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STM32G4 电机外设篇（三） TIM1 发波和 ADC COMP DAC级联

news 来源：原创 2025/6/3 18:59:53

一、STM32G4 电机外设篇（三） TIM1 发波和 ADC COMP DAC级联

1 TIM1 高级定时器发波

本章接线图详见之前的文章，记住要断开三相电机的uvw接线，否则输出的pwm波会影响电机

1.1 stm32cubemx配置

本实验计划使用TIM1发出3对互补的PWM波，来模拟驱动电机
打开之前文章的STM32CubeMx，配置时钟源和TIM1
使用通道4触发ADC采样，配置PWM但是不输出
RCR设置为1
RCR可以理解为一个队计时器触发频率的分频
设置完成后打开keil文件，修改代码
1. 注释User Code 4中的中断处理函数，约在291行

//User Code PV中修改
float temp[3];
uint8_t tempData[16] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0x80,0x7F};//User Code 2中修改
HAL_OPAMP_Start(&hopamp1);//使能运放
HAL_OPAMP_Start(&hopamp2);
HAL_OPAMP_Start(&hopamp3);
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart3, (uint8_t *)&aRxBuffer, 1);
HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1,ADC_SINGLE_ENDED);//自校验，减少采样误差
HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc2,ADC_SINGLE_ENDED);
TIM1->PSC = 30000;
TIM1->ARR = 10000;
TIM1->CCR1 = 2000;
TIM1->CCR2 = 5000;
TIM1->CCR3 = 8000;
HAL_TIM_Base_Start(&htim1);
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_3);
HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_3);/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */修改
while(1)
{
//		HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);
//		HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc2);//使能规则组转捿
//		HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStart_IT(&hadc1);
//		HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStart_IT(&hadc2);//使能规则组转换，并产生注入组中断
//		temp[0] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);
//		temp[1] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc2) * 0.02094726f; //根据分压电阻计算
//		memcpy(tempData, (uint8_t *)&temp, sizeof(temp));
//		HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart3, (uint8_t *)tempData, 24);
//		HAL_Delay(1);if((GPIOA->IDR & GPIO_PIN_8)!=0){temp[0] = 1.0f;}else{temp[0] = 0.0f;}if((GPIOA->IDR & GPIO_PIN_9)!=0){temp[1] = 3.0f;}else{temp[1] = 2.0f;}if((GPIOA->IDR & GPIO_PIN_10)!=0){temp[2] = 5.0f;}else{temp[2] = 4.0f;}memcpy(tempData, (uint8_t *)&temp, sizeof(temp));HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart3, (uint8_t *)tempData, 16);
}/* USER CODE END WHILE */

打开VOFA，就能看到成功的PWM曲线图像

2 TIM1 ADC COMP DAC级联

电机控制环路主要涉及的外设功能包含高级定时器TIM1的发波，OPAMP 及 ADC 准确的采样三相电流，并在三相电流过流时及时封波，避免损坏硬件
本文将会使用STM32G4内部 TIM1ADCCOMP DAC级联使用
TIM1 发波时序和电流采样触发
在最高点前一点采样，因为采样需要一个短暂的时间，这个时间段电流最稳定
三相电流过流封波时序

2.1 stm32cubemx配置

在上一章的工程基础上增加TIM1通道4的触发源，作为ADC电流采样注入组的触发源，分别修改ADC1和ADC2的注入组转换触发源为TIM1比较4事件，增加PB1引脚功能
设置DAC_CHI连接MCU内部外设，其它参数默认
使能比较器负向为DAC3，触发方式为上升沿触发
设置封波实现的break触发，设置GPIO4，生成代码,
打开Keil软件修改代码

uint8_t adc1_in1, adc1_in2, adc1_in3;
float IA, IB, IC;
uint8_t ADC_offset, IA_Offset, IB_Offset, IC_Offset;
float load_data[5];
float temp[5];
uint8_t tempData[24] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0x80,0x7F};/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
HAL_OPAMP_Start(&hopamp1);//使能运放
HAL_OPAMP_Start(&hopamp2);
HAL_OPAMP_Start(&hopamp3);
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart3, (uint8_t *)&aRxBuffer, 1);
HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1,ADC_SINGLE_ENDED);//自校验，减少采样误差
HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc2,ADC_SINGLE_ENDED);
TIM1->ARR = 8000-1;
TIM1->CCR4 = 8000-2;
HAL_TIM_Base_Start(&htim1);
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_4);
HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStart_IT(&hadc1);
HAL_ADCEx_InjectedStart(&hadc2);
HAL_DAC_Start(&hdac3, DAC_CHANNEL_1);
HAL_DAC_SetValue(&hdac3, DAC_CHANNEL_1,	DAC_ALIGN_12B_R, 3000);
HAL_COMP_Start(&hcomp1);/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while(1)
{HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc2);Vpoten = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);adc_vbus = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc2);Vbus = adc_vbus * 3.3f/4096*26;HAL_Delay(10);
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{/* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */UNUSED(GPIO_Pin);if(Button2_Pin == GPIO_Pin){HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_2);HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_3);HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Start(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);}if(Button3_Pin == GPIO_Pin){HAL_TIM_PWM_Stop(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);HAL_TIM_PWM_Stop(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_2);HAL_TIM_PWM_Stop(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_3);HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Stop(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_1);HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Stop(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_2);HAL_TIMEx_PWMN_Stop(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_3);}
}//注入中断处理程序
void HAL_ADCEx_InjectedConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef *hadc)
{static uint8_t cnt;/* Prevent unused argument(s)compilation warning */UNUSED(hadc);if(hadc == &hadc1){if(ADC_offset == 0){cnt++;adc1_in1 = hadc1.Instance->JDR1;adc1_in2 = hadc2.Instance->JDR1;adc1_in3 = hadc1.Instance->JDR2;IA_Offset += adc1_in1;IB_Offset += adc1_in2;IC_Offset += adc1_in3;if(cnt >= 10){ADC_offset =1;IA_Offset = IA_Offset/10;IB_Offset = IB_Offset/10;IC_Offset = IC_Offset/10;}}else{adc1_in1 = hadc1.Instance->JDR1;IA = (adc1_in1 - IA_Offset)*0.0193359375f;adc1_in2 = hadc2.Instance->JDR1;IB = (adc1_in2 - IB_Offset)*0.0193359375f;adc1_in3 = hadc1.Instance->JDR2;IC = (adc1_in3 - IC_Offset)*0.0193359375f;TIM1->CCR1= 2000;TIM1->CCR2= 4000;TIM1->CCR3= 6000;load_data[0] = IA;load_data[1] = IB;load_data[2] = IC;load_data[3]= 0;load_data[4]= 0;memcpy(tempData,(uint8_t*)&load_data, sizeof(load_data));HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart3,(uint8_t *)tempData, 6*4);}}
}