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📌Python自定义消费Kafka至HDFS

当Flume消费Kafka出现问题间隔很长时间才发现，此时需要将历史未消费的数据，通过Python脚本重新消费并写入到指定位置，之后在数仓建表等操作，具体代码如下【Kafka --> Python脚本 --> HDFS】

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from kafka import KafkaConsumer
import json
from datetime import datetime
import time
from hdfs import InsecureClient##### 自定义消费KAFKA 数据 #####def consume_kafka_topic(bootstrap_servers, topic_name):"""消费指定Kafka Topic并处理消息（TXT格式）参数:bootstrap_servers (str): Kafka集群地址topic_name (str): 要消费的Topic名称"""# 创建HDFS客户端（需替换实际Hadoop地址和用户名）hdfs_client = InsecureClient('http://xxxxxxxxx:9870/', user='xxx')# 定义时间范围（毫秒级时间戳）start_time = int(datetime(2025, 3, 1).timestamp() * 1000)end_time = int(datetime(2025, 3, 31).timestamp() * 1000)# 创建Kafka消费者consumer = KafkaConsumer(topic_name,bootstrap_servers=bootstrap_servers,auto_offset_reset='earliest',enable_auto_commit=True,group_id='test-group4',value_deserializer=lambda x: json.loads(x.decode('utf-8')))buffer = []count = 0file_num = 1  # 文件序号print(f"开始消费Topic: {topic_name}，时间范围: {datetime.fromtimestamp(start_time/1000)} ~ {datetime.fromtimestamp(end_time/1000)}")try:for message in consumer:# 提取消息时间（假设消息中的time字段已经是毫秒时间戳）msg_time = message.value.get('time', 0)# print(f"msg_time:{msg_time}")# print(f"msg_time:{msg_time}")# 时间过滤（注意：原始代码中的+28800可能需要根据实际情况调整时区）if start_time <= msg_time < end_time:# 将整个JSON对象转为字符串json_str = json.dumps(message.value, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"  # 添加换行符buffer.append(json_str)count += 1# 达到30万条时写入文件if count >= 300000:filename = f"kafka_data_{file_num}.txt"hdfs_path = f"/tmp/mqtt_drive_data1/{filename}"# 写入HDFShdfs_client.write(hdfs_path, "".join(buffer).encode('utf-8-sig'), overwrite=True)print(f"已写入文件: hdfs://{hdfs_path} | 消息数: {count}")# 重置计数器和缓冲区buffer = []count = 0file_num += 1except KeyboardInterrupt:print("\n用户中断消费，正在保存剩余数据...")finally:# 保存剩余消息if count > 0:filename = f"kafka_data_{file_num}.txt"hdfs_path = f"/tmp/mqtt_drive_data1/{filename}"# 写入HDFShdfs_client.write(hdfs_path, "".join(buffer).encode('utf-8-sig'), overwrite=True)print(f"已写入剩余文件: hdfs://{hdfs_path} | 消息数: {count}")# 清理资源consumer.close()hdfs_client.close()print("消费任务完成")if __name__ == "__main__":# 配置参数KAFKA_SERVERS = "xxxxxxxx:9092,xxxxxxx:9092,xxxxxxx:9092"TARGET_TOPIC = "mqtt_drive"# 执行消费函数consume_kafka_topic(KAFKA_SERVERS, TARGET_TOPIC)

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