双机热备旁挂组网场景实验
一.实验拓扑
二.实验需求
三.实验配置
1.二层交换配置
使用传统三层架构中MSTP+VRRP组网形式
VLAN 2--->SW3,SW4作为备份
VLAN 3--->SW4,SW3作为备份
MSTP设计--->SW3、4、5运行
实例1：VLAN 2
实例2：VLAN 3
SW3是实例1的主根，实例2的备份根；SW4是实例2的主根，实例1的备份根
IP地址规划：
SW3：
VLAN 2:192.168.2.10/24
VLAN 3:192.168.3.10/24
SW4：
VLAN 2:192.168.2.20/24
VLAN 3:192.168.3.20/24
虚拟IP：
VLAN 2:192.168.2.254/24
VLAN 3:192.168.3.254/24以交换机3为例：
[SW3]vlan batch 2 3 --- 创建VLAN
[SW3]int g 0/0/2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk --- 设置接口类型
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g 0/0/4
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]q
[SW3]stp enable --- 开启STP服务
[SW3]stp mode mstp --- STP模式为MSTP
[SW3]stp region-configuration --- STP域配置
[SW3-mst-region]region-name aa --- 域配置命名
[SW3-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2 --- 实例一映射VLAN 2
[SW3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3 --- 实例二映射VLAN 3
[SW3-mst-region]active region-configuration --- 激活配置
[SW3-mst-region]q
[SW3]stp instance 1 root primary --- 实例一做主根
[SW3]stp instance 2 root secondary --- 实例二做备份根
[SW3]int vlanif 2
[SW3-Vlanif2]ip address 192.168.2.10 24
[SW3-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254 --- 创建虚拟IP
[SW3-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120 --- 修改优先级
[SW3-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 20 --- 修改延迟时间
[SW3-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 reduced 15 --- 追踪上行接口
[SW3-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 reduced 15
[SW3-Vlanif2]q
[SW3]int vlanif 3
[SW3-Vlanif3]ip address 192.168.3.10 24
[SW3-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.3.254交换机4：
[SW4]vlan batch 2 3
[SW4]int g 0/0/2
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g 0/0/4
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW4]int g 0/0/4
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]q
[SW4]stp enable
[SW4]stp mode mstp
[SW4]stp region-configuration
[SW4-mst-region]region-name aa
[SW4-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[SW4-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3
[SW4-mst-region]act region-configuration
[SW4-mst-region]q
[SW4]stp instance 1 root secondary
[SW4]stp instance 2 root primary
[SW4]int vlanif 2
[SW4-Vlanif2]ip address 192.168.2.20 24
[SW4-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254
[SW4-Vlanif2]q
[SW4]int vlanif 3
[SW4-Vlanif3]ip address 192.168.3.20 24
[SW4-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.3.254
[SW4-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
[SW4-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 20
[SW4-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 reduced 15
[SW4-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 reduced 15交换机5：
[SW5]vlan batch 2 3
[SW5]int g 0/0/3
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 2
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int g0/0/4
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 3
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g0/0/1
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[SW5]stp enable
[SW5]stp mode mstp
[SW5]stp region-configuration
[SW5-mst-region]region-name aa
[SW5-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[SW5-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3
[SW5-mst-region]active region-configuration 2. 汇聚到核心层路由配置
进行VLAN分配
SW1-SW2：VLAN 102---10.10.2.0/24
SW1-SW3：VLAN 103---10.10.3.0/24
SW1-SW4：VLAN 104---10.10.4.0/24
SW2-SW3：VLAN 203---10.20.3.0/24
SW2-SW4：VLAN 204---10.20.4.0/24配置SW3：
[SW3]vlan batch 103 203
[SW3]int g0/0/1
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 103
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo stp enable --- 关闭STP服务
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[SW3]int g0/0/3
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 203
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]undo stp enable
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]q
[SW3]int vlanif 103
[SW3-Vlanif103]ip address 10.10.3.3 24
[SW3-Vlanif103]q
[SW3]int vlanif 203
[SW3-Vlanif203]ip address 10.20.3.3 24
[SW3-Vlanif203]q
[SW3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[SW3-ospf-1]area 0
[SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.3.3 0.0.0.0
[SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.20.3.3 0.0.0.0
[SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.10 0.0.0.0
[SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.10 0.0.0.0
[SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[SW3]ospf 1
[SW3-ospf-1]silent-interface vlanif 2
[SW3-ospf-1]silent-interface vlanif 3配置SW4：
[SW4]vlan batch 104 204
[SW4]int g 0/0/1
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 204
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/3
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 104
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]undo stp enable
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int g0/0/1
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo stp enable
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[SW4]int vlanif 104
[SW4-Vlanif104]ip address 10.10.4.4 24
[SW4-Vlanif104]q
[SW4]int vlanif 204
[SW4-Vlanif204]ip address 10.20.4.4 24
[SW4-Vlanif204]q
[SW4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[SW4-ospf-1]area 0
[SW4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.4.4 0.0.0.0
[SW4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.20.4.4 0.0.0.0
[SW4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.20 0.0.0.0
[SW4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.20 0.0.0.0
[SW4]ospf 1
[SW4-ospf-1]silent-interface vlanif 2 --- 设置静默接口
[SW4-ospf-1]silent-interface vlanif 3因为SW1和SW2需要被分割为两台设备，分别与上下行设备连接，故需要先创建VRF空间，其中GE0/0/3-GE0/0/6属于该空间接口。
配置SW1：
[sw1]ip vpn-instance VRF ---创建VRF空间
[sw1-vpn-instance-VRF]route-distinguisher 100:1 --设定RD值
[sw1-vpn-instance-VRF-af-ipv4]vpn-target 100:1 both ---设定RT值
[SW1-vpn-instance-VRF]q
[SW1]vlan batch 102 103 104
[SW1]int g0/0/5
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type a
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 103
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]undo stp enable
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int g0/0/4
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 102
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]undo stp enable
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g0/0/7
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port default vlan 104
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]undo stp enable
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]int g0/0/4
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]undo port default vlan
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]undo port trunk all vlan 1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 102
[SW1]int vlanif 102
[SW1-Vlanif102]ip address 10.10.2.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif102]ip binding vpn-instance VRF --- 将接口划入到VRF这个交换机中，在接口进行
配置之前执行
[SW1-Vlanif102]ip address 10.10.2.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif102]q
[SW1-Vlanif103]ip address 10.10.3.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif103]q
[SW1]int vlanif 104
[SW1-Vlanif104]ip binding vpn-instance VRF
[SW1-Vlanif104]ip address 10.10.4.1 24配置SW2：
[SW2]ip vpn-instance vrf
[SW2-vpn-instance-vrf]route-distinguisher 100:1
[SW2-vpn-instance-vrf-af-ipv4]vpn-target 100:1 both
[SW2]vlan batch 102 203 204
[SW2]int g0/0/6
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/6]port link-type a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/6]port default vlan 204
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/6]undo stp enable
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/6]int g0/0/7
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port link-type a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]port default vlan 203
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]undo stp enable
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/7]int g0/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 102
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo stp enable
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[SW2]int vlanif 102
[SW2-Vlanif102]ip binding vpn-instance vrf
[SW2-Vlanif102]ip address 10.10.2.2 24
[SW2-Vlanif102]q
[SW2]int vlanif 203
[SW2-Vlanif203]ip address 10.20.3.2 24
[SW2-Vlanif203]q
[SW2]int vlan 204
[SW2-Vlanif204]ip address 10.20.4.2 24配置OSPF：
SW1:
[SW1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 vpn-instance VRF
[SW1-ospf-1]area 0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.2.1 0.0.0.0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.3.1 0.0.0.0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.4.1 0.0.0.0SW2:
[SW2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 vpn-instance vrf
[SW2-ospf-1]area 0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.10.2.2 0.0.0.0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.10.3.2 0.0.0.0
[SW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.10.4.2 0.0.0.0
此时回程流量是等价路由，负载均衡，不符合来回路径一致要求。故需要进行路由干涉，使用路由 策略.
SW3：
主要流量发送给SW1，备份发给SW2 SW4：
主要流量发送给SW2，备份发给SW1 SW1：
192.168.2.0/24--->主要发送给SW3，备份给SW4 192.168.3.0/24--->主要发送给SW4，备份给SW3 SW2：
192.168.2.0/24--->主要发送给SW3，备份给SW4 192.168.3.0/24--->主要发送给SW4，备份给SW3
SW3和SW4只需要修改接口Cost数值，让SW3优选从SW1学习到的路由即可，让SW4优选从SW2学习到的路由。
SW3：
将SW3本地发送的192.168.3.0/24路由的开销值改大，192.168.2.0/24路由开销不变
通过重发布，来调用路由策略
重发布时，不要引入其他路由信息
1、抓流量
[sw3]ip ip-prefix aa permit 192.168.3.0 24
[sw3]ip ip-prefix bb permit 192.168.2.0 24
2、做策略
[sw3]route-policy aa permit node 10
[sw3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix aa
[sw3-route-policy]apply cost 5
[sw3]route-policy aa permit node 20
[sw3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix bb
3、调用
[sw3-ospf-1]import-route direct route-policy aa
SW4：
将SW4本地发送的192.168.2.0/24路由的开销值改大，192.168.3.0/24路由开销不变
通过重发布，来调用路由策略
3.VRF交换机和防火墙的路由交互
防火墙和VRF交换机各自建立一个VRRP组，且两个组之间不想管，但相互对称 。
配置思路：
FW1为主
VRRP备份组1---VRRP备份组5 VRRP备份组3---VRRP备份组7 FW2为主
VRRP备份组2---VRRP备份组6 VRRP备份组4---VRRP备份组8
VRRP备份组1：VRF使用，SW1为Master，SW2为Backup
VLAN 401---10.40.1.0/24
SW1：10.40.1.1/24
SW2：10.40.1.2/24
虚拟地址：10.40.1.100
VRRP备份组2：VRF使用，SW2为Master，SW1为Backup
VLAN 402---10.40.2.0/24
SW1：10.40.2.1/24
SW2：10.40.2.2/24
虚拟地址：10.40.2.100
VRRP备份组3：Public使用，SW1为Master，SW2为Backup
VLAN 403---10.40.3.0/24
SW1：10.40.3.1/24
SW2：10.40.3.2/24
虚拟地址：10.40.3.100
VRRP备份组4：Public使用，SW2为Master，SW1为Backup
VLAN 404---10.40.4.0/24
SW1：10.40.4.1/24
SW2：10.40.4.2/24
虚拟地址：10.40.4.100
VRRP备份组5：防火墙使用，FW1为Master，FW2为Backup
VLAN 401---10.40.1.0/24
FW1：10.40.1.10/24
FW2：10.40.1.20/24
虚拟地址：10.40.1.200
VRRP备份组6：防火墙使用，FW2为Master，FW1为Backup
VLAN 402---10.40.2.0/24
FW1：10.40.2.10/24
FW2：10.40.2.20/24
虚拟地址：10.40.2.200
VRRP备份组7：防火墙使用，FW1为Master，FW2为Backup
VLAN 403---10.40.3.0/24
FW1：10.40.3.10/24
FW2：10.40.3.20/24
虚拟地址：10.40.3.200
VRRP备份组8：防火墙使用，FW2为Master，FW1为Backup
VLAN 404---10.40.4.0/24
FW1：10.40.4.10/24
FW2：10.40.4.20/24
虚拟地址：10.40.4.200
防火墙双机热备配置
[FW1]int g 1/0/2.401
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2.401]vrrp vrid 5 virtual-ip 10.40.1.200 active
[FW1]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2.402
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2.402]vrrp vrid 6 virtual-ip 10.40.2.200 standby
[FW1]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3.403
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.403]vrrp vrid 7 virtual-ip 10.40.3.200 active [FW1]int g 1/0/3.404 [FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.404]vrrp vrid 8 virtual-ip 10.40.4.200 standby [FW1]hrp mirror session enable ---快速备份功能
[FW1]hrp interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 remote 10.10.10.2 ---定义心跳线和对端IP [FW1]hrp enable
配置SW1：
[SW1]vlan batch 401 402
[SW1]int g 0/0/3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]q
[SW1]int g0/0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 401 402
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[SW1]int g0/0/4
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 401 402
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]q
[SW1]int vlanif 401
[SW1-Vlanif401]ip address 10.40.1.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif401]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.40.1.100
[SW1-Vlanif401]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
[SW1-Vlanif401]vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 60
[SW1-Vlanif401]vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 reduced 30
[SW1-Vlanif401]q
[SW1-Vlanif402]ip binding vpn-instance VRF
[SW1-Vlanif402]ip address 10.40.2.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif402]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.40.2.100配置SW2：
[SW2]vlan batch 401 402
[SW2]int g0/0/5
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan 401 402
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int g0/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 401 402
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[SW2]int vlanif 401
[SW2-Vlanif401]ip binding vpn-instance vrf
[SW2-Vlanif401]ip address 10.40.1.2 24
[SW2-Vlanif401]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.40.1.100
[SW2-Vlanif401]q
[SW2]int vlanif 402
[SW2-Vlanif402]ip binding vpn-instance vrf
[SW2-Vlanif402]ip address 10.40.2.2 24
[SW2-Vlanif402]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.40.2.100
[SW2-Vlanif402]vrrp vrid 2 priority 120
[SW2-Vlanif402]vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode timer delay 60
[SW2-Vlanif402]vrrp vrid 2 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/4 reduced 30配置FW1：
[FW1]int g1/0/0
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address 10.10.10.1 30
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]q
[FW1]int g 0/0/0
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[FW1]int g 0/0/0.401
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.401]ip address 10.40.1.10 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.401]vlan-type dot1q 401
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.401]q
[FW1]int g0/0/0.402
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.402]ip address 10.40.2.10 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.402]vlan-type dot1q 402
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.402]q
[FW1]int g1/0/1.403
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.403]ip address 10.40.3.10 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.403]vlan-type dot1q 403
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.403]q
[FW1]int g1/0/1.404
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.404]ip address 10.40.4.10 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.404]vlan-type dot1q 404
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.404]q
[FW1]firewall zone trust
[FW1-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0.401
[FW1-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0.402
[FW1-zone-trust]q
[FW1]firewall zone untrust
[FW1-zone-untrust]add int GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.403
[FW1-zone-untrust]add int GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.404
[FW1-zone-untrust]q
[FW1]firewall zone dmz
[FW1-zone-dmz]add int g 1/0/0
[FW1-zone-dmz]q
[FW1]int g 0/0/0.401
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.401]vrrp vrid 5 virtual-ip 10.40.1.200 active
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.401]q
[FW1]int g 0/0/0.402
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.402]vrrp vrid 6 virtual-ip 10.40.2.200 standby
[FW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.402]q
[FW1]int g 1/0/1.403
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.403]vrrp vrid 7 virtual-ip 10.40.3.200 active
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.403]q
[FW1]int g 1/0/1.404
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.404]vrrp vrid 8 virtual-ip 10.40.4.200 standby
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.404]q
[FW1]hrp mirror session enable
[FW1]hrp interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/0 remote 10.10.10.2
[FW1]hrp enable
HRP_S[FW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.40.3.100
HRP_S[FW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.40.4.100 preference 70
HRP_S[FW1]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 16 10.40.1.100
HRP_M[FW1]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 16 10.40.2.100 preference 70配置FW2同理