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Tornado + Motor 微服务架构（Docker + 测试 + Kubernetes）

news 2025/10/23 7:25:00

Tornado + Motor 微服务架构（Docker + 测试 + Kubernetes）

一、项目结构

project-root/
├── docker-compose.yml
├── k8s/                    # Kubernetes 配置文件
│   ├── api-deployment.yaml
│   ├── api-service.yaml
│   ├── user-deployment.yaml
│   ├── user-service.yaml
│   ├── mongo-deployment.yaml
│   ├── mongo-service.yaml
│   └── ingress.yaml
├── common/
│   ├── config.py
│   ├── db.py
│   ├── utils.py
├── api_service/
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   ├── main.py
│   ├── handlers/
│   │   └── user_handler.py
│   ├── services/
│   │   └── user_service.py
│   └── tests/
│       └── test_user.py
├── user_service/
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   ├── main.py
│   ├── handlers/
│   │   └── user_handler.py
│   ├── services/
│   │   └── user_service.py
│   └── tests/
│       └── test_user.py
└── requirements.txt

二、核心依赖（requirements.txt）

tornado==6.4
motor==3.3.2
pytest==8.2.0
pytest-asyncio==0.24.0
requests==2.32.3

三、公共模块（common/）

config.py

import osMONGO_URI = os.getenv('MONGO_URI', 'mongodb://mongo:27017')
DB_NAME = os.getenv('DB_NAME', 'microdb')
SERVICE_NAME = os.getenv('SERVICE_NAME', 'default-service')
PORT = int(os.getenv('PORT', 8000))

db.py

from motor.motor_tornado import MotorClient
from common.config import MONGO_URI, DB_NAMEclient = MotorClient(MONGO_URI)
db = client[DB_NAME]

utils.py

import json
import tornado.webclass BaseHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):def set_default_headers(self):self.set_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')def write_json(self, data, status=200):self.set_status(status)self.write(json.dumps(data))

四、API 服务（api_service/）

Dockerfile

FROM python:3.11-slim
WORKDIR /app
COPY ../../requirements.txt ./
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
COPY . .
CMD ["python", "main.py"]

main.py

import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
from tornado.process import fork_processes
from handlers.user_handler import UserHandler
from common.config import PORTdef make_app():return tornado.web.Application([(r"/user", UserHandler),])if __name__ == '__main__':fork_processes(None)  # 多进程 workerapp = make_app()app.listen(PORT)tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()

handlers/user_handler.py

from common.utils import BaseHandler
from services.user_service import UserServiceclass UserHandler(BaseHandler):async def get(self):users = await UserService().get_all_users()self.write_json({"users": users})async def post(self):data = self.request.body.decode()result = await UserService().create_user(data)self.write_json(result)

services/user_service.py

from common.db import db
import jsonclass UserService:async def get_all_users(self):cursor = db.users.find()return [doc async for doc in cursor]async def create_user(self, data):user = json.loads(data)result = await db.users.insert_one(user)return {"_id": str(result.inserted_id)}

tests/test_user.py

import pytest
import asyncio
from services.user_service import UserService@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_create_user():service = UserService()res = await service.create_user('{"name":"test_user"}')assert "_id" in res

五、User 服务（user_service/）

结构相同，只是接口路径不同，例如 /profile。

六、Docker Compose

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.8'
services:mongo:image: mongo:6.0container_name: mongoports:- "27017:27017"api_service:build: ./api_servicecontainer_name: api_serviceenvironment:- MONGO_URI=mongodb://mongo:27017- DB_NAME=microdb- PORT=8000ports:- "8000:8000"depends_on:- mongouser_service:build: ./user_servicecontainer_name: user_serviceenvironment:- MONGO_URI=mongodb://mongo:27017- DB_NAME=microdb- PORT=8001ports:- "8001:8001"depends_on:- mongo

七、Kubernetes 配置示例（k8s/）

api-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: api-deployment
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: api-servicetemplate:metadata:labels:app: api-servicespec:containers:- name: api-serviceimage: api_service:latestports:- containerPort: 8000

api-service.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: api-service
spec:type: ClusterIPselector:app: api-serviceports:- port: 8000targetPort: 8000

ingress.yaml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:name: micro-ingress
spec:rules:- host: micro.localhttp:paths:- path: /userpathType: Prefixbackend:service:name: api-serviceport:number: 8000