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Unity游戏基础-6（跨平台生成游戏作品，针对安卓教程）

news 2025/10/18 6:36:40

本教程开始分享教学内容：Unity游戏基础，部分内容会包括Blender建模基础，Shader基础，动画基础等等，教程面向：建模、技术美术、游戏前端、游戏后端基础，适合美术与设计（数媒、环设、动画、产设、视传、绘画）专业、计算机（计算机科学与技术、软件工程、数媒）的同学学习。

本章节为第二章节，面向比较深层次的技术，包括shader基础、跨平台兼容（桌面端、移动端）

一、打开Adobe Illustrator

设计3个图案（摇杆可以使用其他图片替代，后期会专门为摇杆制作效果）

这些图标只在移动端出现，所以我们需要新建一个脚本来处理移动端和桌面端的图标，导出注意要透明

二、打开Unity

按照之前的教程做，我们截图跨平台部分只针对MobileControls操作，然后其他脚本的代码需要修改，修改部分需要认真核对，如果我核对出现错误，请积极指出错误！

1、要善于管理层级关系（直接使用空物体来作为父对象，相当于文件管理的文件夹的作用）

2、导入我们的图片作为控件

建议都放在Texture文件夹里面，注意了，此时的图片文件还不能正常使用，我们点击一个图片文件，在inspector窗口里面把 Texture Type改成Sprite（2D and UI），这样后期我们可以改白色部分的颜色

3、部署控件

（需要4个Image控件，层级关系如上图的MobileControls）

2D场景，去除了setting Form的设计方位，红色摇杆一定要在中间

三、注册事件、新建脚本

通过对控件的Add Components来添加EventTrigger ，疾跑同理

在Script文件夹里面新建一个脚本：PlatformInputManager，并且挂载给backController（黄色底的摇杆底座）

// PlatformInputManager.cs (修改版)
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine.UI;public class PlatformInputManager : MonoBehaviour
{public static PlatformInputManager Instance { get; private set; }[Header("移动控制")]public MoveControl mobileMoveControl;public GameObject mobileControls;[Header("平台设置")]public bool forceMobile = false;private bool isMobilePlatform = false;private bool isInitialized = false;private bool isjumpdown;private bool isSpeed;void Awake(){if (Instance == null){Instance = this;DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);}else{Destroy(gameObject);return;}DetectPlatform();SetupControls();isInitialized = true;}void DetectPlatform(){isMobilePlatform = forceMobile ||Application.isMobilePlatform ||Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.Android ||Application.platform == RuntimePlatform.IPhonePlayer;}void SetupControls(){if (mobileControls != null){mobileControls.SetActive(isMobilePlatform);}if (!isMobilePlatform){Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.Locked;}else{Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.None;Cursor.visible = true;}}public bool IsMobile(){return isMobilePlatform;}public Vector2 GetMovementInput(){if (!isInitialized) return Vector2.zero;if (isMobilePlatform && mobileMoveControl != null){return mobileMoveControl.GetInputDirection();}else{return new Vector2(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"),Input.GetAxis("Vertical"));}}public Vector2 GetLookInput(){if (!isInitialized) return Vector2.zero;if (isMobilePlatform){return GetMobileLookInput();}else{return new Vector2(Input.GetAxis("Mouse X"),Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y"));}}private Vector2 GetMobileLookInput(){// 简单的触摸输入处理if (Input.touchCount > 0){Touch touch = Input.GetTouch(0);// 只处理在屏幕右半部分的触摸if (touch.position.x > Screen.width / 2){return touch.deltaPosition * 0.02f; // 灵敏度调整}}return Vector2.zero;}public void JumpDown(){isjumpdown = true;}public void JumpUp(){isjumpdown = false;}public void SpeedDown(){isSpeed = true;}public void SpeedUp(){isSpeed = false;}public bool IsJumpPressed(){if (!isInitialized) return false;if (isMobilePlatform){return isjumpdown;}else{return Input.GetButtonDown("Jump");}}public bool IsSprintPressed(){if (!isInitialized) return false;if (isMobilePlatform){return isSpeed;}else{return Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftShift);}}// 添加一个方法来强制更新控制状态public void RefreshControlState(){SetupControls();}
}

设置参数

新建脚本，MoveControl：专门处理移动端摇杆事件，同样地，挂载给backController（黄底底座）

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
using UnityEngine.UI;public class MoveControl : MonoBehaviour, IDragHandler, IPointerUpHandler, IPointerDownHandler
{private RectTransform background;private RectTransform handle;private Vector2 inputDirection;public static bool isDragging = false;public float HandleRange = 1f;public static bool isHandleIn;void Start(){background = GetComponent<RectTransform>();handle = transform.GetChild(0).GetComponent<RectTransform>();inputDirection = Vector2.zero;}public void OnDrag(PointerEventData eventData){isDragging = true;Vector2 position = Vector2.zero;if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(background,eventData.position,eventData.pressEventCamera,out position)){position.x = (position.x / background.sizeDelta.x);position.y = (position.y / background.sizeDelta.y);inputDirection = new Vector2(position.x * 2, position.y * 2);inputDirection = (inputDirection.magnitude > 1) ? inputDirection.normalized : inputDirection;handle.anchoredPosition = new Vector2(inputDirection.x * (background.sizeDelta.x / 2) * HandleRange,inputDirection.y * (background.sizeDelta.y / 2) * HandleRange);}}public void OnPointerDown(PointerEventData eventData){OnDrag(eventData);}public void OnPointerUp(PointerEventData eventData){isDragging = false;inputDirection = Vector2.zero;handle.anchoredPosition = Vector2.zero;}public Vector2 GetInputDirection(){return inputDirection;}public float GetHorizontal(){return inputDirection.x;}public float GetVertical(){return inputDirection.y;}public bool IsDragging(){return isDragging;}
}

参数设置

其中的private部分可以通过直接挂载摇杆实现，不需要获取子对象

四、修改其他代码

CameraController：Start方法

void Start()
{// 确保 PlatformInputManager 已初始化if (PlatformInputManager.Instance == null){GameObject inputManager = new GameObject("PlatformInputManager");inputManager.AddComponent<PlatformInputManager>();}// 移动端初始设置if (PlatformInputManager.Instance.IsMobile()){Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.None;isleave = false;}else{Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.Locked;}
//以下代码不变Vector3 angles = transform.eulerAngles;currentX = angles.y;currentY = angles.x;targetDistance = distance;cameraDirection = (transform.position - target.position).normalized;
}

HandleInput方法部分：

//需要大改
void HandleInput()//整合
{// 根据平台获取不同的输入if (PlatformInputManager.Instance.IsMobile()){HandleMobileInput();}else{HandleDesktopInput();}// 限制垂直角度currentY = Mathf.Clamp(currentY, minVerticalAngle, maxVerticalAngle);
}void HandleDesktopInput()//这一部分和上次的相同
{// 桌面端输入处理currentX += Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * rotationSpeed;currentY -= Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * rotationSpeed;// 滚轮缩放float scroll = Input.GetAxis("Mouse ScrollWheel");if (scroll != 0){distance -= scroll * zoomSpeed;distance = Mathf.Clamp(distance, minDistance, maxDistance);}
}void HandleMobileInput()//专门为移动端写的代码
{// 检查是否正在使用摇杆//Vector2 joystickInput = PlatformInputManager.Instance.GetMovementInput();//isUsingJoystick = joystickInput.magnitude > 0.1f;// 处理屏幕旋转（无论是否使用摇杆）if (enableTouchRotation && Input.touchCount > 0){// 遍历所有触摸点for (int i = 0; i < Input.touchCount; i++){Touch touch = Input.GetTouch(i);// 如果触摸点不在摇杆区域内，则处理为视角旋转// 只处理在屏幕右半部分的触摸if (touch.position.x > Screen.width / 2 && touch.phase == TouchPhase.Moved){currentX += touch.deltaPosition.x * touchSensitivity * mobileRotationMultiplier;currentY -= touch.deltaPosition.y * touchSensitivity * mobileRotationMultiplier;// 限制垂直角度currentY = Mathf.Clamp(currentY, minVerticalAngle, maxVerticalAngle);}            }}// 处理双指缩放（无论是否使用摇杆）?if (Input.touchCount == 2 & !MoveControl.isDragging){Touch touchZero = Input.GetTouch(0);Touch touchOne = Input.GetTouch(1);Vector2 touchZeroPrevPos = touchZero.position - touchZero.deltaPosition;Vector2 touchOnePrevPos = touchOne.position - touchOne.deltaPosition;float prevMagnitude = (touchZeroPrevPos - touchOnePrevPos).magnitude;float currentMagnitude = (touchZero.position - touchOne.position).magnitude;float difference = currentMagnitude - prevMagnitude;distance -= difference * zoomSpeed * 0.01f;distance = Mathf.Clamp(distance, minDistance, maxDistance);}
}

PlayerMovement：几个跳跃、冲刺、需要修改的部分

 void HandleJump(){if (PlatformInputManager.Instance.IsJumpPressed() && isGrounded){playerVelocity.y = Mathf.Sqrt(jumpHeight * -2f * gravity);}}void HandleMovement(){// 通过PlatformInputManager获取输入Vector2 input = PlatformInputManager.Instance.GetMovementInput();float horizontal = input.x;float vertical = input.y;// 如果是移动端，调整移动速度float speedMultiplier = PlatformInputManager.Instance.IsMobile() ?mobileMoveSpeedMultiplier : 1f;// 移动方向计算Vector3 camForward = Vector3.Scale(cameraTransform.forward, new Vector3(1, 0, 1)).normalized;Vector3 moveDirection = (camForward * vertical + cameraTransform.right * horizontal).normalized;// 应用移动速度Vector3 movement = moveDirection * moveSpeed * speedMultiplier * Time.deltaTime;controller.Move(movement);// 角色朝向移动方向if (moveDirection.magnitude > 0.1f){Quaternion targetRotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(moveDirection);float rotationMultiplier = PlatformInputManager.Instance.IsMobile() ?mobileRotationMultiplier : 1f;transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation,targetRotation,rotateSpeed * rotationMultiplier * Time.deltaTime);}if (isGrounded && playerVelocity.y < 0){playerVelocity.y = -2;}playerVelocity.y += gravity * Time.deltaTime;controller.Move(playerVelocity * Time.deltaTime);}void CheckSpeed()
{if (PlatformInputManager.Instance.IsSprintPressed()){moveSpeed = 15f;}else{moveSpeed = 5f;}
}