在Ubuntu22.04 系统中安装Docker详细教程

1.更新系统软件包

#确保您的系统软件包是最新的。这有助于避免安装过程中可能遇到的问题
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y

2.安装必要的依赖

sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common -y

3.替换软件源

echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -s -c) main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -s -c) main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $(lsb_release -s -c) main restricted universe multiverse
" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list

#更新软件包列表
sudo apt-get update

4.确保Docker依赖包安装成功

sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

5.添加Docker的官方GPG密钥

#为了确保下载的软件包的安全性
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

6.添加Docker的APT源

echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

7.更新APT包索引

sudo apt-get update

这里可能会产生报错：

Err:2 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu jammy InRelease   The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 7EA0A9C3F273FCD8

是因为使用的是第三方镜像源（如阿里云的Docker镜像），需要先导入相应的GPG公钥。对于阿里云，你可以通过以下命令导入公钥：

curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

然后重新执行：

sudo apt-get update

8.安装Docker引擎

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

9.启动Docker并设置开机自启

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

10.修改镜像地址

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

截至目前一些还有效的镜像加速源

{"registry-mirrors" : ["https://docker.registry.cyou","https://docker-cf.registry.cyou","https://dockercf.jsdelivr.fyi","https://docker.jsdelivr.fyi","https://dockertest.jsdelivr.fyi","https://mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://dockerproxy.com","https://mirror.baidubce.com","https://docker.m.daocloud.io","https://docker.nju.edu.cn","https://docker.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn","https://mirror.iscas.ac.cn","https://docker.rainbond.cc","https://do.nark.eu.org","https://dc.j8.work","https://dockerproxy.com","https://gst6rzl9.mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com","http://hub-mirror.c.163.com","http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/","https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/","http://mirrors.sohu.com/"],"insecure-registries" : ["registry.docker-cn.com","docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"],"debug": true,"experimental": false}

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

11.验证Docker安装

sudo docker run hello-world

12.Docker Compose的安装

#Docker Compose是一个用于定义和运行多容器Docker应用程序的工具
sudo apt update
# 安装docker-compose
sudo apt install docker-compose
# 验证是否安装成功
sudo docker-compose --version