pdftk - macOS 上安装使用

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安装

PDFtk 命令行工具介绍及源码下载位于：https://www.pdflabs.com/tools/pdftk-server/

但对应在 macOS 上的make 文件已过期，不适用于新的版本。

目前最方便的安装方法是：

brew install pdftk-java

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查看帮助

$ pdftk -h
pdftk port to java 3.3.3 a Handy Tool for Manipulating PDF Documents
Copyright (c) 2017-2018 Marc Vinyals - https://gitlab.com/pdftk-java/pdftk
Copyright (c) 2003-2013 Steward and Lee, LLC.
pdftk includes a modified version of the iText library.
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Bruno Lowagie, Paulo Soares, et al.
This is free software; see the source code for copying conditions. There is
NO warranty, not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.SYNOPSISpdftk <input PDF files | - | PROMPT>[ input_pw <input PDF owner passwords | PROMPT> ][ <operation> <operation arguments> ][ output <output filename | - | PROMPT> ][ encrypt_40bit | encrypt_128bit | encrypt_aes128 ][ allow <permissions> ][ owner_pw <owner password | PROMPT> ][ user_pw <user password | PROMPT> ][ flatten ] [ need_appearances ][ compress | uncompress ][ keep_first_id | keep_final_id ] [ drop_xfa ] [ drop_xmp ][ replacement_font <font name> ][ verbose ] [ dont_ask | do_ask ]Where:<operation> may be empty, or:[ cat | shuffle | burst | rotate |generate_fdf | fill_form |background | multibackground |stamp | multistamp |dump_data | dump_data_utf8 |dump_data_fields | dump_data_fields_utf8 |dump_data_annots |update_info | update_info_utf8 |attach_files | unpack_files ]For Complete Help: pdftk --helpDESCRIPTIONIf PDF is electronic paper, then pdftk is an electronic staple-remover,hole-punch, binder, secret-decoder-ring, and X-Ray-glasses.  Pdftk is asimple tool for doing everyday things with PDF documents.  Use it to:* Merge PDF Documents or Collate PDF Page Scans* Split PDF Pages into a New Document* Rotate PDF Documents or Pages* Decrypt Input as Necessary (Password Required)* Encrypt Output as Desired* Fill PDF Forms with X/FDF Data and/or Flatten Forms* Generate FDF Data Stencils from PDF Forms* Apply a Background Watermark or a Foreground Stamp* Report PDF Metrics, Bookmarks and Metadata* Add/Update PDF Metrics, Bookmarks or Metadata* Attach Files to PDF Pages or the PDF Document* Unpack PDF Attachments* Burst a PDF Document into Single Pages* Uncompress and Re-Compress Page Streams* Repair Corrupted PDF (Where Possible)OPTIONSA summary of options is included below.--help, -hShow this summary of options.<input PDF files | - | PROMPT>A list of the input PDF files. If you plan to combine these PDFs(without using handles) then list files in the order you wantthem combined.  Use - to pass a single PDF into pdftk via stdin.Input files can be associated with handles, where a handle isone or more upper-case letters:<input PDF handle>=<input PDF filename>Handles are often omitted.  They are useful when specifying PDFpasswords or page ranges, later.For example: A=input1.pdf QT=input2.pdf M=input3.pdf[input_pw <input PDF owner passwords | PROMPT>]Input PDF owner passwords, if necessary, are associated withfiles by using their handles:<input PDF handle>=<input PDF file owner password>If handles are not given, then passwords are associated withinput files by order.Most pdftk features require that encrypted input PDF are accom-panied by the ~owner~ password. If the input PDF has no ownerpassword, then the user password must be given, instead.  If theinput PDF has no passwords, then no password should be given.When running in do_ask mode, pdftk will prompt you for a pass-word if the supplied password is incorrect or none was given.[<operation> <operation arguments>]Available operations are: cat, shuffle, burst, rotate, gener-ate_fdf, fill_form, background, multibackground, stamp, multi-stamp, dump_data, dump_data_utf8, dump_data_fields,dump_data_fields_utf8, dump_data_annots, update_info,update_info_utf8, attach_files, unpack_files. Some operationstakes additional arguments, described below.If this optional argument is omitted, then pdftk runs in 'fil-ter' mode.  Filter mode takes only one PDF input and creates anew PDF after applying all of the output options, like encryp-tion and compression.cat [<page ranges>]Assembles (catenates) pages from input PDFs to create a newPDF. Use cat to merge PDF pages or to split PDF pages fromdocuments. You can also use it to rotate PDF pages. Pageorder in the new PDF is specified by the order of the givenpage ranges. Page ranges are described like this:<input PDF handle>[<begin page number>[-<end page num-ber>[<qualifier>]]][<page rotation>]Where the handle identifies one of the input PDF files, andthe beginning and ending page numbers are one-based refer-ences to pages in the PDF file.  The qualifier can be even,odd, or ~, and the page rotation can be north, south, east,west, left, right, or down.If a PDF handle is given but no pages are specified, then theentire PDF is used. If no pages are specified for any of theinput PDFs, then the input PDFs' bookmarks are also mergedand included in the output.If the handle is omitted from the page range, then the pagesare taken from the first input PDF.The even qualifier causes pdftk to use only the even-numberedPDF pages, so 1-6even yields pages 2, 4 and 6 in that order.6-1even yields pages 6, 4 and 2 in that order.The odd qualifier works similarly to the even.Pages can be subtracted from a page range using the ~ quali-fier followed by a page range. For instance, 1-20~5-6 and1-20~5~6 are equivalent to 1-4 7-20, and ~5 yields all pagesexcept page 5. Depending on your shell, you may need to quotethis argument because of the ~ at the beginning.The page rotation setting can cause pdftk to rotate pages anddocuments.  Each option sets the page rotation as follows (indegrees): north: 0, east: 90, south: 180, west: 270, left:-90, right: +90, down: +180. left, right, and down make rela-tive adjustments to a page's rotation.If no arguments are passed to cat, then pdftk combines allinput PDFs in the order they were given to create the output.NOTES:* <end page number> may be less than <begin page number>.* The keyword end may be used to reference the final page ofa document instead of a page number.* Reference a single page by omitting the ending page number.* The handle may be used alone to represent the entire PDFdocument, e.g., B1-end is the same as B.* You can reference page numbers in reverse order by prefix-ing them with the letter r. For example, page r1 is the lastpage of the document, r2 is the next-to-last page of the doc-ument, and rend is the first page of the document. You canuse this prefix in ranges, too, for example r3-r1 is the lastthree pages of a PDF.Page Range Examples without Handles:1\-endeast - rotate entire document 90 degrees5 11 20 - take single pages from input PDF5-25oddwest - take odd pages in range, rotate 90 degrees6-1 - reverse pages in range from input PDFPage Range Examples Using Handles:Say A=in1.pdf B=in2.pdf, then:A1-21 - take range from in1.pdfBend-1odd - take all odd pages from in2.pdf in reverse orderA72 - take a single page from in1.pdfA1-21 Beven A72 - assemble pages from both in1.pdf andin2.pdfAwest - rotate entire in1.pdf document 90 degreesB - use all of in2.pdfA2-30evenleft - take the even pages from the range, remove 90degrees from each page's rotationA A - catenate in1.pdf with in1.pdfAevenwest Aoddeast - apply rotations to even pages, odd pagesfrom in1.pdfAwest Bwest Bdown - catenate rotated documentsshuffle [<page ranges>]Collates pages from input PDFs to create a new PDF.  Workslike the cat operation except that it takes one page at atime from each page range to assemble the output PDF.  If onerange runs out of pages, it continues with the remainingranges.  Ranges can use all of the features described abovefor cat, like reverse page ranges, multiple ranges from asingle PDF, and page rotation.  This feature was designed tohelp collate PDF pages after scanning paper documents.burst  Splits a single input PDF document into individual pages.Also creates a report named doc_data.txt which is the same asthe output from dump_data.  The output section can contain aprintf-styled format string to name these pages.  For exam-ple, if you want pages named page_01.pdf, page_02.pdf, etc.,pass output page_%02d.pdf to pdftk. If the pattern is omit-ted, then a default pattern g_%04d.pdf is appended and pro-duces pages named pg_0001.pdf, pg_0002.pdf, etc.  Encryptioncan be applied to the output by appending output options suchas owner_pw, e.g.:pdftk in.pdf burst owner_pw foopassrotate [<page ranges>]Takes a single input PDF and rotates just the specifiedpages.  All other pages remain unchanged.  The page orderremains unchanged.  Specify the pages to rotate using thesame notation as you would with cat, except you omit thepages that you aren't rotating:[<begin page number>[-<end page number>[<qualifier>]]][<pagerotation>]The qualifier can be even or odd, and the page rotation canbe north, south, east, west, left, right, or down.Each option sets the page rotation as follows (in degrees):north: 0, east: 90, south: 180, west: 270, left: -90, right:+90, down: +180. left, right, and down make relative adjust-ments to a page's rotation.The given order of the pages doesn't change the page order inthe output.generate_fdfReads a single input PDF file and generates an FDF file suit-able for fill_form out of it to the given output filename or(if no output is given) to stdout.  Does not create a newPDF.fill_form <FDF data filename | XFDF data filename | - | PROMPT>Fills the single input PDF's form fields with the data froman FDF file, XFDF file or stdin. Enter the data filenameafter fill_form, or use - to pass the data via stdin, likeso:pdftk form.pdf fill_form data.fdf output form.filled.pdfIf the input FDF file includes Rich Text formatted data inaddition to plain text, then the Rich Text data is packedinto the form fields as well as the plain text.  Pdftk alsosets a flag that cues Reader/Acrobat to generate new fieldappearances based on the Rich Text data.  So when the useropens the PDF, the viewer will create the Rich Text appear-ance on the spot.  If the user's PDF viewer does not supportRich Text, then the user will see the plain text datainstead.  If you flatten this form before Acrobat has achance to create (and save) new field appearances, then theplain text field data is what you'll see.Also see the flatten, need_appearances, and replacement_fontoptions.background <background PDF filename | - | PROMPT>Applies a PDF watermark to the background of a single inputPDF.  Pass the background PDF's filename after backgroundlike so:pdftk in.pdf background back.pdf output out.pdfPdftk uses only the first page from the background PDF andapplies it to every page of the input PDF.  This page isscaled and rotated as needed to fit the input page.  You canuse - to pass a background PDF into pdftk via stdin.If the input PDF does not have a transparent background (suchas a PDF created from page scans) then the resulting back-ground won't be visible - use the stamp operation instead.multibackground <background PDF filename | - | PROMPT>Same as the background operation, but applies each page ofthe background PDF to the corresponding page of the inputPDF.  If the input PDF has more pages than the stamp PDF,then the final stamp page is repeated across these remainingpages in the input PDF.stamp <stamp PDF filename | - | PROMPT>This behaves just like the background operation except itoverlays the stamp PDF page on top of the input PDF docu-ment's pages.  This works best if the stamp PDF page has atransparent background.multistamp <stamp PDF filename | - | PROMPT>Same as the stamp operation, but applies each page of thebackground PDF to the corresponding page of the input PDF.If the input PDF has more pages than the stamp PDF, then thefinal stamp page is repeated across these remaining pages inthe input PDF.dump_dataReads a single input PDF file and reports its metadata, book-marks (a/k/a outlines), page metrics (media, rotation andlabels), data embedded by STAMPtk (see STAMPtk's embedoption) and other data to the given output filename or (if nooutput is given) to stdout.  Non-ASCII characters are encodedas XML numerical entities.  Does not create a new PDF.dump_data_utf8Same as dump_data except that the output is encoded as UTF-8.dump_data_fieldsReads a single input PDF file and reports form field statis-tics to the given output filename or (if no output is given)to stdout. Non-ASCII characters are encoded as XML numericalentities. Does not create a new PDF.dump_data_fields_utf8Same as dump_data_fields except that the output is encoded asUTF-8.dump_data_annotsThis operation currently reports only link annotations.Reads a single input PDF file and reports annotation informa-tion to the given output filename or (if no output is given)to stdout. Non-ASCII characters are encoded as XML numericalentities. Does not create a new PDF.update_info <info data filename | - | PROMPT>Changes the bookmarks, page labels, page sizes, page rota-tions, and metadata in a single PDF's Info dictionary tomatch the input data file. The input data file uses the samesyntax as the output from dump_data. Non-ASCII charactersshould be encoded as XML numerical entities.This operation does not change the metadata stored in thePDF's XMP stream, if it has one. (For this reason you shouldinclude a ModDate entry in your updated info with a currentdate/timestamp, format: D:YYYYMMDDHHmmSS, e.g. D:201307241346- omitted data after YYYY revert to default values.)For example:pdftk in.pdf update_info in.info output out.pdfupdate_info_utf8 <info data filename | - | PROMPT>Same as update_info except that the input is encoded asUTF-8.attach_files <attachment filenames | PROMPT> [to_page <page number |PROMPT> | relation <relationship>]Packs arbitrary files into a PDF using PDF's file attachmentfeatures. More than one attachment may be listed afterattach_files. Attachments are added at the document levelunless the optional to_page option is given, in which casethe files are attached to the given page number (the firstpage is 1, the final page is end). Attachments at the docu-ment level may be tagged with a relationship among Source,Data, Alternative, Supplement, and Unspecified (default).For example:pdftk in.pdf attach_files table1.html table2.html to_page 6output out.pdfpdftk in.pdf attach_files in.tex relation Source outputout.pdfunpack_filesCopies all of the attachments from the input PDF into thecurrent folder or to an output directory given after output.For example:pdftk report.pdf unpack_files output ~/atts/or, interactively:pdftk report.pdf unpack_files output PROMPT[output <output filename | - | PROMPT>]The output PDF filename may not be set to the name of an inputfilename. Use - to output to stdout.  When using the dump_dataoperation, use output to set the name of the output data file.When using the unpack_files operation, use output to set thename of an output directory.  When using the burst operation,you can use output to control the resulting PDF page filenames(described above).[encrypt_40bit | encrypt_128bit | encrypt_aes128]If an output PDF user or owner password is given, the output PDFencryption algorithm defaults to AES-128. The weaker RC4 40-bitand RC4 128-bit algorithms can be chosen by specifyingencrypt_40bit or encrypt_128bit (discouraged).[allow <permissions>]Permissions are applied to the output PDF only if an encryptionstrength is specified or an owner or user password is given.  Ifpermissions are not specified, they default to 'none,' whichmeans all of the following features are disabled.The permissions section may include one or more of the followingfeatures:PrintingTop Quality PrintingDegradedPrintingLower Quality PrintingModifyContentsAlso allows AssemblyAssemblyCopyContentsAlso allows ScreenReadersScreenReadersModifyAnnotationsAlso allows FillInFillInAllFeaturesAllows the user to perform all of the above, and topquality printing.[owner_pw <owner password | PROMPT>][user_pw <user password | PROMPT>]If an encryption strength is given but no passwords are sup-plied, then the owner and user passwords remain empty, whichmeans that the resulting PDF may be opened and its securityparameters altered by anybody.[compress | uncompress]These are only useful when you want to edit PDF code in a texteditor like vim or emacs.  Remove PDF page stream compression byapplying the uncompress filter. Use the compress filter torestore compression.[flatten]Use this option to merge an input PDF's interactive form fields(and their data) with the PDF's pages. Only one input PDF may begiven. Sometimes used with the fill_form operation.[need_appearances]Sets a flag that cues Reader/Acrobat to generate new fieldappearances based on the form field values.  Use this when fill-ing a form with non-ASCII text to ensure the best presentationin Adobe Reader or Acrobat.  It won't work when combined withthe flatten option.[replacement_font <font name>]Use the specified font to display text in form fields. Thisoption is useful when filling a form with non-ASCII text that isnot supported by the fonts included in the input PDF. font namemay be either the file name or the family name of a font, butusing a file name is more reliable. Currently only TrueTypefonts with Unicode text are supported.[keep_first_id | keep_final_id]When combining pages from multiple PDFs, use one of theseoptions to copy the document ID from either the first or finalinput document into the new output PDF. Otherwise pdftk createsa new document ID for the output PDF. When no operation isgiven, pdftk always uses the ID from the (single) input PDF.[drop_xfa]If your input PDF is a form created using Acrobat 7 or AdobeDesigner, then it probably has XFA data.  Filling such a formusing pdftk yields a PDF with data that fails to display inAcrobat 7 (and 6?).  The workaround solution is to remove theform's XFA data, either before you fill the form using pdftk orat the time you fill the form. Using this option causes pdftk toomit the XFA data from the output PDF form.This option is only useful when running pdftk on a single inputPDF.  When assembling a PDF from multiple inputs using pdftk,any XFA data in the input is automatically omitted.[drop_xmp]Many PDFs store document metadata using both an Info dictionary(old school) and an XMP stream (new school).  Pdftk'supdate_info operation can update the Info dictionary, but notthe XMP stream.  The proper remedy for this is to include aModDate entry in your updated info with a current date/time-stamp. The date/timestamp format is: D:YYYYMMDDHHmmSS, e.g.D:201307241346 - omitted data after YYYY revert to default val-ues. This newer ModDate should cue PDF viewers that the Infometadata is more current than the XMP data.Alternatively, you might prefer to remove the XMP stream fromthe PDF altogether - that's what this option does.  Note thatobjects inside the PDF might have their own, separate XMP meta-data streams, and that drop_xmp does not remove those.  It onlyremoves the PDF's document-level XMP stream.[verbose]By default, pdftk runs quietly. Append verbose to the end and itwill speak up.[dont_ask | do_ask]Depending on the compile-time settings (see ASK_ABOUT_WARNINGS),pdftk might prompt you for further input when it encounters aproblem, such as a bad password. Override this default behaviorby adding dont_ask (so pdftk won't ask you what to do) or do_ask(so pdftk will ask you what to do).When running in dont_ask mode, pdftk will over-write files withits output without notice.EXAMPLESCollate scanned pagespdftk A=even.pdf B=odd.pdf shuffle A B output collated.pdfor if odd.pdf is in reverse order:pdftk A=even.pdf B=odd.pdf shuffle A Bend-1 output collated.pdfThe following examples use actual passwords as command line parameters,which is discouraged (see the SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS section).Decrypt a PDFpdftk secured.pdf input_pw foopass output unsecured.pdfEncrypt a PDF using AES-128 (the default), withhold all permissions(the default)pdftk 1.pdf output 1.128.pdf owner_pw foopassSame as above, except password 'baz' must also be used to open outputPDFpdftk 1.pdf output 1.128.pdf owner_pw foo user_pw bazSame as above, except printing is allowed (once the PDF is open)pdftk 1.pdf output 1.128.pdf owner_pw foo user_pw baz allow printingApply RCA 40-bit encryption to output, revoking all permissions (thedefault). Set the owner PW to 'foopass'.pdftk 1.pdf 2.pdf cat output 3.pdf encrypt_40bit owner_pw foopassJoin two files, one of which requires the password 'foopass'. The out-put is not encrypted.pdftk A=secured.pdf 2.pdf input_pw A=foopass cat output 3.pdfJoin in1.pdf and in2.pdf into a new PDF, out1.pdfpdftk in1.pdf in2.pdf cat output out1.pdfor (using handles):pdftk A=in1.pdf B=in2.pdf cat A B output out1.pdfor (using wildcards):pdftk *.pdf cat output combined.pdfRemove page 13 from in1.pdf to create out1.pdfpdftk in.pdf cat 1-12 14-end output out1.pdfor:pdftk A=in1.pdf cat A1-12 A14-end output out1.pdfUncompress PDF page streams for editing the PDF in a text editor (e.g.,vim, emacs)pdftk doc.pdf output doc.unc.pdf uncompressRepair a PDF's corrupted XREF table and stream lengths, if possiblepdftk broken.pdf output fixed.pdfBurst a single PDF document into pages and dump its data todoc_data.txtpdftk in.pdf burstBurst a single PDF document into encrypted pages. Allow low-qualityprintingpdftk in.pdf burst owner_pw foopass allow DegradedPrintingWrite a report on PDF document metadata and bookmarks to report.txtpdftk in.pdf dump_data output report.txtRotate the first PDF page to 90 degrees clockwisepdftk in.pdf cat 1east 2-end output out.pdfRotate an entire PDF document to 180 degreespdftk in.pdf cat 1-endsouth output out.pdfNOTESThis is a port of pdftk to java. Seehttps://gitlab.com/pdftk-java/pdftkThe original program can be found at www.pdftk.comAUTHOROriginal author of pdftk is Sid Steward (sid.steward at pdflabs dotcom).SECURITY CONSIDERATIONSPassing a password as a command line parameter is insecure because itcan get saved into the shell's history and be accessible by other usersvia /proc. Use the keyword PROMPT and input any passwords via standardinput instead.

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使用

以下是一些 pdftk 的常用使用示例：

1、合并 PDF 文件

将多个 PDF 文件按顺序合并成一个新文件 ：

pdftk 1.pdf 2.pdf 3.pdf cat output 123.pdf

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也可以使用文件句柄来指定合并顺序 ：

pdftk A=1.pdf B=2.pdf cat A B output 12.pdf

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合并不同文件的特定页面，例如，将 one.pdf 的前7页、two.pdf 的前5页和 one.pdf 的第8页合并 ：

pdftk A=one.pdf B=two.pdf cat A1-7 B1-5 A8 output new.pdf

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交叉合并两个 PDF 文件的页面 ：

pdftk A=1.pdf B=2.pdf shuffle A B output 4.pdf

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2、添加水印或图章

给 PDF 文件的所有页面添加水印（stamp） ：

pdftk file.pdf stamp watermark.pdf output stamped_file.pdf

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将图章放在页面下方，可以使用 background 命令 ：

pdftk file.pdf background watermark.pdf output backgrounded_file.pdf

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3、加密和解密 PDF

移除 PDF 文件的密码保护（需要提供所有者密码） ：

pdftk foopassbaz.128.pdf input_pw <owner_password> output nopass.pdf

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给 PDF 文件添加密码保护（例如用户密码 userpass，所有者密码 ownerpass，允许打印和复制）：

pdftk input.pdf output encrypted.pdf user_pw userpass owner_pw ownerpass allow printing allow copying

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4、填充 PDF 表单

使用文本文件中的数据填充 PDF 表单 ：

pdftk character-sheet.pdf fill_form chsheet-form.txt output completed.pdf

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5、导出 PDF 元数据

将 PDF 文件的元数据导出为文本文件 ：

pdftk input.pdf dump_data output metadata.txt

这些示例展示了 pdftk 在处理 PDF 文件时的强大功能，包括合并、拆分、旋转、加密、解密以及添加水印等操作 。

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参考资料

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32505951/pdftk-server-on-os-x-10-11

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20804441/how-to-install-pdftk-on-mac-os-x