minikube 的 kubernetes 入门教程-kubeSphere

KubeSphere 是在 Kubernetes 之上构建的以应用为中心的多租户容器平台，提供全栈的 IT 自动化运维的能力，简化企业的 DevOps 工作流。
KubeSphere 提供了运维友好的向导式操作界面，帮助企业快速构建一个强大和功能丰富的容器云平台。

一、安装之前准备

andy@ThinkPad:~$ kubectl get pod,svc -n kube-system
NAME                                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS       AGE
pod/coredns-5dd5756b68-zqvmp           1/1     Running   12 (10h ago)   27d
pod/etcd-minikube                      1/1     Running   12 (10h ago)   27d
pod/kube-apiserver-minikube            1/1     Running   12 (10h ago)   27d
pod/kube-controller-manager-minikube   1/1     Running   12 (10h ago)   27d
pod/kube-proxy-lnnd8                   1/1     Running   12 (10h ago)   27d
pod/kube-scheduler-minikube            1/1     Running   12 (10h ago)   27d
pod/metrics-server-7c66d45ddc-6dm2z    1/1     Running   7 (10h ago)    25h
pod/storage-provisioner                1/1     Running   25 (46s ago)   27dNAME                     TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
service/kube-dns         ClusterIP   10.96.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   27d
service/metrics-server   ClusterIP   10.100.208.149   <none>        443/TCP                  25handy@ThinkPad:~$ kubectl get storageclass
NAME                 PROVISIONER                RECLAIMPOLICY   VOLUMEBINDINGMODE   ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION   AGE
standard (default)   k8s.io/minikube-hostpath   Delete          Immediate           false                  27dandy@ThinkPad:~$ free -htotal        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            15Gi       3.2Gi       9.0Gi       186Mi       3.9Gi        12Gi
Swap:             0B          0B          0Bandy@ThinkPad:~$ kubectl top pods -n kube-system
NAME                               CPU(cores)   MEMORY(bytes)
coredns-5dd5756b68-zqvmp           3m           53Mi
etcd-minikube                      27m          269Mi
kube-apiserver-minikube            73m          308Mi
kube-controller-manager-minikube   24m          118Mi
kube-proxy-lnnd8                   1m           61Mi
kube-scheduler-minikube            4m           60Mi
metrics-server-7c66d45ddc-6dm2z    5m           52Mi
storage-provisioner                3m           10Mi

二、安装KubeSphere

$ kubectl create namespace kubesphere-system$ helm install kubesphere kubesphere/ks-installer --namespace kubesphere-system -f values.yaml
NAME: kubesphere
LAST DEPLOYED: Thu Oct  2 21:04:13 2025
NAMESPACE: kubesphere-system
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get --namespace kubesphere-system -o jsonpath="{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}" services ks-console)export NODE_IP=$(kubectl get nodes --namespace kubesphere-system-o jsonpath="{.items[0].status.addresses[0].address}")echo http://$NODE_IP:$NODE_PORT$ kubectl get pods -n kubesphere-system -w

kubesphere/ks-installer:v3.2.1 镜像不存在或已被移除（KubeSphere v3.2.1 是旧版，社区已转向 v3.4.x）。此外，KubeSphere 官方 Docker Hub 镜像源已下架（项目闭源影响），导致拉取失败。

解决方案：更换国内资源，包括：

1. Docker Hub 镜像加速器：加速从 Docker Hub 拉取镜像。
2. KubeSphere 镜像仓库替换：使用阿里云等国内镜像源替换官方镜像（registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/kubesphereio/）。
3. Helm 仓库：官方 Helm repo 已不可靠，可切换到阿里云镜像或手动下载。