绘制动态甘特图（以流水车间调度为例）

 

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import cm

# 中文字体配置（必须放在所有绘图语句之前）
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

# 时间矩阵数据
jobs = {
    '工件1': [31, 41, 25, 30],
    '工件2': [19, 55, 3, 34],
    '工件3': [23, 42, 27, 6],
    '工件4': [13, 22, 14, 13],
    '工件5': [33, 5, 57, 19]
}

# 初始化变量
machines = ['机器1', '机器2', '机器3', '机器4']
order = list(jobs.keys())
current_time = {m: 0 for m in machines}

# 使用专业色系（参考网页7）
colors = cm.get_cmap('viridis', len(jobs))(np.linspace(0, 1, len(jobs)))

# 计算调度时间表
schedule = []
total_time = 0
for job in order:
    times = jobs[job]
    start_times = []
    end_times = []
    
    for i, (m, t) in enumerate(zip(machines, times)):
        start = max(current_time[m], end_times[-1] if i > 0 else 0)
        end = start + t
        start_times.append(start)
        end_times.append(end)
        current_time[m] = end
    
    total_time = max(total_time, max(end_times))
    schedule.append({'job': job, 'start': start_times, 'end': end_times})

# 创建动态甘特图
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 6))
ax.set_xlabel('时间')
ax.set_ylabel('机器')
ax.set_yticks(range(len(machines)))
ax.set_yticklabels(machines)
ax.set_title(f'流水车间调度甘特图 | 合计用时：{total_time} 单位')

# 动画初始化函数
def init():
    ax.set_xlim(0, total_time)
    return []

# 动画更新函数（优化颜色绑定）
def update(frame):
    ax.clear()
    ax.set_yticks(range(len(machines)))
    ax.set_yticklabels(machines)
    
    current_total = 0
    for i, s in enumerate(schedule[:frame+1]):
        for m_idx in range(len(machines)):
            start = s['start'][m_idx]
            end = s['end'][m_idx]
            duration = end - start
            ax.broken_barh([(start, duration)], 
                          (m_idx-0.4, 0.8),
                          facecolors=colors[i],
                          edgecolor='black',
                          linewidth=0.5)
            current_total = max(current_total, end)
    
    # 动态创建图例句柄（参考网页6）
    handles = [plt.Rectangle((0,0),1,1, color=colors[i], ec='black') 
              for i in range(frame+1)]
    ax.legend(handles, order[:frame+1], 
             loc='upper right',
             title='加工序列',
             facecolor='#F0F0F0',
             edgecolor='black')
    
    ax.set_title(f'流水车间调度进度（{frame+1}/{len(order)}）| 当前用时：{current_total} | 总用时：{total_time}')
    return []

# 生成动画（调慢播放速度）
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(
    fig, 
    update, 
    frames=len(order),
    interval=1500,  # 每帧间隔1.5秒
    init_func=init, 
    blit=True, 
    repeat=False
)

plt.show()