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harmonyOS 手机，双折叠，平板，PC端屏幕适配

news 来源：原创 2025/5/1 6:31:26

由于HarmonyOS设备的屏幕尺寸和分辨率各不相同，开发者需要采取适当的措施来适配不同的屏幕。

1.EntryAbility.ets文件里：onWindowStageCreate方法里判断设备类型，
如果是pad，需全屏展示（按客户需求来，本次需求按全屏展示），功能实现如下：

	onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void {windowStage.getMainWindow().then((windowClass) => {try {//判断是否是padif(deviceInfo.deviceType == 'tablet') {//pad//pad横屏let orientation = window.Orientation.AUTO_ROTATION_LANDSCAPE_RESTRICTED;let promise = windowClass.setPreferredOrientation(orientation);//如果是pad横屏promise.then(() => {console.info('Succeeded in setting the window orientation.');}).catch((err: BusinessError) => {console.error(`Failed to set the window orientation. Cause code: ${err.code}, message: ${err.message}`);});}}catch (exception) {console.error(`Failed to set window orientation. Cause code: ${exception.code}, message: ${exception.message}`);}// 获取窗口尺寸，存入AppStorageAppStorage.setOrCreate('winWidth', windowClass.getWindowProperties().windowRect.width);AppStorage.setOrCreate('winHeight', windowClass.getWindowProperties().windowRect.height);// 监听窗口尺寸变化windowClass.on('windowSizeChange', (windowSize) => {//监听窗口尺寸变化AppStorage.setOrCreate('winWidth', windowSize.width);//如果窗口变化了，立马更新存储值-宽AppStorage.setOrCreate('winHeight', windowSize.height);//如果窗口变化了，立马更新存储值-高console.log('宽高',String(windowSize.width), String(windowSize.height))//});});// Main window is created, set main page for this abilityconsole.info('onWindowStageCreate');AppStorage.setOrCreate('windowStage',windowStage);AppUtil.init(this.context);try {let windowClass: window.Window = windowStage.getMainWindowSync()AppStorage.setOrCreate('windowClass', windowClass)// 设置窗口全屏windowClass.setWindowLayoutFullScreen(true)let topRect = windowClass.getWindowAvoidArea(window.AvoidAreaType.TYPE_CUTOUT).topRect//获取顶部安全区域let bottomRect = windowClass.getWindowAvoidArea(window.AvoidAreaType.TYPE_NAVIGATION_INDICATOR).bottomRect//获取底部安全区域// 缓存window窗口对象AppStorage.setOrCreate('windowClass', windowClass);AppStorage.setOrCreate('bottomAreaRectHeight', bottomRect.height);//把height-底部安全区域存储AppStorage.setOrCreate('topAreaRectHeight', topRect.height );//height-顶部安全区域存储this.updateBreakPoint(windowClass.getWindowProperties().windowRect.width, windowClass.getWindowProperties().windowRect.height);//获取窗口的宽 度和高度，计算此时是什么场景：直板机、折叠屏、pad等windowClass.on('windowSizeChange', (windowSize: window.Size) => {console.log('windowSizeChange',windowSize.width, windowSize.height)this.updateBreakPoint(windowSize.width, windowSize.height);//})} catch (exception) {Logger.error(`Failed to obtain the main window. Cause code: ${exception.code}, message: ${exception.message}`);}windowStage.loadContent('pages/LaunchPage', (err, data) => { if (err.code) { Logger.error('Failed to load the content. Cause: %{public}s', JSON.stringify(err) ?? ''); return; } }); }private updateBreakPoint(windowWidth: number, windowHeight: number): void {let curBp: string = '';let type = deviceInfo.deviceTypeif (type=='2in1'){//如果是电脑，直接走pad的适配（需要注意，如果是电脑，需要修改一些交互，比如键盘（onKeyEvent事件））AppStorage.setOrCreate('breakPoint', 'xl')return}// 平板，下面的就是根据当前实时屏幕尺寸，计算是处于哪种情况 md-直板机 lg-折叠屏  xl-pad(前面已提到，电脑的UI和pad的UI一致)if(type == 'tablet') {curBp = 'xl'AppStorage.setOrCreate('breakPoint', curBp)} else {console.log('windowHeight/windowWidth',windowWidth, windowHeight, windowHeight/windowWidth > 1.5)let windowWidthVp = windowWidth / display.getDefaultDisplaySync().densityPixels;if (windowWidthVp < 700) {curBp = 'md'} else {curBp = 'lg'}if(windowHeight/windowWidth > 1.5 == true) {curBp = 'md'} else {if(windowHeight<1500) {curBp = 'md'} else {curBp = 'lg'}}let ret: boolean = false;ret = display.isFoldable();console.log("curBp", curBp, windowWidthVp)if(deviceInfo.deviceType == 'phone' && ret == false) {AppStorage.setOrCreate('breakPoint', 'md')} else {AppStorage.setOrCreate('breakPoint', curBp)}}console.log('设备类型', curBp)}//以上的内容都是在应用入口完成，判断好设备类型和视口大小

2.上面是具体说明了判断设备的类型，以及监听窗口大小变化来更改视口类型，下面的内容主要是来介绍如何根据设备类型来适配UI：
其实在鸿蒙里，vp和安卓的dp单位等比，开发过程中，可以直接调成安卓单位的UI来开发，就可以兼容所有的设备（字体和组件宽高比，会自适应），我们需要关注的是，在不同设备下，布局的改变，这个时候需要根据我们计算出来的 breakPoint(xl:电脑，pad ， lg:折叠屏， md:手机)

export class BreakpointConstants{  //BreakpointConstants.ets工具类，md(直板机) lg(折叠屏) xl(电脑，平板)/*** Breakpoints that represent small device types.*/static readonly BREAKPOINT_SM: string = 'sm';/*** Breakpoints that represent middle device types.*/static readonly BREAKPOINT_MD: string = 'md';/*** Breakpoints that represent large device types.*/static readonly BREAKPOINT_LG: string = 'lg';/*** Breakpoints that represent large device types.*/static readonly BREAKPOINT_XL: string = 'xl';/*** Current breakpoints that to query the device types.*/static readonly CURRENT_BREAKPOINT: string = 'currentBreakpoint';/*** Range of the small device width.*/static readonly RANGE_SM: string = '(320vp<=width<520vp)';/*** Range of the middle device width.*/static readonly RANGE_MD: string = '(520vp<=width<840vp)';/*** Range of the large device width.*/static readonly RANGE_LG: string = '(840vp<=width)';/*** Range of the largePlus device width.*/static readonly RANGE_XL: string = '(1700vp<=width<=2720vp)';
}

使用方法如下：

 //声明一个变量，记录当前视口大小（md,lg,xl）(EntryAbility.ets存储值)@StorageLink('breakPoint') breakPoint: string = BreakpointConstants.BREAKPOINT_MD

布局兼容如下：

if (this.breakPoint=='xl') {  // pad 和 PC}else{  // 手机和双折叠}

双折叠适配如下：

①使用Flex布局

Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignItems: ItemAlign.Center, wrap: FlexWrap.Wrap }) {Column(){}.width(this.breakPoint == BreakpointConstants.BREAKPOINT_MD ? '100%' : '49%')Column(){}.width(this.breakPoint == BreakpointConstants.BREAKPOINT_MD ? '100%' : '49%')
}

②使用GridRow布局

 GridRow() {GridCol({ span: { sm: 12, md: 6, lg: 4 } }) {Column(){}}GridCol({ span: { sm: 12, md: 6, lg: 8 } }) {Column(){}}}.width('100%').height('100%')