Winform基础知识61-80
61. 如何实现 WinForms 应用程序的插件架构?
答案:
使用反射动态加载程序集(DLL),并通过接口实现插件机制。
示例:
public interface IPlugin
{
string Name { get; }
void Execute();
}
public class PluginManager
{
public List<IPlugin> LoadPlugins(string path)
{
var plugins = new List<IPlugin>();
foreach (var file in Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.dll"))
{
var assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom(file);
foreach (var type in assembly.GetTypes())
{
if (typeof(IPlugin).IsAssignableFrom(type))
{
var plugin = (IPlugin)Activator.CreateInstance(type);
plugins.Add(plugin);
}
}
}
return plugins;
}
}
// 插件实现
public class HelloPlugin : IPlugin
{
public string Name => "Hello Plugin";
public void Execute()
{
MessageBox.Show("Hello from Plugin!");
}
}
62. 如何动态加载程序集并调用其中的方法?
答案:
使用 Assembly.LoadFrom 加载程序集,并通过反射调用方法。
示例:
private void btnLoadAssembly_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyLibrary.dll");
var type = assembly.GetType("MyLibrary.MyClass");
var method = type.GetMethod("MyMethod");
var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
method.Invoke(instance, null);
}
63. 如何实现自定义事件并在 WinForms 中使用?
答案:
定义事件和委托,并在类中触发事件。
示例:
public class MyEventPublisher
{
public event EventHandler<MyEventArgs> MyEvent;
public void DoSomething()
{
MyEvent?.Invoke(this, new MyEventArgs { Message = "Something happened!" });
}
}
public class MyEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public string Message { get; set; }
}
// 使用
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var publisher = new MyEventPublisher();
publisher.MyEvent += Publisher_MyEvent;
publisher.DoSomething();
}
private void Publisher_MyEvent(object sender, MyEventArgs e)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
}
64. 如何实现高级数据绑定到复杂对象?
答案:
使用 BindingSource 和 INotifyPropertyChanged 实现双向数据绑定。
示例:
public class Person : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private string _name;
public string Name
{
get => _name;
set
{
_name = value;
OnPropertyChanged(nameof(Name));
}
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var person = new Person { Name = "张三" };
BindingSource bindingSource = new BindingSource();
bindingSource.DataSource = person;
textBox1.DataBindings.Add("Text", bindingSource, "Name");
}
65. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载程序集?
答案:
使用 AppDomain 动态加载和卸载程序集。
示例:
private void btnLoadAssembly_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var domain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("DynamicDomain");
var loader = (AssemblyLoader)domain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap(
typeof(AssemblyLoader).Assembly.FullName,
typeof(AssemblyLoader).FullName);
loader.LoadAssembly("MyLibrary.dll");
AppDomain.Unload(domain);
}
public class AssemblyLoader : MarshalByRefObject
{
public void LoadAssembly(string path)
{
var assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom(path);
var type = assembly.GetType("MyLibrary.MyClass");
var method = type.GetMethod("MyMethod");
var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
method.Invoke(instance, null);
}
}
66. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载用户控件?
答案:
使用 Controls.Add 和 Controls.Remove 动态加载和卸载用户控件。
示例:
private void btnLoadUserControl_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var userControl = new MyUserControl();
this.Controls.Add(userControl);
}
private void btnUnloadUserControl_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var userControl = this.Controls.Find("MyUserControl", true).FirstOrDefault();
if (userControl != null)
{
this.Controls.Remove(userControl);
}
}
67. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载窗体?
答案:
使用 Show 和 Close 方法动态加载和卸载窗体。
示例:
private void btnLoadForm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var form = new MyForm();
form.Show();
}
private void btnUnloadForm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var form = Application.OpenForms["MyForm"];
if (form != null)
{
form.Close();
}
}
68. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载资源?
答案:
使用 ResourceManager 动态加载资源。
示例:
private void btnLoadResource_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var resourceManager = new ResourceManager("MyApp.Resources", typeof(Form1).Assembly);
var image = (Bitmap)resourceManager.GetObject("MyImage");
pictureBox1.Image = image;
}
69. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载配置文件?
答案:
使用 ConfigurationManager 动态加载配置文件。
示例:
private void btnLoadConfig_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var setting = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MySetting"];
MessageBox.Show(setting);
}
70. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载数据库连接?
答案:
使用 SqlConnection 动态加载和卸载数据库连接。
示例:
private void btnLoadData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
using (var connection = new SqlConnection("YourConnectionString"))
{
connection.Open();
var command = new SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM Customers", connection);
var reader = command.ExecuteReader();
while (reader.Read())
{
listBox1.Items.Add(reader["Name"]);
}
}
}
71. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载 Web 服务?
答案:
使用 WebClient 或 HttpClient 动态加载 Web 服务数据。
示例:
private async void btnLoadWebService_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
using (var client = new HttpClient())
{
var response = await client.GetStringAsync("https://example.com/api/data");
MessageBox.Show(response);
}
}
72. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载本地存储?
答案:
使用 IsolatedStorageFile 动态加载和卸载本地存储数据。
示例:
private void btnLoadLocalStorage_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
using (var storage = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForAssembly())
{
using (var stream = new IsolatedStorageFileStream("data.txt", FileMode.Open, storage))
{
using (var reader = new StreamReader(stream))
{
MessageBox.Show(reader.ReadToEnd());
}
}
}
}
73. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载注册表数据?
答案:
使用 Registry 类动态加载和卸载注册表数据。
示例:
private void btnLoadRegistry_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var key = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey("Software\\MyApp");
if (key != null)
{
var value = key.GetValue("MySetting");
MessageBox.Show(value.ToString());
}
}
74. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载环境变量?
答案:
使用 Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable 动态加载环境变量。
示例:
private void btnLoadEnvVar_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var value = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PATH");
MessageBox.Show(value);
}
75. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载命令行参数?
答案:
使用 Environment.GetCommandLineArgs 动态加载命令行参数。
示例:
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
foreach (var arg in args)
{
listBox1.Items.Add(arg);
}
}
76. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载性能计数器?
答案:
使用 PerformanceCounter 动态加载性能计数器数据。
示例:
private void btnLoadPerformanceCounter_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var counter = new PerformanceCounter("Processor", "% Processor Time", "_Total");
MessageBox.Show(counter.NextValue().ToString());
}
77. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载日志数据?
答案:
使用 EventLog 动态加载日志数据。
示例:
private void btnLoadLog_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var log = new EventLog("Application");
foreach (EventLogEntry entry in log.Entries)
{
listBox1.Items.Add(entry.Message);
}
}
78. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载 WMI 数据?
答案:
使用 ManagementObjectSearcher 动态加载 WMI 数据。
示例:
private void btnLoadWmi_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_Processor");
foreach (var obj in searcher.Get())
{
listBox1.Items.Add(obj["Name"]);
}
}
79. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载 COM 组件?
答案:
使用 Type.GetTypeFromProgID 动态加载 COM 组件。
示例:
private void btnLoadCom_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var type = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
var excel = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
MessageBox.Show("Excel loaded!");
}
80. 如何实现控件的动态加载和卸载 ActiveX 控件?
答案:
使用 AxHost 动态加载 ActiveX 控件。
示例:
private void btnLoadActiveX_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var axHost = new AxHost("YourActiveXClsid");
this.Controls.Add(axHost);
}
