【flutter 在最新版本中已经弃用了传统的 apply from 方式引入 Gradle 插件】

报错

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Launching lib\main.dart on 2112123AC in debug mode...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.* Where:
Script 'D:\flutter\flutter_3.29.2\packages\flutter_tools\gradle\flutter.gradle' line: 9* What went wrong:
A problem occurred evaluating script.
> You are applying Flutter's main Gradle plugin imperatively using the apply script method, which is not possible anymore. Migrate to applying Gradle plugins with the declarative plugins block: https://flutter.dev/to/flutter-gradle-plugin-apply* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.
> Get more help at https://help.gradle.org.BUILD FAILED in 1s
Error: Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1

解决方案

这个错误是因为 Flutter 在最新版本中已经弃用了传统的 apply from 方式引入 Gradle 插件，要求使用更现代的 Declarative Plugins Block（声明式插件块）。以下是完整的解决方案：

错误原因分析

You are applying Flutter's main Gradle plugin imperatively using the apply script method...

• 根本问题：Flutter 3.x+ 要求使用新的插件声明方式
• 影响文件：android/app/build.gradle
• 关键变化：必须用 plugins {} 块替换 apply from

---

解决方案（分步操作）

第一步：修改 android/app/build.gradle

1. 删除旧代码：移除这行

   apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"
   

2. 添加新插件声明：在文件顶部添加（通常在 android {} 块之前）：

   plugins {id "com.android.application"id "kotlin-android"id "dev.flutter.flutter-gradle-plugin"  // 新增的Flutter插件
   }
   

第二步：修改 android/settings.gradle

1. 添加插件管理配置：在文件开头添加：

   pluginManagement {repositories {google()mavenCentral()gradlePluginPortal()}plugins {id "dev.flutter.flutter-gradle-plugin" version "1.0.0"  // 版本号根据实际情况调整}
   }
   

2. 添加依赖路径：在文件末尾添加：

   include ':app'
   def flutterProjectDir = rootProject.projectDir.parentFile.toPath()
   def plugins = new Properties()
   def pluginsFile = new File(flutterProjectDir.toFile(), '.flutter-plugins')
   if (pluginsFile.exists()) {pluginsFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader -> plugins.load(reader) }
   }
   plugins.each { name, path ->def pluginDirectory = flutterProjectDir.resolve(path).resolve('android').toFile()include ":$name"project(":$name").projectDir = pluginDirectory
   }
   

第三步：检查/更新 local.properties

确保文件中有正确的 Flutter SDK 路径：

flutter.sdk=D\:\\flutter\\flutter_3.29.2  # 注意Windows路径转义
sdk.dir=C\:\\Users\\YourName\\AppData\\Local\\Android\\Sdk

第四步：清理并重建项目

在终端执行：

flutter clean
flutter pub get
cd android
./gradlew clean  # 或 gradlew.bat clean (Windows)
flutter run

---

备选方案（如果问题依旧）

如果以上修改后仍有问题，可以尝试临时降级 Flutter 版本：

flutter version 3.7.12  # 选择支持旧插件的版本

或更新到最新稳定版：

flutter upgrade

---

文件结构最终示例

android/app/build.gradle 顶部

plugins {id "com.android.application"id "kotlin-android"id "dev.flutter.flutter-gradle-plugin"  // Flutter插件
}def localProperties = new Properties()
...

android/settings.gradle 完整示例

pluginManagement {repositories {google()mavenCentral()gradlePluginPortal()}plugins {id "dev.flutter.flutter-gradle-plugin" version "1.0.0"}
}include ':app'
def flutterProjectDir = rootProject.projectDir.parentFile.toPath()
...

重要提示：这些修改基于 Flutter 3.29.2 的官方适配要求，如果你的版本不同，可能需要微调插件版本号（可在 Flutter 发布日志 中查找对应版本）。