长沙优化网站搜索引擎营销的实现方法有哪些

1. 安装k3s集群

1.1 安装k3s（单节点快速体验）

# 使用root用户或sudo执行
curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io | sh -# 验证安装
sudo kubectl get nodes  # 应显示一个节点状态为Ready
sudo systemctl status k3s

1.2 设置kubectl快捷方式（可选）

mkdir -p ~/.kube
sudo cp /etc/rancher/k3s/k3s.yaml ~/.kube/config
sudo chown $USER ~/.kube/config
export KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/config

---

2. 部署MySQL数据库

2.1 创建持久化存储卷（PVC）

# mysql-pvc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:name: mysql-pvc
spec:accessModes:- ReadWriteOnceresources:requests:storage: 2Gi  # 生产环境建议5Gi以上

kubectl apply -f mysql-pvc.yaml

2.2 创建数据库密码Secret

kubectl create secret generic mysql-secret \--from-literal=root_password=your_secure_password \--from-literal=database=appdb

2.3 部署MySQL

# mysql-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: mysql-deployment
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: mysqltemplate:metadata:labels:app: mysqlspec:containers:- name: mysqlimage: mysql:8.0env:- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORDvalueFrom:secretKeyRef:name: mysql-secretkey: root_password- name: MYSQL_DATABASEvalueFrom:secretKeyRef:name: mysql-secretkey: databaseports:- containerPort: 3306volumeMounts:- mountPath: /var/lib/mysqlname: mysql-datavolumes:- name: mysql-datapersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: mysql-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-service
spec:selector:app: mysqlports:- port: 3306targetPort: 3306type: ClusterIP

kubectl apply -f mysql-deployment.yaml

---

3. 部署Redis缓存

3.1 创建Redis持久化存储

# redis-pvc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:name: redis-pvc
spec:accessModes:- ReadWriteOnceresources:requests:storage: 1Gi

kubectl apply -f redis-pvc.yaml

3.2 部署Redis

# redis-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: redis-deployment
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: redistemplate:metadata:labels:app: redisspec:containers:- name: redisimage: redis:alpineports:- containerPort: 6379volumeMounts:- mountPath: /dataname: redis-datacommand: ["redis-server", "--appendonly yes"]  # 启用持久化volumes:- name: redis-datapersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: redis-pvc
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: redis-service
spec:selector:app: redisports:- port: 6379targetPort: 6379type: ClusterIP

kubectl apply -f redis-deployment.yaml

---

4. 部署Golang应用

4.1 准备Golang Docker镜像

1. 创建示例Golang应用 main.go：

   package mainimport ("fmt""net/http""database/sql"_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql""github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
   )func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {// 连接MySQLdb, _ := sql.Open("mysql", "root:${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}@tcp(mysql-service:3306)/${MYSQL_DATABASE}")defer db.Close()// 连接Redisrdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{Addr: "redis-service:6379"})defer rdb.Close()fmt.Fprintf(w, "Connected to MySQL and Redis!")
   }func main() {http.HandleFunc("/", handler)http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
   }
   

2. 创建 Dockerfile：

   FROM golang:1.20-alpine AS builder
   WORKDIR /app
   COPY . .
   RUN go mod init app && go mod tidy
   RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o /app/mainFROM alpine:latest
   COPY --from=builder /app/main /app/main
   EXPOSE 8080
   CMD ["/app/main"]
   

3. 构建并推送镜像到仓库（或本地构建）：

   docker build -t yourusername/golang-app:v1 .
   docker push yourusername/golang-app:v1
   

4.2 部署Golang应用到k3s

# golang-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: golang-deployment
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: golangtemplate:metadata:labels:app: golangspec:containers:- name: golangimage: yourusername/golang-app:v1  # 替换为你的镜像ports:- containerPort: 8080env:- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD  # 从Secret注入valueFrom:secretKeyRef:name: mysql-secretkey: root_password- name: MYSQL_DATABASEvalueFrom:secretKeyRef:name: mysql-secretkey: databaselivenessProbe:  # 健康检查httpGet:path: /port: 8080initialDelaySeconds: 10periodSeconds: 5
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: golang-service
spec:selector:app: golangports:- port: 8080targetPort: 8080type: ClusterIP

kubectl apply -f golang-deployment.yaml

---

5. 部署Nginx反向代理

5.1 创建Nginx配置文件

# nginx-config.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: nginx-config
data:default.conf: |server {listen 80;server_name localhost;location / {proxy_pass http://golang-service:8080;  # 转发到Golang服务proxy_set_header Host $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;}}

kubectl apply -f nginx-config.yaml

5.2 部署Nginx

# nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx-deployment
spec:replicas: 2selector:matchLabels:app: nginxtemplate:metadata:labels:app: nginxspec:containers:- name: nginximage: nginx:alpineports:- containerPort: 80volumeMounts:- mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.dname: nginx-configvolumes:- name: nginx-configconfigMap:name: nginx-config
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: nginx-service
spec:selector:app: nginxports:- port: 80targetPort: 80type: NodePort  # 或LoadBalancer

kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml

---

6. 验证部署

6.1 查看所有资源状态

kubectl get pods,svc,pvc

• 确保所有Pod状态为 Running，服务正常启动。

6.2 访问应用

# 获取Nginx的NodePort
kubectl get svc nginx-service -o jsonpath='{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}'# 访问应用（假设节点IP为192.168.1.100，NodePort为30007）
curl http://192.168.1.100:30007

• 预期输出：Connected to MySQL and Redis!

---

7. 扩展与维护

7.1 扩容Golang副本

kubectl scale deployment golang-deployment --replicas=3

7.2 更新Golang应用

1. 修改代码后重新构建镜像：

   docker build -t yourusername/golang-app:v2 .
   docker push yourusername/golang-app:v2
   

2. 更新Deployment镜像版本：

   kubectl set image deployment/golang-deployment golang=yourusername/golang-app:v2
   

---

8. 关键配置说明

组件	核心配置项	作用说明
MySQL	persistentVolumeClaim	数据持久化到PVC
Redis	command: ["redis-server", "--appendonly yes"]	启用AOF持久化
Golang	livenessProbe	自动重启不健康的Pod
Nginx	proxy_pass http://golang-service	反向代理到后端服务

---

附：常见问题排查

1. Golang无法连接MySQL/Redis

   • 检查服务名称是否正确（mysql-service、redis-service）
   • 验证Secret中的密码是否匹配

   kubectl exec -it <golang-pod> -- env | grep MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
   

2. Nginx返回502错误

   • 检查Golang服务是否正常运行：

     kubectl logs <golang-pod>
     

3. 持久化存储未生效

   • 确认PVC状态是否为 Bound：

     kubectl get pvc