记录一次ubuntu系统下ovito无法调用显卡驱动报错

#报错内容
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create temporary context
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform offscreen surface, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create context
Failed to create QRhi for QBackingStoreRhiSupport
QOpenGLWidget is not supported on this platform.
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create temporary context
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform offscreen surface, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create context
Failed to create QRhi for QBackingStoreRhiSupport
QOpenGLWidget is not supported on this platform.
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create temporary context
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform offscreen surface, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create context
Failed to create QRhi for QBackingStoreRhiSupport
QOpenGLWidget is not supported on this platform.
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create temporary context
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform offscreen surface, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QRhiGles2: Failed to create context
Failed to create QRhi for QBackingStoreRhiSupport
QOpenGLWidget is not supported on this platform.
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled
QOpenGLWidget: Failed to create context
QXcbIntegration: Cannot create platform OpenGL context, neither GLX nor EGL are enabled

opengl的集成包括GLX和EGL，报错原因 ovito 默认调用GLX集成，而不是EGL集成。这里ovito与系统的GLX集成不兼容。需要手动改为调用EGL集成

QT_XCB_GL_INTEGRATION=xcb_egl ovito dump.end2.lammpstrj

解决方法1_设置别名：在 shell 配置文件中添加别名：打开环境变量文件，在最后添加

alias ovito='QT_XCB_GL_INTEGRATION=xcb_egl ovito'

1. QT_XCB_GL_INTEGRATION：Qt环境变量，控制XCB（X11协议C语言绑定）的OpenGL集成方式

2. xcb_egl：指定使用EGL而不是默认的GLX来管理OpenGL

创建别名是在shell中为常用命令创建快捷方式的简单方法，适合个人使用且不需要系统级权限。

解决方法2——创立运行脚本：在脚本中设定采用EGL集成，然后把脚本的地址添加到环境变量中

新建脚本文件ovito_egl如下：

#!/bin/bash
# 设置使用EGL而不是GLX
export QT_XCB_GL_INTEGRATION=xcb_egl# 启动OVITO
exec /usr/bin/ovito "$@" #这一列写ovito运行文件的位置

将脚本文件的路径添加到环境变量----终端属土ovito_egl可运行ovito

• exec = "变成这个程序，我不再是脚本了"

• /usr/bin/ovito = "要变成的程序位置"

• "$@" = "把所有用户给的参数都传过去"