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Windows 主机侧日志排查

news 2025/7/26 9:05:00

0x00 背景

应急响应时，有些日志在主机侧没有收集到日志平台，需要上主机快速排查日志定位问题。

0x01 powershell 日志排查

1. 查询 Security 日志的 EventID 4624（成功登录事件），并列出所有字段

Get-WinEvent -LogName Security -FilterXPath "*[System[EventID=4624]]" -MaxEvents 1 | ForEach-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml()$xml.Event.EventData.Data | Select-Object Name, "#text" | Format-Table -AutoSize}

Name #text
----- -----
SubjectUserSid S-1-5-18
SubjectUserName W01Server0111$
SubjectDomainName yourdomain
SubjectLogonId 0x3e7
TargetUserSid S-1-5-21-1xxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx-1003
TargetUserName XXXX
TargetDomainName W01Server0111
TargetLogonId 0x3xxxxxxxx
LogonType 10
LogonProcessName User32
AuthenticationPackageName Negotiate
WorkstationName W01Server0111
LogonGuid {00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}
TransmittedServices -
LmPackageName -
KeyLength 0
ProcessId 0x58
ProcessName C:\Windows\System32\svchost.exe
IpAddress 10.111.1.100
IpPort 0
ImpersonationLevel %%1833
RestrictedAdminMode %%1843
TargetOutboundUserName -
TargetOutboundDomainName -
VirtualAccount %%1843
TargetLinkedLogonId 0x3e4cdeb1e
ElevatedToken %%1843

2. 查询 Security 日志的 EventID 4624（成功登录事件），并过滤特定字段

Get-WinEvent -LogName Security -FilterXPath "*[System[EventID=4624]]" -MaxEvents 1 | ForEach-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml(); $xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -in "TargetUserName", "IpAddress" } | Select-Object Name, "#text"}

Name #text
----- -----
TargetUserName XXXX
IpAddress 10.111.1.100

3. 查询 Security 日志的 EventID 4688（进程创建事件），并列出所有字段

Get-WinEvent -LogName Security -FilterXPath "*[System[EventID=4688]]" -MaxEvents 1 | ForEach-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml()$xml.Event.EventData.Data | Select-Object Name, "#text" | Format-Table -AutoSize}

Name #text
---- -----
SubjectUserSid S-1-5-18
SubjectUserName W01Server0111$
SubjectDomainName yourdomain
SubjectLogonId 0x3e8
NewProcessId 0x1688
NewProcessName C:\Program Files\TitanAgent\titan_guard.exe
TokenElevationType %%1936
ProcessId 0x24dc
CommandLine titan_guard.exe --log
TargetUserSid S-1-0-0
TargetUserName -
TargetDomainName -
TargetLogonId 0x0
ParentProcessName C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe
MandatoryLabel S-1-16-16384

4. 获取时间字段

Get-WinEvent -LogName Security -FilterXPath "*[System[EventID=4688]]" -MaxEvents 2 | ForEach-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml()[PSCustomObject]@{Time = $_.TimeCreated NewProcessName = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "NewProcessName" }).'#text'CommandLine = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "CommandLine" }).'#text'SubjectUserName = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "SubjectUserName" }).'#text'}} | Format-Table -AutoSize

Time NewProcessName CommandLine SubjectUserName
---- -------------- ----------- ---------------
7/01/2025 11:00:01 PM C:\Program Files\TitanAgent\titan_guard.exe titan_guard.exe --monitor W01Server0111$
7/01/2025 11:00:02 PM C:\Program Files\TitanAgent\titan_guard.exe titan_guard.exe --full_check W01Server0111$

5. 查询最近1000条日志，并排除processName和CommandLine含有一些关键字的单词

Get-WinEvent -LogName Security -FilterXPath "*[System[EventID=4688]]" -MaxEvents 1000 | Where-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml()$processName = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "NewProcessName" }).'#text'$CommandLine = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "CommandLine" }).'#text'$processName -notmatch 'titan_guard\.exe' -and $processName -notmatch 'splunk-.*\.exe' -and $processName -notmatch 'conhost\.exe' -and $processName -notmatch 'Dllhost\.exe' -and$CommandLine -notmatch 'agent_.*\.bat'} | ForEach-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml()[PSCustomObject]@{Time    = $_.TimeCreatedProcess = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "NewProcessName" }).'#text'Command = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "CommandLine" }).'#text'User    = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "SubjectUserName" }).'#text'}} | Format-Table -AutoSize

6. 新增时间过滤条件

$StartTime = Get-Date "2025-07-01 00:00:00" # 开始时间  
$EndTime = Get-Date "2025-07-01 01:50:59"   # 结束时间$Filter = @{LogName   = 'Security'ID        = 4688            # 进程创建事件      StartTime = $StartTime          EndTime   = $EndTime              
}Get-WinEvent -FilterHashtable $Filter -MaxEvents 1000 | Where-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml()$processName = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "NewProcessName" }).'#text'$CommandLine = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "CommandLine" }).'#text'$processName -notmatch 'titan_guard\.exe' -and $processName -notmatch 'splunk-.*\.exe' -and $processName -notmatch 'conhost\.exe' -and $processName -notmatch 'Dllhost\.exe' -and$CommandLine -notmatch 'agent_.*\.bat'} | ForEach-Object { $xml = [xml]$_.ToXml()[PSCustomObject]@{Time    = $_.TimeCreatedProcess = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "NewProcessName" }).'#text'Command = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "CommandLine" }).'#text'User    = ($xml.Event.EventData.Data | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "SubjectUserName" }).'#text'}} | Format-Table -AutoSize