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实现qq邮箱发送验证码登录

news 2025/11/3 14:07:50

实现qq邮箱发送验证码登录

一、前提准备（获取授权码）

打开qq邮箱，选择账号与安全

选择安全设置，设置打开POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务，点击获取授权码，之后按照要求验证获取即可。

二、需要的依赖和配置

除了正常的数据库连接依赖、MyBatis Plus和redis依赖以外还需要spring boot 内置的邮件依赖：

<!-- 邮件 -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置需要的配置：

mail:host: smtp.qq.comport: 465username: （你的qq邮箱）password:  （你的授权码）protocol: smtpsproperties:mail.smtp.auth: truemail.smtp.ssl.enable: truedata:redis:host: localhostport: 6379

三、邮件的工具类

创建MailUtil 工具类

@Component
public class MailUtil {@Autowiredprivate JavaMailSender mailSender;
// 发送邮件public void sendMail(String to, String subject, String text) {SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();message.setFrom("（你的qq邮箱）");message.setTo(to);message.setSubject(subject);message.setText(text);mailSender.send(message);}
}

四、创建控制类、服务类、mapper层

为了考虑到效率，这里用到了redis 临时存储钥匙：

控制器：

@GetMapping("/sendCode")
public String sendCode(@RequestParam String email) {String key = "login:code:" + email;String cooldownKey = "login:cooldown:" + email;// 生成验证码String code = String.valueOf(100000 + new Random().nextInt(900000));if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(redisTemplate.hasKey(cooldownKey))) {return "发送过于频繁，请稍后再试。";}// 检查 Redis 中是否已有未过期验证码if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(redisTemplate.hasKey(key))) {return "验证码未过期，请检查您的邮箱。";}redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(cooldownKey, "1", 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);try {// 发送邮件mailUtil.sendMail(email, "登录验证码", "您的验证码是：" + code + "，5分钟内有效。");// 邮件发送成功后再写入 RedisredisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, code, 5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return "邮件发送失败，请稍后重试。";}return "验证码已发送到 " + email;
}@PostMapping("/login")
public String login(@RequestParam String email, @RequestParam String code) {String redisCode = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("login:code:" + email);if (redisCode == null) {return "验证码已过期";}if (!redisCode.equals(code)) {return "验证码错误";}User user = userService.getOrCreateByEmail(email);redisTemplate.delete("login:code:" + email);return "登录成功，欢迎 " + user.getNickname();
}

Mapper

@Mapper
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {
}

服务类：

public interface UserService extends IService<User> {User getOrCreateByEmail(String email);
}


@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User> implements UserService {@Overridepublic User getOrCreateByEmail(String email) {User user = getOne(new QueryWrapper<User>().eq("email", email));if (user == null) {user = new User();user.setEmail(email);user.setNickname("用户" + email.substring(0, email.indexOf('@')));user.setStatus(1);user.setCreateTime(LocalDateTime.now());user.setUpdateTime(LocalDateTime.now());save(user);}return user;}
}

实体类：

@Data
@TableName("user")
public class User {@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)private Long id;private String email;private String nickname;private String avatar;private Integer status;private LocalDateTime createTime;private LocalDateTime updateTime;
}

自然也需要创建相应的表用来持久化存储、jwt token验证等等，，不过，这里我们只将如何实现关联qq邮箱的逻辑。。就不多说了。