot/ssl/live/example.com/privkey.pem;location / {root   /usr/share/nginx/html;try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html last;index  index.html index.htm;}
}

5. https 启用成功