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对上传的图片进行压缩，以保证它的大小不超过X MB

news 来源：原创 2025/4/30 15:23:13

你可以在保存文件之前，对上传的图片进行压缩，以保证它的大小不超过 3 MB。可以使用 PIL（Pillow）库来调整图片的尺寸和质量。这里是修改后的代码：

修改点

调整分辨率：如果图片大小超过 3 MB，则缩小分辨率。
调整压缩质量：JPEG 图片可以降低 quality 参数（如 85）。
PNG 图片转换：PNG 无法直接调整质量，可以减少色深或调整分辨率。

修改后的代码

from fastapi import APIRouter, UploadFile, File, Form, HTTPException
from PIL import Image
import os
import io

router = APIRouter()

MAX_FILE_SIZE_MB = 3
MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES = MAX_FILE_SIZE_MB * 1024 * 1024  # 3MB

def compress_image(image: Image.Image, format: str) -> bytes:
    """压缩图片至 3MB 以内"""
    quality = 95
    while True:
        img_byte_arr = io.BytesIO()
        if format == "JPEG":
            image.save(img_byte_arr, format="JPEG", quality=quality)
        elif format == "PNG":
            image.save(img_byte_arr, format="PNG", optimize=True)
        else:
            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Unsupported image format")
        
        img_size = img_byte_arr.tell()
        if img_size <= MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES or quality <= 20:
            break
        quality -= 5  # 逐步降低质量
        
    return img_byte_arr.getvalue()

async def process_uploaded_image(file: UploadFile):
    """处理上传的图片，调整大小，压缩"""
    if file.content_type not in ["image/jpeg", "image/png"]:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Only JPEG and PNG images are allowed")

    image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(await file.read()))
    
    # 调整图片大小，如果太大则缩小
    width, height = image.size
    if width > 2000 or height > 2000:
        image.thumbnail((2000, 2000))  # 先缩小到 2000x2000 以内

    format = "JPEG" if file.content_type == "image/jpeg" else "PNG"
    compressed_image_data = compress_image(image, format)
    
    return file.filename, compressed_image_data

@router.post("/upload/face-photo")
async def upload_face_photo(file: UploadFile = File(...), phone: str = Form(..., description="用户手机号")):
    """上传手机拍摄的人脸照片，并进行压缩"""
    filename, compressed_image_data = await process_uploaded_image(file)

    file_path = os.path.join(settings.TEMP_DIR, filename)
    with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
        f.write(compressed_image_data)

    url = upload_to_oss(file_path, filename)
    redis_key = f"face_photos:{phone}"
    redis_client.hset(redis_key, filename, url)

    os.remove(file_path)

    return {"message": "Face photo uploaded successfully", "phone": phone, "filename": filename, "url": url}

@router.post("/upload/arm-photo")
async def upload_phone_photo(file: UploadFile = File(...), phone: str = Form(..., description="用户手机号")):
    """上传手机拍摄的手臂照片，并进行压缩"""
    filename, compressed_image_data = await process_uploaded_image(file)

    file_path = os.path.join(settings.TEMP_DIR, filename)
    with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
        f.write(compressed_image_data)

    url = upload_to_oss(file_path, filename)
    redis_key = f"arm_photos:{phone}"
    redis_client.hset(redis_key, filename, url)

    os.remove(file_path)

    return {"message": "Arm photo uploaded successfully", "phone": phone, "filename": filename, "url": url}