【11408学习记录】考研英语长难句精析：三步拆解真题复杂结构，轻松攻克阅读难关！

英语

每日一句

The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing — Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn , but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service , which doesn’t have any physical product at all .(2018, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)

词汇

digital economy: 数字经济
astonishing: adj. 使人吃惊的，惊人的
astonish: v. 使惊讶；使害怕
astonishment: n. 惊讶；令人惊讶的事物
purchase: v. 购买
upmarket: adj. 高端的，高级的
grocery chain: 杂货连锁店
acquire: v. 购得，得到，获得
physical product: 实体产品

第一步：找谓语

The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing — Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn , but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service , which doesn’t have any physical product at all .

第二步：断句

原句中存在4处谓语，包含4件事，其谓语分别位于以下位置：

• is 为主句谓语
• has announced 为破折号后的主句谓语
• paid 为 but 引导的转折并列句谓语
• doesn’t have 为 which 引导的定语从句谓语

按照标点、引导词以及谓语，可以将原句断开为以下分句：

• The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing — —— 主句1
• Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn , —— 主句2
• but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service , —— 转折并列句
• which doesn’t have any physical product at all . —— 定语从句

第三步：简化

主句1

The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing —

• 主句主语部分：The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy
  • 定冠词：the 修饰名词：power 与名词：ambition
  • 名词：power 与名词：ambition 通过并列连词：and 连接，共同作为主句的主语核心部分
  • 介词短语：of of the giants of the digital economy 为后置定语，修饰名词词组：the power and ambition
    • 介词短语：of the digital economy 为后置定语，修饰名词：giants
• 主句谓语部分：is 为系动词，后接表语
• 主句表语部分：astonishing — 为形容词作表语

去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：

• …… power and ambition …… is astonishing — …… 能力与野心 …… 是使人惊讶的

主句2

Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn ,

• 主句主语部分：Amazon
• 主句谓语部分：has just announced 为及物动词的现在完成时态，后接宾语
  • 副词：just 修饰动词：has announced ，表示时间
• 主句宾语部分：the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn ,
  • 定冠词：the 修饰名词：purchase
  • 名词：purchase 为主句宾语核心词
  • 介词短语：of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods 为后置定语，修饰名词：purchase 表示其具体范围
  • 介词短语：for $13.5bn , 为后置定语，修饰名词：purchase 表示价值

去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：

• Amazon has …… announced …… purchase …… —— 亚马逊已经……声明……购买……

转折并列句

but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service ,

• 并列句引导词：but 引导转折并列句，该部分与前一句为并列主句，共同解释主句1
• 主句主语部分：two years ago Facebook
  • 时间状语：two years ago 修饰句子，说明具体时间
  • 名词：Facebook 为主句主语核心词
• 主句谓语部分：paid 为及物动词，后接宾语
• 主句宾语部分：even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service
  • 副词：even 修饰句子，表示程度
  • 代词：more 为该部分宾语核心词
  • 介词短语：than that 为同位语，修饰代词：more，表示具体的比较对象
  • 非谓语动词：to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service 为目的状语，修饰句子，说明具体的目的

去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：

• but …… Facebook paid …… more …… —— 但是 …… 脸书支付了…… 更多 ……

定语从句

which doesn’t have any physical product at all .

• 从句引导词：which 引导定语从句，修饰名词：service
  • 引导词在从句中充当主语
• 从句谓语部分：doesn’t have 为及物动词的否定语态，后接宾语
• 从句宾语部分：any physical product at all .
  • 代词：any 与形容词：physical 修饰名词：product
  • 介词短语：at all 为程度状语，修饰句子，说明动作发生的程度

去掉从句扩展部分，就得到了从句核心：

• which doesn’t have …… product …… —— 服务没有…… 产品……