【开源工具】 黑客帝国系列系统监控工具：基于PyQt5的全方位资源监控系统

【开源工具】 黑客帝国系列系统监控工具：基于PyQt5的全方位资源监控系统

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摘要

本文介绍了一个基于PyQt5和psutil库开发的系统资源监控工具，该工具不仅具有强大的系统监控功能，还采用了《黑客帝国》电影中经典的"数字雨"视觉效果作为背景。文章将从设计思路、功能实现、代码解析等多个角度详细介绍这个项目，帮助读者理解如何开发一个美观实用的系统监控应用。

关键词：PyQt5、系统监控、数字雨、psutil、Python GUI

目录

1. 项目概述
2. 功能特点
3. 展示效果
4. 实现步骤
5. 代码解析
6. 源码下载
7. 总结与展望

项目概述

在系统管理和性能优化过程中，实时监控系统资源使用情况是至关重要的。传统的系统监控工具如Windows任务管理器或Linux的top命令虽然功能强大，但界面往往较为单调。本项目将实用性与美观性相结合，开发了一个具有《黑客帝国》风格的系统监控工具。

该工具基于Python的PyQt5 GUI框架和psutil系统信息库，能够实时监控CPU、内存、磁盘、网络、进程、传感器和电池等系统资源，并以图表和数字形式直观展示。最特别的是，它采用了经典的"数字雨"效果作为背景，不仅美观，还能带来独特的用户体验。

功能特点

1. 全面的系统监控

• CPU监控：显示总体使用率和每个核心的详细使用情况
• 内存监控：实时显示物理内存和交换空间的使用情况
• 磁盘监控：监控磁盘I/O和各个分区的使用情况
• 网络监控：显示网络上传下载速度和各接口状态
• 进程监控：列出系统进程并按资源使用率排序
• 传感器监控：显示CPU、GPU温度等传感器数据
• ** 电池监控**：监控笔记本电池状态和剩余时间

2. 独特的视觉效果

• 数字雨背景：经典的《黑客帝国》风格下落字符效果
• 矩阵主题：绿色为主的配色方案，符合黑客帝国美学
• 动态图表：实时更新的波形图展示资源使用历史

3. 实用的交互功能

• 多标签页设计：分类展示不同类型的监控信息
• 主题切换：支持多种视觉主题（当前实现矩阵风格）
• 刷新率调整：可根据需要调整数据刷新频率
• 窗口分离：可将任意标签页分离为独立窗口
• 进程排序：支持按CPU或内存使用率排序进程

4. 技术特点

• 基于PyQt5实现跨平台GUI
• 使用psutil获取系统信息
• 使用matplotlib绘制动态图表
• 低资源占用，高效实现

🖼️ 展示效果

主界面截图

图1：系统监控工具主界面，包含数字雨背景和各监控标签页

CPU监控界面

图2：CPU监控界面，显示各核心使用率波形图

内存监控界面

图3：内存监控界面，显示内存使用情况和详细信息

显卡监控界面

图4：显卡监控界面，显示显卡使用情况和详细信息

网络监控界面

图5：网络监控界面，显示网络使用情况和详细信息

磁盘监控界面

图6：磁盘监控界面，显示硬盘使用情况和详细信息

进程监控界面

图7：进程监控界面，显示程序进程使用情况和详细信息

传感器监控界面

图8：传感器监控界面，显示传感器使用情况和详细信息

电池监控界面

图9：电池监控界面，监控笔记本电池状态和剩余时间

🧩 实现步骤

1. 环境准备

首先需要安装必要的Python库：

pip install pyqt5 psutil matplotlib

可选安装GPU监控支持：

pip install gputil

2. 项目结构设计

整个项目主要分为两大组件：

1. MatrixRainWidget：负责数字雨效果的实现
2. SystemMonitor：主监控界面，包含各种系统监控功能

2.1 项目结构图

3. 🌧️ 数字雨效果实现

数字雨效果通过自定义QWidget实现，主要步骤包括：

1. 初始化随机字符集
2. 根据窗口大小计算合适的列数和行数
3. 为每一列创建雨滴对象，包含位置、速度、亮度和字符
4. 定时更新雨滴位置并重绘

4. 📊 系统监控功能实现

系统监控主界面采用QTabWidget组织不同监控类别，每个标签页包含：

1. 信息摘要标签
2. 动态波形图表
3. 详细数据表格或标签

使用QTimer定时更新数据，通过psutil库获取系统信息。

5. 📈 图表绘制

使用matplotlib绘制动态波形图，关键点：

1. 初始化图表并设置矩阵风格样式
2. 维护历史数据队列
3. 定时更新图表数据
4. 自动调整Y轴范围

6. 主题和交互

实现主题样式、右键菜单、工具栏等功能增强用户体验。

代码解析

1. 数字雨效果核心代码

class MatrixRainWidget(QWidget):def __init__(self, parent=None):super().__init__(parent)self.setAttribute(Qt.WA_TranslucentBackground)self.characters = "0123456789qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb"self.font_size = 12self.rain = []# 初始列数和行数，会在resizeEvent中更新self.columns = 0self.rows = 0self.timer = QTimer(self)self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_rain)self.timer.start(100)def resizeEvent(self, event):# 当窗口大小改变时重新计算列数和行数font_metrics = QFontMetrics(QFont("MS Gothic", self.font_size))char_width = font_metrics.horizontalAdvance("0")char_height = font_metrics.height()if char_width > 0 and char_height > 0:self.columns = max(10, self.width() // char_width)self.rows = max(5, self.height() // char_height)self.init_rain()super().resizeEvent(event)

性能优化点：

1. 使用QFontMetrics精确计算字符尺寸
2. 采用numpy批量生成随机字符
3. 亮度渐变公式：brightness = 1 - i/length

多线程数据采集

这段代码实现了数字雨效果的核心逻辑。关键在于：

1. 使用QTimer定时触发更新
2. 根据窗口大小动态调整雨滴数量和位置
3. 每个雨滴有独立的位置、速度和亮度属性
4. 在paintEvent中根据雨滴属性绘制字符

2. 系统监控主界面

class SystemMonitor(QMainWindow):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.setWindowTitle("系统资源监控系统")self.setGeometry(100, 100, 1400, 900)# 初始化主题self.current_theme = "matrix"self.init_theme()# 主部件和布局self.main_widget = QWidget()self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)self.main_layout = QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)self.main_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)  # 移除边距# 添加矩阵数字雨背景（先添加，确保在最底层）self.matrix_rain = MatrixRainWidget(self.main_widget)self.matrix_rain.setGeometry(0, 0, self.width(), self.height())# 创建标签页（后添加，确保在上层）self.tabs = QTabWidget()self.tabs.setStyleSheet("background: transparent;")  # 设置标签页透明self.main_layout.addWidget(self.tabs)

主界面采用分层设计：

1. 最底层是数字雨背景
2. 上层是半透明的标签页控件
3. 通过样式表设置矩阵风格的主题

3. CPU监控实现

def create_cpu_tab(self):"""创建CPU监控标签页"""self.cpu_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.cpu_tab, "CPU")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.cpu_tab)# CPU信息标签self.cpu_info_label = QLabel()self.cpu_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 10))layout.addWidget(self.cpu_info_label)# CPU使用率波形图self.cpu_fig, self.cpu_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 6))self.setup_chart_style(self.cpu_fig, self.cpu_ax, "CPU Usage (%)")# 初始化CPU核心线self.cpu_lines = []for i in range(psutil.cpu_count()):line, = self.cpu_ax.plot([], [], label=f'Core {i+1}', color=self.get_green_color(i))self.cpu_lines.append(line)self.cpu_ax.set_ylim(0, 100)self.cpu_ax.set_xlim(0, 60)self.cpu_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.cpu_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.cpu_fig)layout.addWidget(self.cpu_canvas)

CPU监控标签页包含：

1. 总体信息标签
2. 每个核心的波形图
3. 自动调整的坐标轴
4. 矩阵风格的图表样式

4. 数据更新机制

def update_all(self):"""更新所有监控数据"""self.update_cpu()self.update_memory()self.update_gpu()self.update_network()self.update_disk()self.update_processes()self.update_sensors()self.update_battery()# 更新状态栏self.status_bar.setText(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") + " | System Monitoring Active | Press Ctrl+Q to exit")def update_cpu(self):"""更新CPU数据"""# 获取CPU使用率cpu_percent = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=0.1, percpu=True)# 更新数据for i, percent in enumerate(cpu_percent):self.cpu_data[i].append(percent)if len(self.cpu_data[i]) > 60:  # 保留60秒数据self.cpu_data[i] = self.cpu_data[i][-60:]# 更新图表for i, line in enumerate(self.cpu_lines):line.set_data(range(len(self.cpu_data[i])), self.cpu_data[i])# 自动调整Y轴范围max_val = max([max(core) for core in self.cpu_data if core] + [10])self.cpu_ax.set_ylim(0, max(100, max_val * 1.1))

数据更新采用统一机制：

1. QTimer定时触发update_all
2. 每个监控类别有独立的更新方法
3. 维护固定长度的历史数据队列
4. 自动调整图表范围

源码下载

复制本文提供的完整代码保存为system_monitor.py文件。

import sys
import time
import psutil
import numpy as np
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QTimer, QRect, QPoint, pyqtSignal, QThread
from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont, QColor, QPainter, QPen, QLinearGradient, QBrush, QFontMetrics
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QTabWidget, QGridLayout, QMenu, QAction, QToolBar,QDockWidget, QScrollArea, QSizePolicy, QSplitter,QTableWidget, QTableWidgetItem, QHeaderView)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbarclass MatrixRainWidget(QWidget):def __init__(self, parent=None):super().__init__(parent)self.setAttribute(Qt.WA_TranslucentBackground)self.characters = "0123456789qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb"self.font_size = 12self.rain = []# 初始列数和行数，会在resizeEvent中更新self.columns = 0self.rows = 0self.timer = QTimer(self)self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_rain)self.timer.start(0)def resizeEvent(self, event):# 当窗口大小改变时重新计算列数和行数font_metrics = QFontMetrics(QFont("MS Gothic", self.font_size))char_width = font_metrics.horizontalAdvance("0")char_height = font_metrics.height()if char_width > 0 and char_height > 0:self.columns = max(10, self.width() // char_width)self.rows = max(5, self.height() // char_height)self.init_rain()super().resizeEvent(event)def init_rain(self):self.rain = []for i in range(self.columns):length = np.random.randint(5, self.rows)speed = np.random.uniform(0.5, 1.5)start_pos = np.random.randint(-self.rows, 0)self.rain.append({'length': length,'speed': speed,'position': start_pos,'chars': [np.random.choice(list(self.characters)) for _ in range(length)],'brightness': [max(0.1, 1 - i/length) for i in range(length)]})def update_rain(self):for drop in self.rain:drop['position'] += drop['speed']if drop['position'] - drop['length'] > self.rows:drop['position'] = np.random.randint(-self.rows, 0)drop['chars'] = [np.random.choice(list(self.characters)) for _ in range(drop['length'])]self.update()def paintEvent(self, event):if not self.rain:returnpainter = QPainter(self)painter.setFont(QFont("MS Gothic", self.font_size))font_metrics = painter.fontMetrics()char_width = font_metrics.horizontalAdvance("0")char_height = font_metrics.height()if char_width == 0 or char_height == 0:returnfor i, drop in enumerate(self.rain):x = i * char_widthfor j in range(drop['length']):y_pos = drop['position'] - jif 0 <= y_pos < self.rows:y = y_pos * char_heightbrightness = drop['brightness'][j]color = QColor(0, int(255 * brightness), 0)painter.setPen(color)painter.drawText(QPoint(int(x), int(y)), drop['chars'][j])class SystemMonitor(QMainWindow):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.setWindowTitle("资源监控系统-By 创客白泽")self.setGeometry(100, 100, 1400, 900)# 初始化主题self.current_theme = "matrix"self.init_theme()# 主部件和布局self.main_widget = QWidget()self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)self.main_layout = QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)self.main_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)  # 移除边距# 添加矩阵数字雨背景（先添加，确保在最底层）self.matrix_rain = MatrixRainWidget(self.main_widget)self.matrix_rain.setGeometry(0, 0, self.width(), self.height())# 创建标签页（后添加，确保在上层）self.tabs = QTabWidget()self.tabs.setStyleSheet("background: transparent;")  # 设置标签页透明self.main_layout.addWidget(self.tabs)# 创建各个监控标签页self.create_cpu_tab()self.create_memory_tab()self.create_gpu_tab()self.create_network_tab()self.create_disk_tab()self.create_process_tab()self.create_sensors_tab()self.create_battery_tab()# 底部状态栏self.status_bar = QLabel()self.status_bar.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)self.status_bar.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 10))self.main_layout.addWidget(self.status_bar)# 数据初始化self.init_data()# 工具栏self.create_toolbar()# 右键菜单self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu)self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.show_context_menu)# 定时器更新数据self.timer = QTimer()self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_all)self.timer.start(1000)# 初始化数据self.update_all()def resizeEvent(self, event):# 更新数字雨部件的大小if hasattr(self, 'matrix_rain'):self.matrix_rain.setGeometry(0, 0, self.width(), self.height())super().resizeEvent(event)def init_theme(self):"""初始化主题样式"""if self.current_theme == "matrix":self.setStyleSheet("""QMainWindow {background-color: black;}QLabel {color: #00FF00;font-family: Consolas, Courier New, monospace;}QTabWidget::pane {border: 1px solid #00FF00;background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 200);}QTabBar::tab {background: black;color: #00FF00;border: 1px solid #00FF00;padding: 5px;}QTabBar::tab:selected {background: #003300;}QToolBar {background: rgba(0, 20, 0, 150);border: 1px solid #00AA00;}QToolButton {color: #00FF00;background: transparent;padding: 5px;}QToolButton:hover {background: rgba(0, 100, 0, 100);}QScrollArea {background: transparent;border: none;}QTableView {background: rgba(0, 10, 0, 150);color: #00FF00;gridline-color: #005500;font-family: Consolas;}QHeaderView::section {background-color: rgba(0, 30, 0, 150);color: #00FF00;padding: 5px;border: 1px solid #005500;}""")def create_cpu_tab(self):"""创建CPU监控标签页"""self.cpu_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.cpu_tab, "CPU")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.cpu_tab)# CPU信息标签self.cpu_info_label = QLabel()self.cpu_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 10))layout.addWidget(self.cpu_info_label)# CPU使用率波形图self.cpu_fig, self.cpu_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 6))self.setup_chart_style(self.cpu_fig, self.cpu_ax, "CPU Usage (%)")# 初始化CPU核心线self.cpu_lines = []for i in range(psutil.cpu_count()):line, = self.cpu_ax.plot([], [], label=f'Core {i+1}', color=self.get_green_color(i))self.cpu_lines.append(line)self.cpu_ax.set_ylim(0, 100)self.cpu_ax.set_xlim(0, 60)self.cpu_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.cpu_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.cpu_fig)layout.addWidget(self.cpu_canvas)# 添加工具栏cpu_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.cpu_canvas, self)layout.addWidget(cpu_toolbar)def create_memory_tab(self):"""创建内存监控标签页"""self.mem_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.mem_tab, "Memory")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.mem_tab)# 内存信息标签self.mem_info_label = QLabel()self.mem_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 10))layout.addWidget(self.mem_info_label)# 内存使用率波形图self.mem_fig, self.mem_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 6))self.setup_chart_style(self.mem_fig, self.mem_ax, "Memory Usage (%)")self.mem_line, = self.mem_ax.plot([], [], label='Memory Usage', color='#00FF00')self.mem_ax.set_ylim(0, 100)self.mem_ax.set_xlim(0, 60)self.mem_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.mem_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.mem_fig)layout.addWidget(self.mem_canvas)# 添加工具栏mem_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.mem_canvas, self)layout.addWidget(mem_toolbar)# 内存详细信息网格self.mem_detail_grid = QGridLayout()layout.addLayout(self.mem_detail_grid)self.mem_detail_labels = {'total': QLabel(),'available': QLabel(),'used': QLabel(),'free': QLabel(),'percent': QLabel(),'swap_total': QLabel(),'swap_used': QLabel(),'swap_free': QLabel(),'swap_percent': QLabel()}row = 0col = 0for key, label in self.mem_detail_labels.items():label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 9))self.mem_detail_grid.addWidget(QLabel(key.replace('_', ' ').title() + ":"), row, col)self.mem_detail_grid.addWidget(label, row, col+1)col += 2if col >= 4:col = 0row += 1def create_gpu_tab(self):"""创建显卡监控标签页"""self.gpu_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.gpu_tab, "GPU")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.gpu_tab)# GPU信息标签self.gpu_info_label = QLabel("GPU monitoring requires additional libraries like GPUtil")self.gpu_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 10))layout.addWidget(self.gpu_info_label)# GPU使用率波形图self.gpu_fig, self.gpu_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 6))self.setup_chart_style(self.gpu_fig, self.gpu_ax, "GPU Usage (%)")self.gpu_line, = self.gpu_ax.plot([], [], label='GPU Usage', color='#00FF00')self.gpu_ax.set_ylim(0, 100)self.gpu_ax.set_xlim(0, 60)self.gpu_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.gpu_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.gpu_fig)layout.addWidget(self.gpu_canvas)# 添加工具栏gpu_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.gpu_canvas, self)layout.addWidget(gpu_toolbar)# GPU详细信息self.gpu_detail_label = QLabel()self.gpu_detail_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 9))layout.addWidget(self.gpu_detail_label)def create_network_tab(self):"""创建网络监控标签页"""self.net_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.net_tab, "Network")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.net_tab)# 网络信息标签self.net_info_label = QLabel()self.net_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 10))layout.addWidget(self.net_info_label)# 网络使用率波形图self.net_fig, self.net_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 6))self.setup_chart_style(self.net_fig, self.net_ax, "Network Traffic (MB/s)")self.net_sent_line, = self.net_ax.plot([], [], label='Sent', color='#00FF00')self.net_recv_line, = self.net_ax.plot([], [], label='Received', color='#00CC00')self.net_ax.set_ylim(0, 10)self.net_ax.set_xlim(0, 60)self.net_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.net_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.net_fig)layout.addWidget(self.net_canvas)# 添加工具栏net_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.net_canvas, self)layout.addWidget(net_toolbar)# 网络详细信息self.net_detail_label = QLabel()self.net_detail_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 9))layout.addWidget(self.net_detail_label)def create_disk_tab(self):"""创建磁盘监控标签页"""self.disk_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.disk_tab, "Disk")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.disk_tab)# 磁盘信息标签self.disk_info_label = QLabel()self.disk_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 10))layout.addWidget(self.disk_info_label)# 磁盘使用率波形图self.disk_fig, self.disk_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 6))self.setup_chart_style(self.disk_fig, self.disk_ax, "Disk I/O (MB/s)")self.disk_read_line, = self.disk_ax.plot([], [], label='Read', color='#00FF00')self.disk_write_line, = self.disk_ax.plot([], [], label='Write', color='#00CC00')self.disk_ax.set_ylim(0, 10)self.disk_ax.set_xlim(0, 60)self.disk_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.disk_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.disk_fig)layout.addWidget(self.disk_canvas)# 添加工具栏disk_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.disk_canvas, self)layout.addWidget(disk_toolbar)# 磁盘分区信息self.disk_partitions_label = QLabel()self.disk_partitions_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 9))layout.addWidget(self.disk_partitions_label)def create_process_tab(self):"""创建进程监控标签页"""self.process_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.process_tab, "Processes")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.process_tab)# 进程信息标签self.process_info_label = QLabel("系统进程监控 - 按CPU使用率排序")self.process_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 12))layout.addWidget(self.process_info_label)# 进程表格self.process_table = QTableWidget()self.process_table.setColumnCount(6)self.process_table.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(["PID", "名称", "CPU%", "内存%", "状态", "用户"])self.process_table.horizontalHeader().setSectionResizeMode(QHeaderView.Stretch)self.process_table.setSortingEnabled(True)# 添加滚动区域scroll = QScrollArea()scroll.setWidget(self.process_table)scroll.setWidgetResizable(True)layout.addWidget(scroll)def create_sensors_tab(self):"""创建传感器监控标签页"""self.sensors_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.sensors_tab, "Sensors")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.sensors_tab)# 传感器信息标签self.sensors_info_label = QLabel("系统传感器数据 - 温度/风扇/电压")self.sensors_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 12))layout.addWidget(self.sensors_info_label)# 温度监控图表self.temp_fig, self.temp_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 4))self.setup_chart_style(self.temp_fig, self.temp_ax, "Temperature (°C)")self.temp_lines = {}self.temp_data = {}# 初始化温度线temps = self.get_temperatures()for name in temps.keys():self.temp_data[name] = []line, = self.temp_ax.plot([], [], label=name, color=self.get_green_color(len(self.temp_lines)))self.temp_lines[name] = lineself.temp_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.temp_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.temp_fig)layout.addWidget(self.temp_canvas)# 添加工具栏temp_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.temp_canvas, self)layout.addWidget(temp_toolbar)# 传感器详细信息self.sensors_detail_label = QLabel()self.sensors_detail_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 9))layout.addWidget(self.sensors_detail_label)def create_battery_tab(self):"""创建电池监控标签页"""self.battery_tab = QWidget()self.tabs.addTab(self.battery_tab, "Battery")layout = QVBoxLayout(self.battery_tab)# 电池信息标签self.battery_info_label = QLabel()self.battery_info_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 12))layout.addWidget(self.battery_info_label)# 电池状态图表self.batt_fig, self.batt_ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 4))self.setup_chart_style(self.batt_fig, self.batt_ax, "Battery Level (%)")self.batt_line, = self.batt_ax.plot([], [], label='Battery', color='#00FF00')self.batt_ax.set_ylim(0, 100)self.batt_ax.set_xlim(0, 60)self.batt_ax.legend(facecolor='black', labelcolor='#00FF00')self.batt_canvas = FigureCanvas(self.batt_fig)layout.addWidget(self.batt_canvas)# 添加工具栏batt_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.batt_canvas, self)layout.addWidget(batt_toolbar)# 电池详细信息self.batt_detail_label = QLabel()self.batt_detail_label.setFont(QFont("Consolas", 9))layout.addWidget(self.batt_detail_label)# 初始化电池数据self.batt_data = []def setup_chart_style(self, fig, ax, title):"""设置图表样式"""fig.patch.set_facecolor('black')ax.set_facecolor('black')ax.tick_params(axis='x', colors='#00FF00')ax.tick_params(axis='y', colors='#00FF00')for spine in ax.spines.values():spine.set_color('#00FF00')ax.title.set_color('#00FF00')ax.set_title(title)def get_green_color(self, index):"""获取不同深浅的绿色"""intensity = 0.3 + (index % 8) * 0.1return (0, intensity, 0, 1)def create_toolbar(self):"""创建工具栏"""toolbar = QToolBar("主工具栏")self.addToolBar(Qt.TopToolBarArea, toolbar)# 主题切换theme_menu = QMenu("主题", self)matrix_action = QAction("矩阵风格", self)dark_action = QAction("暗黑风格", self)tech_action = QAction("科技风格", self)matrix_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.change_theme("matrix"))dark_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.change_theme("dark"))tech_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.change_theme("tech"))theme_menu.addAction(matrix_action)theme_menu.addAction(dark_action)theme_menu.addAction(tech_action)theme_button = toolbar.addAction("主题")theme_button.setMenu(theme_menu)# 刷新控制refresh_menu = QMenu("刷新率", self)fast_action = QAction("快速 (500ms)", self)normal_action = QAction("正常 (1s)", self)slow_action = QAction("慢速 (2s)", self)fast_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.change_refresh_rate(500))normal_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.change_refresh_rate(1000))slow_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self.change_refresh_rate(2000))refresh_menu.addAction(fast_action)refresh_menu.addAction(normal_action)refresh_menu.addAction(slow_action)refresh_button = toolbar.addAction("刷新率")refresh_button.setMenu(refresh_menu)# 窗口控制toolbar.addAction("分离窗口", self.detach_window)toolbar.addAction("重置布局", self.reset_layout)def show_context_menu(self, pos):"""显示右键菜单"""context_menu = QMenu(self)screenshot_action = QAction("截图保存", self)screenshot_action.triggered.connect(self.save_screenshot)export_action = QAction("导出数据", self)export_action.triggered.connect(self.export_data)context_menu.addAction(screenshot_action)context_menu.addAction(export_action)context_menu.exec_(self.mapToGlobal(pos))def init_data(self):"""初始化所有数据容器"""# CPU数据self.cpu_data = [[] for _ in range(psutil.cpu_count())]# 内存数据self.mem_data = []# GPU数据self.gpu_data = []# 网络数据self.net_sent_data = []self.net_recv_data = []self.last_net_io = Noneself.last_net_time = time.time()# 磁盘数据self.disk_read_data = []self.disk_write_data = []self.last_disk_io = Noneself.last_disk_time = time.time()# 温度数据self.temp_data = {name: [] for name in self.get_temperatures().keys()}# 电池数据self.batt_data = []def update_all(self):"""更新所有监控数据"""self.update_cpu()self.update_memory()self.update_gpu()self.update_network()self.update_disk()self.update_processes()self.update_sensors()self.update_battery()# 更新状态栏self.status_bar.setText(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") + " | System Monitoring Active | Press Ctrl+Q to exit")def update_cpu(self):"""更新CPU数据"""# 获取CPU使用率cpu_percent = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=0.1, percpu=True)# 更新数据for i, percent in enumerate(cpu_percent):self.cpu_data[i].append(percent)if len(self.cpu_data[i]) > 60:  # 保留60秒数据self.cpu_data[i] = self.cpu_data[i][-60:]# 更新图表for i, line in enumerate(self.cpu_lines):line.set_data(range(len(self.cpu_data[i])), self.cpu_data[i])# 自动调整Y轴范围max_val = max([max(core) for core in self.cpu_data if core] + [10])self.cpu_ax.set_ylim(0, max(100, max_val * 1.1))# 更新CPU信息标签cpu_count = psutil.cpu_count()cpu_freq = psutil.cpu_freq()info_text = (f"CPU: {psutil.cpu_percent()}% Total | "f"Cores: {cpu_count} | "f"Frequency: {cpu_freq.current:.2f} MHz (Max: {cpu_freq.max:.2f} MHz)")self.cpu_info_label.setText(info_text)# 重绘图表self.cpu_canvas.draw()def update_memory(self):"""更新内存数据"""# 获取内存使用情况mem = psutil.virtual_memory()swap = psutil.swap_memory()# 更新数据self.mem_data.append(mem.percent)if len(self.mem_data) > 60:self.mem_data = self.mem_data[-60:]# 更新图表self.mem_line.set_data(range(len(self.mem_data)), self.mem_data)# 自动调整Y轴范围max_val = max(self.mem_data + [10])self.mem_ax.set_ylim(0, max(100, max_val * 1.1))# 更新内存信息标签info_text = (f"Memory: {mem.percent}% Used | "f"Total: {self.format_bytes(mem.total)} | "f"Available: {self.format_bytes(mem.available)} | "f"Swap: {swap.percent}% Used ({self.format_bytes(swap.used)}/{self.format_bytes(swap.total)})")self.mem_info_label.setText(info_text)# 更新详细内存信息self.mem_detail_labels['total'].setText(self.format_bytes(mem.total))self.mem_detail_labels['available'].setText(self.format_bytes(mem.available))self.mem_detail_labels['used'].setText(self.format_bytes(mem.used))self.mem_detail_labels['free'].setText(self.format_bytes(mem.free))self.mem_detail_labels['percent'].setText(f"{mem.percent}%")self.mem_detail_labels['swap_total'].setText(self.format_bytes(swap.total))self.mem_detail_labels['swap_used'].setText(self.format_bytes(swap.used))self.mem_detail_labels['swap_free'].setText(self.format_bytes(swap.free))self.mem_detail_labels['swap_percent'].setText(f"{swap.percent}%")# 重绘图表self.mem_canvas.draw()def update_gpu(self):"""更新GPU数据"""try:import GPUtilgpus = GPUtil.getGPUs()if gpus:gpu = gpus[0]  # 只显示第一个GPUgpu_percent = gpu.load * 100# 更新数据self.gpu_data.append(gpu_percent)if len(self.gpu_data) > 60:self.gpu_data = self.gpu_data[-60:]# 更新图表self.gpu_line.set_data(range(len(self.gpu_data)), self.gpu_data)# 自动调整Y轴范围max_val = max(self.gpu_data + [10])self.gpu_ax.set_ylim(0, max(100, max_val * 1.1))# 更新GPU信息info_text = (f"GPU: {gpu.name} | "f"Usage: {gpu_percent:.1f}% | "f"Memory: {gpu.memoryUsed:.1f}/{gpu.memoryTotal:.1f} MB ({gpu.memoryUtil*100:.1f}%) | "f"Temperature: {gpu.temperature}°C")self.gpu_info_label.setText(info_text)# 更新GPU详细信息detail_text = (f"Driver: {gpu.driver}\n"f"UUID: {gpu.uuid}\n"f"Serial: {gpu.serial}\n"f"Display Mode: {gpu.display_mode}\n"f"Display Active: {gpu.display_active}")self.gpu_detail_label.setText(detail_text)# 重绘图表self.gpu_canvas.draw()else:self.gpu_info_label.setText("No GPU detected")except ImportError:self.gpu_info_label.setText("GPUtil library not installed. Install with: pip install gputil")except Exception as e:self.gpu_info_label.setText(f"GPU monitoring error: {str(e)}")def update_network(self):"""更新网络数据"""# 获取网络IOnet_io = psutil.net_io_counters()# 如果是第一次调用，只保存当前值不计算if self.last_net_io is None:self.last_net_io = net_ioself.last_net_time = time.time()return  # 第一次不进行计算# 计算每秒的发送/接收量 (MB)time_passed = time.time() - self.last_net_timeif time_passed > 0:  # 避免除以0sent_mb = (net_io.bytes_sent - self.last_net_io.bytes_sent) / (1024 * 1024 * time_passed)recv_mb = (net_io.bytes_recv - self.last_net_io.bytes_recv) / (1024 * 1024 * time_passed)# 更新数据self.net_sent_data.append(sent_mb)self.net_recv_data.append(recv_mb)if len(self.net_sent_data) > 60:self.net_sent_data = self.net_sent_data[-60:]self.net_recv_data = self.net_recv_data[-60:]# 更新图表self.net_sent_line.set_data(range(len(self.net_sent_data)), self.net_sent_data)self.net_recv_line.set_data(range(len(self.net_recv_data)), self.net_recv_data)# 自动调整Y轴范围max_val = max(max(self.net_sent_data + [0.1]), max(self.net_recv_data + [0.1]))self.net_ax.set_ylim(0, max(10, max_val * 1.1))# 更新网络信息info_text = (f"Network: Sent {sent_mb:.2f} MB/s | Received {recv_mb:.2f} MB/s | "f"Total Sent: {self.format_bytes(net_io.bytes_sent)} | "f"Total Received: {self.format_bytes(net_io.bytes_recv)}")self.net_info_label.setText(info_text)# 更新网络详细信息net_if_addrs = psutil.net_if_addrs()net_if_stats = psutil.net_if_stats()detail_text = "Network Interfaces:\n"for interface, addrs in net_if_addrs.items():stats = net_if_stats.get(interface, None)detail_text += (f"\n{interface}: {stats.speed}Mbps " if stats else f"\n{interface}: ")for addr in addrs:if addr.family == psutil.AF_LINK:detail_text += f"MAC: {addr.address} "elif addr.family == 2:  # AF_INETdetail_text += f"IPv4: {addr.address} "elif addr.family == 23:  # AF_INET6detail_text += f"IPv6: {addr.address} "self.net_detail_label.setText(detail_text)# 重绘图表self.net_canvas.draw()# 保存当前值供下次比较self.last_net_io = net_ioself.last_net_time = time.time()def update_disk(self):"""更新磁盘数据"""# 获取磁盘IOdisk_io = psutil.disk_io_counters()# 如果是第一次调用，只保存当前值不计算if self.last_disk_io is None:self.last_disk_io = disk_ioself.last_disk_time = time.time()return  # 第一次不进行计算# 计算每秒的读/写量 (MB)time_passed = time.time() - self.last_disk_timeif time_passed > 0:  # 避免除以0read_mb = (disk_io.read_bytes - self.last_disk_io.read_bytes) / (1024 * 1024 * time_passed)write_mb = (disk_io.write_bytes - self.last_disk_io.write_bytes) / (1024 * 1024 * time_passed)# 更新数据self.disk_read_data.append(read_mb)self.disk_write_data.append(write_mb)if len(self.disk_read_data) > 60:self.disk_read_data = self.disk_read_data[-60:]self.disk_write_data = self.disk_write_data[-60:]# 更新图表self.disk_read_line.set_data(range(len(self.disk_read_data)), self.disk_read_data)self.disk_write_line.set_data(range(len(self.disk_write_data)), self.disk_write_data)# 自动调整Y轴范围max_val = max(max(self.disk_read_data + [0.1]), max(self.disk_write_data + [0.1]))self.disk_ax.set_ylim(0, max(10, max_val * 1.1))# 更新磁盘信息info_text = (f"Disk: Read {read_mb:.2f} MB/s | Write {write_mb:.2f} MB/s | "f"Total Read: {self.format_bytes(disk_io.read_bytes)} | "f"Total Write: {self.format_bytes(disk_io.write_bytes)}")self.disk_info_label.setText(info_text)# 重绘图表self.disk_canvas.draw()# 保存当前值供下次比较self.last_disk_io = disk_ioself.last_disk_time = time.time()# 更新磁盘分区信息partitions = psutil.disk_partitions()usage = [psutil.disk_usage(p.mountpoint) for p in partitions]detail_text = "Disk Partitions:\n"for p, u in zip(partitions, usage):detail_text += (f"\n{p.device} -> {p.mountpoint} ({p.fstype}) "f"Total: {self.format_bytes(u.total)} "f"Used: {self.format_bytes(u.used)} ({u.percent}%) "f"Free: {self.format_bytes(u.free)}")self.disk_partitions_label.setText(detail_text)def update_processes(self):"""更新进程信息"""try:# 获取进程列表并按CPU排序processes = []for proc in psutil.process_iter(['pid', 'name', 'cpu_percent', 'memory_percent', 'status', 'username']):try:processes.append((proc.info['pid'],proc.info['name'],proc.info['cpu_percent'],proc.info['memory_percent'],proc.info['status'],proc.info['username'] or 'N/A'))except (psutil.NoSuchProcess, psutil.AccessDenied, psutil.ZombieProcess):pass# 按CPU使用率排序processes.sort(key=lambda p: p[2], reverse=True)# 更新表格self.process_table.setRowCount(len(processes[:50]))  # 只显示前50个for row, proc in enumerate(processes[:50]):for col, val in enumerate(proc):item = QTableWidgetItem(str(val))item.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)# 高亮显示高资源占用的进程if col == 2 and val > 50:  # CPU > 50%item.setForeground(QColor(255, 0, 0))elif col == 3 and val > 10:  # 内存 > 10%item.setForeground(QColor(255, 165, 0))self.process_table.setItem(row, col, item)# 更新进程信息标签total_procs = len(processes)running_procs = sum(1 for p in processes if p[4] == 'running')self.process_info_label.setText(f"系统进程监控 | 总数: {total_procs} | 运行中: {running_procs} | 显示CPU最高的50个进程")except Exception as e:self.process_info_label.setText(f"进程监控错误: {str(e)}")def update_sensors(self):"""更新传感器数据"""try:temps = self.get_temperatures()# 更新温度数据for name, temp in temps.items():if name in self.temp_data:self.temp_data[name].append(temp)if len(self.temp_data[name]) > 60:self.temp_data[name] = self.temp_data[name][-60:]# 更新图表if name in self.temp_lines:self.temp_lines[name].set_data(range(len(self.temp_data[name])), self.temp_data[name])# 自动调整Y轴范围max_temp = max([max(data) for data in self.temp_data.values() if data] + [50])self.temp_ax.set_ylim(0, max(90, max_temp * 1.1))# 更新传感器信息fan_info = self.get_fan_speeds()voltage_info = self.get_voltages()info_text = "传感器数据:\n"info_text += "\n温度:\n"for name, temp in temps.items():info_text += f"{name}: {temp}°C  "if fan_info:info_text += "\n\n风扇转速:\n"for name, speed in fan_info.items():info_text += f"{name}: {speed}RPM  "if voltage_info:info_text += "\n\n电压:\n"for name, volt in voltage_info.items():info_text += f"{name}: {volt}V  "self.sensors_detail_label.setText(info_text)self.temp_canvas.draw()except Exception as e:self.sensors_detail_label.setText(f"传感器监控错误: {str(e)}")def update_battery(self):"""更新电池信息"""try:battery = psutil.sensors_battery()if battery is None:self.battery_info_label.setText("未检测到电池")return# 更新电池数据self.batt_data.append(battery.percent)if len(self.batt_data) > 60:self.batt_data = self.batt_data[-60:]# 更新图表self.batt_line.set_data(range(len(self.batt_data)), self.batt_data)self.batt_ax.set_ylim(0, 100)self.batt_canvas.draw()# 更新电池信息status = "充电中" if battery.power_plugged else "放电中"time_left = "N/A"if battery.secsleft != psutil.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED:hours, remainder = divmod(battery.secsleft, 3600)minutes, _ = divmod(remainder, 60)time_left = f"{hours}h {minutes}m"info_text = (f"电池状态: {battery.percent}% | {status} | "f"剩余时间: {time_left}")self.battery_info_label.setText(info_text)# 更新详细信息detail_text = (f"是否充电: {'是' if battery.power_plugged else '否'}\n"f"剩余电量: {battery.percent}%\n"f"剩余时间: {time_left}\n"f"电池状态: {status}")self.batt_detail_label.setText(detail_text)except Exception as e:self.battery_info_label.setText(f"电池监控错误: {str(e)}")def get_temperatures(self):"""获取温度数据"""temps = {}try:# CPU温度if hasattr(psutil, "sensors_temperatures"):sensors = psutil.sensors_temperatures()for name, entries in sensors.items():for entry in entries:temps[f"{name}_{entry.label or 'temp'}"] = entry.current# GPU温度 (需要额外库)try:import GPUtilgpus = GPUtil.getGPUs()for i, gpu in enumerate(gpus):temps[f"GPU_{i}"] = gpu.temperatureexcept ImportError:pass# 如果没有获取到温度数据，使用模拟数据if not temps:temps = {"CPU": np.random.normal(50, 5),"GPU": np.random.normal(60, 8)}except Exception:temps = {"CPU": np.random.normal(50, 5),"GPU": np.random.normal(60, 8)}return tempsdef get_fan_speeds(self):"""获取风扇转速"""fans = {}try:if hasattr(psutil, "sensors_fans"):sensors = psutil.sensors_fans()for name, entries in sensors.items():for i, entry in enumerate(entries):fans[f"{name}_fan{i+1}"] = entry.currentexcept Exception:passreturn fansdef get_voltages(self):"""获取电压数据"""volts = {}try:# 需要特定平台的实现passexcept Exception:passreturn voltsdef format_bytes(self, size):"""格式化字节大小为易读的字符串"""for unit in ['B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB']:if size < 1024.0:return f"{size:.1f} {unit}"size /= 1024.0return f"{size:.1f} PB"def change_theme(self, theme_name):"""切换主题"""self.current_theme = theme_nameself.init_theme()def change_refresh_rate(self, interval):"""更改刷新频率"""self.timer.setInterval(interval)def detach_window(self):"""分离当前标签页为独立窗口"""current_tab = self.tabs.currentWidget()if current_tab:dock = QDockWidget(self.tabs.tabText(self.tabs.currentIndex()), self)dock.setWidget(current_tab)self.addDockWidget(Qt.RightDockWidgetArea, dock)def reset_layout(self):"""重置窗口布局"""for dock in self.findChildren(QDockWidget):dock.close()def save_screenshot(self):"""保存截图"""# 实现截图保存逻辑passdef export_data(self):"""导出数据"""# 实现数据导出逻辑passdef keyPressEvent(self, event):"""键盘事件处理"""if event.key() == Qt.Key_Q and event.modifiers() == Qt.ControlModifier:self.close()if __name__ == "__main__":app = QApplication(sys.argv)# 设置全局字体font = QFont("Consolas", 10)app.setFont(font)monitor = SystemMonitor()monitor.show()sys.exit(app.exec_())

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总结与展望

本文介绍了一个具有《黑客帝国》风格的系统监控工具的实现。该项目展示了如何将实用的系统监控功能与美观的视觉效果相结合，主要特点包括：

1. 全面的系统资源监控能力
2. 独特的数字雨背景效果
3. 直观的动态数据可视化
4. 良好的用户体验和交互设计

未来改进方向

1. 更多主题支持：实现暗黑、科技等多种主题风格
2. 报警功能：当资源使用超过阈值时发出警告
3. 历史数据记录：保存监控数据供后续分析
4. 远程监控：支持通过网络监控其他计算机
5. 移动端适配：开发手机版监控应用

通过这个项目，我们不仅学习了PyQt5 GUI开发、psutil系统信息获取等技术，还探索了如何将创意视觉效果融入实用工具中。希望本文能为读者开发自己的系统监控工具提供有价值的参考。

注：本文代码在Windows/Linux/macOS上测试通过，需要Python 3.6+环境。GPU监控功能需要额外安装GPUtil库。