达梦数据库巡检常用语句
1.数据库授权信息查询
SELECT LIC_VERSION AS "许可证版本",
SERIES_NO AS "序列号",
CHECK_CODE AS "校验码",
AUTHORIZED_CUSTOMER AS "最终用户",
PROJECT_NAME AS "项目名称",
PRODUCT_TYPE AS "产品名称",
CASE SERVER_TYPE WHEN '1' THEN '正式版' WHEN '2' THEN '测试版' WHEN '3' THEN '试用版' WHEN '4' THEN '其他' END AS "产品类型",
TO_CHAR(EXPIRED_DATE) AS "有效日期",
OS_TYPE AS "授权系统",
TO_CHAR(AUTHORIZED_USER_NUMBER) AS "授权用户数",
NVL(TO_CHAR(CONCURRENCY_USER_NUMBER),'') AS "授权并发数",
NVL(TO_CHAR(MAX_CPU_NUM),'') AS "授权CPU个数",
CLUSTER_TYPE AS "授权集群"
FROM V$LICENSE;
2.查询数据库的实例信息
SELECT '版本号',(SELECT id_code)FROM v$instance
union all
select '数据库名',name from v$database
union all
select '实例名',instance_name from v$instance
union all
select '系统状态',status$ from v$instance
union all
select '实例模式',mode$ from v$instance
union all
select '是否启用归档',
case arch_mode when 'Y' then '是' when 'N' then '否' end
from v$database
union all
SELECT '页大小',cast(PAGE()/1024 as varchar)
union all
SELECT '大小写敏感',
cast(case SF_GET_CASE_SENSITIVE_FLAG()when '1' then '是' when '0' then '否' end as varchar)
union all
SELECT '字符集',
CASE SF_GET_UNICODE_FLAG() WHEN '0' THEN 'GBK18030' WHEN '1' then 'UTF-8' when '2' then 'EUC-KR' end
union all
SELECT '以字符为单位',
cast(case SF_GET_LENGTH_IN_CHAR()when '1' then '是' when '0' then '否' end as varchar)
union all
SELECT '空白字符填充模式',
cast(case (select BLANK_PAD_MODE()) when '1' then '是' when '0' then '否' end as varchar)
union all
select '日志文件个数',to_char(count(*)) from v$rlogfile
union all
select '日志文件大小',
cast(RLOG_SIZE/1024/1024 as varchar)
from v$rlogfile
where rowid =1
union all
select '创建时间',to_char(create_time) from v$database
union all
select '启动时间',to_char(last_startup_time) from v$database;
3.查询数据库中语句统计信息
select NAME,
STAT_VAL
from v$sysstat
where name in ('select statements',
'insert statements',
'delete statements',
'update statements',
'ddl statements',
'transaction total count')；
4.数据库表空间的状态检查
SELECT NAME AS "NAME",
CASE TYPE$ WHEN '1' THEN 'DB类型' WHEN '2' THEN '临时表空间' END AS "TYPE",
CASE STATUS$ WHEN '0' THEN '联机' WHEN '1' THEN '脱机' WHEN '2' THEN '脱机' WHEN '3' THEN '损坏'END AS "STATUS",
TOTAL_SIZE*PAGE/1024/1024 AS "TOTALSIZE",
FILE_NUM AS "FILENUM"
FROM V$TABLESPACE;
5.查询数据库表空间的使用情况
SELECT F.TABLESPACE_NAME ,
ROUND((T.TOTAL_SPACE - F.FREE_SPACE) / 1024, 2) "USED" ,
CASE WHEN H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE == 0 THEN ROUND(F.FREE_SPACE / 1024, 2) ELSE ROUND((H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE -(T.TOTAL_SPACE - F.FREE_SPACE)) / 1024, 2) END "FREE_MAX" ,
CASE WHEN H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE == 0 THEN ROUND(T.TOTAL_SPACE / 1024, 2) ELSE ROUND(H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE / 1024, 2) END "TOTAL_MAX" ,
CASE WHEN H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE == 0 THEN ROUND((F.FREE_SPACE/1024)/(T.TOTAL_SPACE / 1024), 4)*100||'%' ELSE ROUND(((H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE-(T.TOTAL_SPACE - F.FREE_SPACE))/1024)/(H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE / 1024), 4)*100||'%' END PER_FREE_MAX,
CASE WHEN H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE == 0 THEN ROUND((((T.TOTAL_SPACE - F.FREE_SPACE))/1024)/(T.TOTAL_SPACE / 1024), 4)*100||'%' ELSE ROUND((((T.TOTAL_SPACE - F.FREE_SPACE))/1024)/(H.TOTAL_MAX_SPACE / 1024), 4)*100||'%' END PER_USED_MAX ,
ROUND(F.FREE_SPACE / 1024, 2) "FREE" ,
ROUND(T.TOTAL_SPACE / 1024, 2) "TOTAL",
CASE WHEN T.TOTAL_SPACE == 0 THEN '' ELSE (ROUND((F.FREE_SPACE / T.TOTAL_SPACE), 4)* 100) || '% ' END PER_FREE,
CASE WHEN T.TOTAL_SPACE == 0 THEN '' ELSE (ROUND((T.TOTAL_SPACE - F.FREE_SPACE) / T.TOTAL_SPACE, 4) * 100)||'%' END PER_USED
FROM ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(BLOCKS * ( SELECT PARA_VALUE / 1024
FROM V$DM_INI
WHERE PARA_NAME = 'GLOBAL_PAGE_SIZE' ) / 1024)) FREE_SPACE
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME ) F, ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(BYTES / 1048576)) TOTAL_SPACE
FROM DBA_DATA_FILES
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME ) T, ( SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(MAXBYTES / 1048576)) TOTAL_MAX_SPACE
FROM DBA_DATA_FILES
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME ) H
WHERE F.TABLESPACE_NAME = T.TABLESPACE_NAME AND F.TABLESPACE_NAME =H.TABLESPACE_NAME;
6.查询表空间的数据文件使用情况
SELECT PATH,
TO_CHAR(TOTAL_SIZE*PAGE/1024/1024) AS TOTAL_SIZE,
TO_CHAR(FREE_SIZE*PAGE/1024/1024) AS FREE_SIZE,
(TO_CHAR(100-FREE_SIZE*100/TOTAL_SIZE)) AS REM_PER,
CASE AUTO_EXTEND WHEN '0' THEN '未开启' WHEN '1' THEN '已开启' END AS AUTO_EXTEND,
NEXT_SIZE,
MAX_SIZE,
b.TABLESPACE_NAME
FROM V$DATAFILE a,
dba_data_files b
where b.file_name = a.PATH
order by GROUP_ID;
7.查询数据库中的用户信息
SELECT A.USERNAME ,
CASE B.RN_FLAG WHEN '0' THEN '否' WHEN '1' THEN '是' END AS READ_ONLY,
CASE A.ACCOUNT_STATUS WHEN 'LOCKED' THEN '锁定' WHEN 'OPEN' THEN '正常' END AS "状态",
TO_CHAR(A.LOCK_DATE,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AS "锁定起始时间",
TO_CHAR(A.EXPIRY_DATE,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AS "密码截止使用时间",
TO_CHAR(round(datediff(DAY,TO_CHAR(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),TO_CHAR(A.EXPIRY_DATE,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')),2)) AS EXPIRY_DATE_DAY,
TO_CHAR(round(datediff(DAY,TO_CHAR(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),TO_CHAR(A.LOCK_DATE,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')),2)) AS LOCK_DATE_DAY,
A.DEFAULT_TABLESPACE,
A.PROFILE,
TO_CHAR(A.CREATED,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AS CREATE_TIME
FROM DBA_USERS A,
SYSUSERS B
WHERE A.USER_ID=B.ID;
8. 查询数据库中用户权限
SELECT USERNAME AS "用户名",
WM_CONCAT(PRIVILEGE) AS "默认权限"
FROM (SELECT A.USERNAME ,
C.PRIVILEGE
FROM DBA_USERS A,
SYSUSERS B, (SELECT A.*
FROM (SELECT GRANTEE,
GRANTED_ROLE PRIVILEGE,
'ROLE_PRIVS' PRIVILEGE_TYPE,
CASE ADMIN_OPTION WHEN 'Y' THEN 'YES' ELSE 'NO' END ADMIN_OPTION
FROM DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
UNION
SELECT GRANTEE,
PRIVILEGE,
'SYS_PRIVS' PRIVILEGE_TYPE,
ADMIN_OPTION
FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS
UNION
SELECT GRANTEE,
PRIVILEGE||' ON '||OWNER||'.'||TABLE_NAME PRIVILEGE,
'TABLE_PRIVS' PRIVILEGE_TYPE,
GRANTABLE
FROM DBA_TAB_PRIVS) A
WHERE GRANTEE IN (SELECT USERNAME
FROM ALL_USERS
WHERE USERNAME NOT IN ('SYS',
'SYSDBA',
'SYSSSO',
'SYSAUDITOR') ) ) C
WHERE A.USER_ID=B.ID AND A.USERNAME = C.GRANTEE)
GROUP BY USERNAME;
9. 查询数据库中的对象是否无效（函数、存储过程、包等对象）
SELECT OWNER,
OBJECT_NAME,
OBJECT_TYPE,
TO_CHAR(CREATED,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'),
TO_CHAR(LAST_DDL_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
FROM DBA_OBJECTS
WHERE OWNER NOT IN('SYS',
'SYSJOB',
'SYSAUDITOR',
'CTISYS',
'SYSSSO')
and STATUS = 'INVALID';
10. 查询数据库中的大表信息
SELECT A.TABLE_NAME,
A.TABLESPACE_NAME,
B.OWNER ,
B.BYTES
FROM (SELECT TABLE_NAME,
TABLESPACE_NAME
FROM ALL_TABLES
GROUP BY TABLE_NAME,
TABLESPACE_NAME) AS A
LEFT JOIN (SELECT OWNER,
SEGMENT_NAME,
SUM(BYTES) BYTES
FROM DBA_SEGMENTS
WHERE SEGMENT_TYPE='TABLE'
GROUP BY OWNER,
SEGMENT_NAME) AS B
ON A.TABLE_NAME=B.SEGMENT_NAME
WHERE B.OWNER NOT IN ('SYS',
'SYSDBA',
'SYSAUDITOR',
'SYSSSO',
'CTISYS')
ORDER BY BYTES DESC LIMIT 10;
11. 查询数据库中的分区大表信息
SELECT A.OWNER,
A.TABLE_NAME,
A.PARTITIONING_TYPE,
TO_CHAR(ROUND(TABLE_USED_SPACE(A.OWNER, A.TABLE_NAME) * PAGE / 1024.0 / 1024, 2)) SIZEMB,
A.PARTITION_COUNT as partition_num,
table_rowcount(a.owner, a.table_name) as row_num
FROM DBA_PART_TABLES a;
12. 查询数据库中会话的使用情况
SELECT *
FROM ( SELECT STATE ,
CASE WHEN INSTR(CLNT_IP, ':',8) > 0 THEN SUBSTR(CLNT_IP, 1, INSTR(CLNT_IP, ':',8) - 1) ELSE CLNT_IP END AS CLNT_IP ,
CLNT_TYPE,
CURR_SCH ,
USER_NAME,
COUNT(*) COUNTS
FROM V$SESSIONS
GROUP BY STATE ,
CASE WHEN INSTR(CLNT_IP, ':',8) > 0 THEN SUBSTR(CLNT_IP, 1, INSTR(CLNT_IP, ':',8) - 1) ELSE CLNT_IP END ,
CLNT_TYPE,
CURR_SCH ,
USER_NAME
ORDER BY STATE );
13. 长时间空闲会话检查
SELECT SESS_ID,
SESS_SEQ,
USER_NAME,
CREATE_TIME,
CLNT_TYPE,
CLNT_HOST,
CLNT_IP,
OSNAME,
CONN_TYPE,
CLNT_VER
FROM SYS.V$SESSIONS
WHERE STATE = 'IDLE'
AND DATEDIFF(HH, LAST_SEND_TIME, SYSDATE) > 48
AND DATEDIFF(HH, CREATE_TIME, SYSDATE) > 48;
14. 查询数据库的redo日志大小
SELECT FILE_ID,PATH,CLIENT_PATH,RLOG_SIZE FROM V$RLOGFILE;
15. 查询数据库的定时任务信息
SELECT SYSJOB."NAME" ,
SCHE."NAME" SCHENAME ,
SCHE."JOBID" ,
SCHE."TYPE" ,
SCHE."FREQ_INTERVAL" ,
SCHE."FREQ_SUB_INTERVAL",
SCHE."STARTTIME" ,
STEPS."NAME" STEPSNAME ,
STEPS."SEQNO" STEPSSEQNO,
STEPS."TYPE" STEPSTYPE ,
STEPS.COMMAND WHAT ,
STEPS.SUCC_ACTION,
STEPS.FAIL_ACTION
FROM SYSJOB.SYSJOBSCHEDULES SCHE
LEFT JOIN SYSJOB.SYSJOBSTEPS STEPS
ON SCHE.JOBID = STEPS.JOBID
LEFT JOIN SYSJOB.SYSJOBS SYSJOB
ON SCHE.JOBID = SYSJOB.ID
WHERE SCHE.VALID == 'Y'
ORDER BY STEPS.JOBID,
STEPS.SEQNO ASC;
16. 查询定时任务是否有错误
select NAME ,
'' STEPNAME ,
MAX(START_TIME) START_TIME,
ERRINFO
from ( SELECT NAME ,
MAX(START_TIME) START_TIME,
ERRINFO
FROM SYSJOB.SYSSTEPHISTORIES2
WHERE ERRCODE !=0
GROUP BY NAME,
ERRINFO
union all
select NAME ,
MAX(START_TIME) START_TIME,
ERRINFO
from SYSJOB.SYSJOBHISTORIES2
where ERRCODE !=0
GROUP BY NAME,
ERRINFO )
WHERE TO_CHAR(START_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') >= TO_CHAR(TRUNC(ADD_DAYS(SYSDATE, -7)),'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
GROUP BY NAME,
ERRINFO
ORDER BY START_TIME DESC LIMIT 10;
17. 数据字典的淘汰情况
SELECT ROUND(TOTAL_SIZE/1024.0/1024, 2) TOTALSIZE ,
ROUND(USED_SIZE /1024.0/1024, 2) USEDSIZE ,
DICT_NUM DICTNUM ,
ROUND(SIZE_LRU_DISCARD/1024.0/1024, 2) SIZELRUDISCARD,
LRU_DISCARD LRUDISCARD,
ROUND((USED_SIZE/1024.0/1024)/(TOTAL_SIZE/1024.0/1024)*100, 2) CACHE_HIT
FROM V$DB_CACHE;
18. 查询数据库中的无效索引
select owner,
index_name,
table_name,
index_type,
status
from dba_indexes
where status != 'VALID'
and owner not in ('SYS',
'SYSAUDITOR',
'SYSSSO',
'SYSDBA',
'DEM',
'SYSJOB',
'SYSDBO')
order by 1,2,3;
19. 查询数据库分区表中的无效索引
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT SCH_NAME,
INDEX_NAME,
PARTITION_NAME,
SUBPARTITION_NAME,
STATUS
FROM DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
UNION
SELECT SCH_NAME,
INDEX_NAME,
PARTITION_NAME,
NULL,
STATUS
FROM DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
UNION
SELECT OWNER, INDEX_NAME, NULL, NULL,STATUS FROM DBA_INDEXES) S
WHERE S.STATUS = 'UNUSABLE'
AND S.SCH_NAME NOT IN ('SYS',
'SYSAUDITOR',
'SYSSSO',
'SYSDBA',
'DEM',
'SYSJOB',
'SYSDBO')
ORDER BY 1,2;
20. 查询数据库中的大索引信息
SELECT objname AS "对象名",
objtype as "对象类型",
TABLESPACE_NAME AS "表空间",
to_char(round(TOT_BLOCKS/1024.0/1024.0*page(),2)) AS "大小(MB)"
from ( SELECT objname,
objtype,
TABLESPACE_NAME,
SUM(page_used) TOT_BLOCKS
FROM (select *
from
/*(select owner||'.'||table_name objname,
'TABLE/TABLE PART' objtype,
TABLESPACE_NAME,
TABLE_USED_PAGES(owner,table_name) page_used
from dba_tables
where tablespace_name not in ('TEMP','ROLL','SYSTEM')
and owner not in ('SYS','SYSAUDITOR','SYSSSO','SCHEDULER')
and temporary='N'
and TABLE_USED_PAGES(owner,table_name)> (select sum(TOTAL_SIZE)*0.0001 from v$datafile)
order by table_used_space(owner,table_name) desc
limit 10)
union all*/
(select owner||'.'||index_name objname,
'INDEX/INDEX PART' objtype,
TABLESPACE_NAME,
INDEX_USED_PAGES(owner,index_name) page_used
from dba_indexes
where tablespace_name not in ('TEMP',
'ROLL',
'SYSTEM')
and owner not in ('SYS',
'SYSAUDITOR',
'SYSSSO',
'SCHEDULER')
and temporary='N'
and INDEX_TYPE != 'CLUSTER'
and INDEX_USED_PAGES(owner,index_name)> (select sum(TOTAL_SIZE)* 0 from v$datafile)
order by index_used_space(owner,table_name) desc)
order by page_used desc limit 10 )
GROUP BY objname,
objtype,
TABLESPACE_NAME
order by TOT_BLOCKS DESC limit 10);
21. 查询监视器信息
select TO_CHAR(DW_CONN_TIME, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') CONN_TIME,
MON_CONFIRM,
MON_IP,
MON_ID,
MON_TERM
from v$dmmonitor;
22. 查询实例运行错误的日志
select * from V$INSTANCE_LOG_HISTORY where LEVEL$ not in ('INFO','WARN');
23. 查询数据库中是否存在死锁
SELECT TO_CHAR(HAPPEN_TIME,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') HAPPEN_TIME,
SQL_TEXT
FROM V$DEADLOCK_HISTORY
WHERE HAPPEN_TIME >DATEADD(DAY,-30,SYSDATE)
24. 查询数据库中的已经运行后的慢SQL
SELECT SQL_TEXT,
EXEC_TIME,
FINISH_TIME
FROM V$SYSTEM_LONG_EXEC_SQLS
ORDER BY EXEC_TIME DESC
25. 查询数据库中运行报错的SQL语句
SELECT SQL_TEXT,
ECPT_DESC,
max(ERR_TIME)ERR_TIME
FROM V$RUNTIME_ERR_HISTORY
group by SQL_TEXT,
ECPT_DESC LIMIT 10
26. 查询数据库中正在运行的慢SQL
select *
from ( SELECT DATEDIFF(MS,LAST_RECV_TIME,SYSDATE) EXEC_TIME,
DBMS_LOB.SUBSTR(SF_GET_SESSION_SQL(SESS_ID)) SLOW_SQL,
SESS_ID,
CURR_SCH,
THRD_ID,
LAST_RECV_TIME,
SUBSTR(CLNT_IP,8,13) CONN_IP
FROM V$SESSIONS
WHERE 1=1
and STATE='ACTIVE'
ORDER BY 1 DESC)
where EXEC_TIME >= ?
and LAST_RECV_TIME > TO_TIMESTAMP('2000-01-01 00:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') LIMIT ?