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一、saleor简介

Saleor 是一个 开源 Headless 电商系统 Saleor，它被用于 电子商务 等场景。Saleor 是现代堆栈上以客户为中心的电子商务。是一个无头的 GraphQL 商务平台，提供超快速、动态、个性化的购物体验。美观的在线商店，任何地方，任何设备。

二、saleor的默认启动流程

1、拉取存储库

git clone https://github.com/saleor/saleor-platform.git

2、进入目录

cd saleor-platform

3、Django迁移

docker compose run --rm api python3 manage.py migrate

4、填充数据（可选）

docker compose run --rm api python3 manage.py populatedb

5、创建账户

docker compose run --rm api python3 manage.py createsuperuser

6、运行服务

docker compose up

7、测试

浏览器访问http://IP:9000。

三、编写docker-compose.yml文件

优化目标：需要简化saleor启动，省略后续的命令，直接通过docker compose up一键启动，需要注意的是创建用户那一块需要交互式填写账户密码。

1、优化原项目

原项目在测试时出现了两个问题：

1. 创建用户后，浏览器访问http://IP:9000登录失败，按F12查看控制台，发现数据库连接的URL指向了localhost:8000，而我的容器是运行在本地虚拟机上，并不是localhost。
2. 手动访问http://IP:8000发现访问不到，查看服务器发现是请求的源IP不在白名单。
3. 需要交互式创建账户。

通过上面的问题，需要修改原来的docker-compose文件：

（1）将访问数据库的URL改为主机IP地址：在dashboard服务的环境变量指定数据库地址

  dashboard:...environment:- API_URL=http://192.168.121.14:8000/graphql/

（2）将主机IP地址加入到数据库白名单：在api服务的环境变量加上指定IP地址

  api:...environment:...- ALLOWED_HOSTS=localhost,api,192.168.121.14

（3）查询官方的github页面发现，在填充数据库的时候，加上参数 --createsuperuser 会自动创建一个[e-mail]/admin账户

docker compose run --rm api python3 manage.py populatedb --createsuperuser

修改完后，测试登录成功！

2、编写docker-compose.yaml

首先，按照常规启动流程，在 docker compose up 之前，要进行一个初始化，其中包括数据库迁移、数据填充、创建账户，创建完后删除该容器。因此我的思路是在docker-compose内再加一个init服务，用于初始化，其它服务（除开数据库）都必须等init服务启动完退出，且状态码为0时才启动。

编写init服务：

  init:image: ghcr.io/saleor/saleor:3.21restart: "no"depends_on:db:condition: service_startedredis:condition: service_startedenv_file:- common.env- backend.envvolumes:- saleor-media:/app/mediacommand: >sh -c 'if [ ! -f /app/media/init-completed ]; thenpython3 manage.py migrate &&python3 manage.py populatedb --createsuperuser &&touch /app/media/init-completed &&exit 0elseecho "init already completed" &&exit 0fi'networks:- saleor-backend-tier

其它服务（除了db和redis）依次添加启动依赖：

  api:...depends_on:db:condition: service_startedredis:condition: service_startedjaeger:condition: service_startedinit:condition: service_completed_successfully...

这里需要注意的是，depends_on的格式需要统一，所以其它三个容器我写上了condition的默认选项。

3、文件内容

docker-compose.yml文件内容：

services:init:image: ghcr.io/saleor/saleor:3.21restart: "no"depends_on:db:condition: service_startedredis:condition: service_startedenv_file:- common.env- backend.envvolumes:- saleor-media:/app/mediacommand: >sh -c 'if [ ! -f /app/media/init-completed ]; thenpython3 manage.py migrate &&python3 manage.py populatedb --createsuperuser &&touch /app/media/init-completed &&exit 0elseecho "init already completed" &&exit 0fi'networks:- saleor-backend-tierapi:image: ghcr.io/saleor/saleor:3.21ports:- 8000:8000restart: unless-stoppednetworks:- saleor-backend-tierstdin_open: truetty: truedepends_on:db:condition: service_startedredis:condition: service_startedjaeger:condition: service_startedinit:condition: service_completed_successfullyvolumes:# shared volume between worker and api for media- saleor-media:/app/mediaenv_file:- common.env- backend.envenvironment:- DASHBOARD_URL=http://localhost:9000/- ALLOWED_HOSTS=localhost,api,*dashboard:image: ghcr.io/saleor/saleor-dashboard:latestports:- 9000:80restart: unless-stoppeddepends_on:init:condition: service_completed_successfullyenvironment:- API_URL=http://192.168.121.14:8000/graphql/db:image: library/postgres:15-alpinerestart: unless-stoppednetworks:- saleor-backend-tiervolumes:- saleor-db:/var/lib/postgresql/data- ./replica_user.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/replica_user.sql:ro,zenvironment:- POSTGRES_USER=saleor- POSTGRES_PASSWORD=saleorredis:image: library/redis:7.0-alpinerestart: unless-stoppednetworks:- saleor-backend-tiervolumes:- saleor-redis:/dataworker:image: ghcr.io/saleor/saleor:3.21command: celery -A saleor --app=saleor.celeryconf:app worker --loglevel=info -Brestart: unless-stoppednetworks:- saleor-backend-tierenv_file:- common.env- backend.envdepends_on:redis:condition: service_startedmailpit:condition: service_startedinit:condition: service_completed_successfullyvolumes:# shared volume between worker and api for media- saleor-media:/app/mediajaeger:image: jaegertracing/jaegerports:- "16686:16686"- "4317:4317"- "4318:4318"restart: unless-stoppeddepends_on:init:condition: service_completed_successfullynetworks:- saleor-backend-tiervolumes:- type: tmpfstarget: /tmpmailpit:image: axllent/mailpitports:- 1025:1025 # smtp server- 8025:8025 # web ui. Visit http://localhost:8025/ to check emailsrestart: unless-stoppeddepends_on:init:condition: service_completed_successfullynetworks:- saleor-backend-tiervolumes:saleor-db:driver: localsaleor-redis:driver: localsaleor-media:networks:saleor-backend-tier:driver: bridge

4、测试服务

[root@openEuler-4 saleor-platform]# docker compose up -d
...
[root@openEuler-4 saleor-platform]# docker compose ps
NAME                          IMAGE                                    COMMAND                  SERVICE     CREATED             STATUS                       PORTS
saleor-platform-api-1         ghcr.io/saleor/saleor:3.21               "uvicorn saleor.asgi…"   api         About an hour ago   Up About an hour             0.0.0.0:8000->8000/tcp, :::8000->8000/tcp
saleor-platform-dashboard-1   ghcr.io/saleor/saleor-dashboard:latest   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   dashboard   About an hour ago   Up About an hour             0.0.0.0:9000->80/tcp, :::9000->80/tcp
saleor-platform-db-1          library/postgres:15-alpine               "docker-entrypoint.s…"   db          About an hour ago   Up About an hour             5432/tcp
saleor-platform-jaeger-1      jaegertracing/jaeger                     "/cmd/jaeger/jaeger-…"   jaeger      About an hour ago   Up About an hour             5778-5779/tcp, 9411/tcp, 13132-13133/tcp, 14250/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4317-4318->4317-4318/tcp, :::4317-4318->4317-4318/tcp, 0.0.0.0:16686->16686/tcp, :::16686->16686/tcp, 14268/tcp
saleor-platform-mailpit-1     axllent/mailpit                          "/mailpit"               mailpit     About an hour ago   Up About an hour (healthy)   0.0.0.0:1025->1025/tcp, :::1025->1025/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8025->8025/tcp, :::8025->8025/tcp, 1110/tcp
saleor-platform-redis-1       library/redis:7.0-alpine                 "docker-entrypoint.s…"   redis       About an hour ago   Up About an hour             6379/tcp
saleor-platform-worker-1      ghcr.io/saleor/saleor:3.21               "celery -A saleor --…"   worker      About an hour ago   Up About an hour             8000/tcp

其中初始化部分等待时间比较久。

再次重启服务：

[root@openEuler-4 saleor-platform]# docker compose down
[+] Running 10/10✔ Container saleor-platform-worker-1           Removed                                                                                                               7.3s✔ Container saleor-platform-api-1              Removed                                                                                                               6.6s✔ Container saleor-platform-dashboard-1        Removed                                                                                                               1.9s✔ Container saleor-platform-jaeger-1           Removed                                                                                                               1.0s✔ Container saleor-platform-mailpit-1          Removed                                                                                                               0.9s✔ Container saleor-platform-init-1             Removed                                                                                                               0.0s✔ Container saleor-platform-db-1               Removed                                                                                                               0.6s✔ Container saleor-platform-redis-1            Removed                                                                                                               0.6s✔ Network saleor-platform_default              Removed                                                                                                               0.1s✔ Network saleor-platform_saleor-backend-tier  Removed                                                                                                               0.3s
[root@openEuler-4 saleor-platform]# docker compose up -d
[+] Running 10/10✔ Network saleor-platform_default              Created                                                                                                               0.2s✔ Network saleor-platform_saleor-backend-tier  Created                                                                                                               0.2s✔ Container saleor-platform-redis-1            Started                                                                                                               1.5s✔ Container saleor-platform-db-1               Started                                                                                                               1.5s✔ Container saleor-platform-init-1             Exited                                                                                                                4.2s✔ Container saleor-platform-dashboard-1        Started                                                                                                               3.3s✔ Container saleor-platform-jaeger-1           Started                                                                                                               3.8s✔ Container saleor-platform-mailpit-1          Started                                                                                                               3.6s✔ Container saleor-platform-worker-1           Started                                                                                                               4.7s✔ Container saleor-platform-api-1              Started                                                                                                               4.9s
[root@openEuler-4 saleor-platform]#

可以看到第二次启动时，init服务不再执行脚本了。