ZZNU大一下 英语选填期末复习

 

 

 

UNIT 1 

3 . Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Each word can be used only once.

deficit（不足；缺陷 ）、adjust（调整；适应 ）、exposure（暴露；接触 ）、condense（压缩；精简 ）、asset（资产；优点 ）、competent（有能力的；能胜任的 ）、precise（精确的；准确的 ）、exceed（超过；超出 ）、beneficial（有益的；有利的 ）、adequate（足够的；适当的 ）

句子 1: The mayor decided to condense his speech in order to leave enough time for his audience to raise questions.

• condense (压缩): 缩短或压缩。

• 翻译：市长决定压缩他的演讲，以便为观众留出足够的时间来提问。

句子 2: It was reported that there was a vehicle missing every 20 seconds in the US. If the trends continue, experts predict annual vehicle thefts could exceed two million.

• exceed (超过): 超过某个数量或限制。

• 翻译：据报道，美国每20秒就有一辆车失踪。如果这种趋势持续下去，专家预测每年车辆盗窃案可能会超过两百万起。

句子 3: Researchers put patients through a set of psychological tests to determine the negative consequences of sleep deficit.

• deficit (缺乏): 缺乏或不足。

• 翻译：研究人员让患者进行一系列心理测试，以确定睡眠不足 的负面后果 。

句子 4: Too much exposure to dirty air can cause people to suffer from allergies and diseases that will eventually affect people's health.

• exposure (暴露): 暴露于某种环境或条件下。

• 翻译：过多暴露于污浊空气中会导致人们患上过敏和疾病，这最终会影响人们的健康。

句子 5: Moving forward even in the face of great difficulties has become my most important asset in my life since it has helped me accomplish something remarkable.

• “asset” 是名词，意为 “资产；优点” 

• 翻译：即使面对巨大困难仍奋勇前行，已成为我生活中最重要的优点 ，因为它帮助我取得了显著成就 。

句子 6: The lawyer proclaimed they couldn't jump to conclusions because acceptable conclusions must be supported by precise facts and evidence.

• precise (精确的): 精确的或准确的。jump to conclusions  ：  草率地下结论

• 翻译：律师宣称他们不能草率下结论，因为可接受的结论必须由精确的事实和证据支持。

句子 7: To help the employees be more communicative, the company is offering workshops for those who may be professionally competent but socially awkward.

• competent (有能力的): 有能力的或称职的。

• 翻译：为了帮助员工更善于交流，公司正在为那些可能在专业上有能力 但在社交方面笨拙的人提供培训课程 。

句子 8: Most parents, in fact, aren't very helpful with the problems that their sons and daughters have in adjusting to their college life.

• adjusting (调整): 适应或调整。

• 翻译：事实上，大多数父母在帮助他们的子女适应大学生活的问题上并没有太大帮助。

句子 9: You can count how many students passed an exam, but psychological and emotional feelings cannot be adequately measured.

• adequately (充分地): 足够地或适当地。

• 翻译：你可以统计有多少学生通过了考试，但心理和情感感受无法被恰当地衡量 。

句子 10: In short, participation in sports is extremely beneficial for college students not only physically but also emotionally and socially.

• beneficial (有益的): 有益的或有利的。

• 翻译：简而言之，参加体育运动对大学生来说极其有益 ，不仅在身体方面，而且在情感和社交方面也是如此 。

6 . Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.

A abundant（丰富的；大量的 ）、F distress（苦恼；忧虑 ）、K curious（好奇的 ）、B superficial（肤浅的；浅薄的 ）、G presently（目前；现在 ）、L obliged（有义务的；感激的 ，此处取 “oblige” 的过去分词形式，常用搭配 “be obliged to” ，表 “不得不；被迫” ）、C tedious（乏味的；单调的 ）、H efficiently（高效地 ）、M destinations（目的地 ）、D absorbed（被吸收的；专心致志的 ）、I adjusted（调整；调节 ，过去分词形式 ）、N evidently（显然；明显地 ）、E functions（功能；作用 ）、J beneficial（有益的；有利的 ）、O bulk（大量；大多数 ）

段落1：The Internet has made English learning much easier. English learners used to be 1) obliged to spend their time in libraries looking for the books that would help them in their language studies. It was very inconvenient because a lot of materials could only be found in 2) tedious and uninteresting textbooks and readers. But today authentic content on a variety of subjects is only a click away. This is especially 3) beneficial for those who want to learn English earnestly.

翻译：互联网让英语学习变得容易多了。过去，英语学习者 1) 不得不 花时间在图书馆寻找对他们语言学习有帮助的书籍。这很不方便，因为很多资料只能在 2) 乏味 又无趣的课本和读物中找到。但如今，各类学科的真实内容只需点击一下就能获取。这对那些想认真学习英语的人来说尤其 3) 有益 。

• “obliged” ：“be obliged to” 是固定搭配，意为 “不得不；被迫” ，过去英语学习者被迫花时间在图书馆找学习用书，符合语境 。
• “tedious” ：形容词，意为 “乏味的；单调的” ，修饰 “textbooks and readers” ，说明过去学习资料枯燥，和 “uninteresting” 并列 。
• “beneficial” ：形容词，意为 “有益的；有利的” ，如今网络上丰富内容对想认真学英语的人有益，语义通顺 。

段落 2: In order to achieve fluency in English, you need to be comfortable using at least 10,000 words. The 4) abundant materials on the Internet make it possible for you to choose appropriate content to read and listen to. These materials can be 5) adjusted to your level if you input some key words in the search engine. But how can you remember the 6) bulk of unfamiliar words?

翻译：为了达到英语流利水平，你需要熟练使用至少 10,000 个单词。互联网上 4) 丰富的 资料让你有可能选择合适的内容进行阅读和收听。如果你在搜索引擎中输入一些关键词，这些资料可以 5) 调整到 你的水平。但你如何记住 6) 大量 不熟悉的单词呢？

• “abundant” ：形容词，意为 “丰富的；大量的” ，互联网上丰富的资料让选择合适内容成为可能 。
• “adjusted” ：动词 “adjust” 的过去分词，“be adjusted to” 意为 “被调整到” ，输入关键词，资料能被调整到个人水平 。
• “bulk” ：名词，意为 “大量；大多数” ，“the bulk of” 表示 “…… 的大部分；大量的” ，指记住大量生词 。

第3段 ：In this case, the Internet 7)  evidently  makes it easier to learn vocabulary. You can use online dictionaries to instantly find out their grammatical 8) functions and the specific meaning of these words. The Internet helps you to 9) efficiently accumulate vocabulary based on lively and interesting language content, which greatly reduces your 10) distress caused by inability to remember the new words. The efficiency of this vocabulary learning is one of the reasons why the Internet has become an ideal place to learn English.

段落翻译：在这种情况下，互联网 7) 显然 让词汇学习变得更轻松。你可以使用在线词典立即查明这些单词的语法 8) 功能 以及具体含义。互联网帮助你基于生动有趣的语言内容 9) 高效地 积累词汇，这大大减少了你因记不住新单词而产生的 10) 苦恼 。这种词汇学习的高效性，是互联网成为学习英语理想场所的原因之一 。

by inability to do……  ：  因无能做……

• “evidently” ：副词，意为 “显然；明显地” ，修饰动词 “makes” ，说明互联网显然让词汇学习更轻松 。
• “functions” ：名词，意为 “功能；作用” ，“grammatical functions” 即 “语法功能” ，在线词典能查单词语法功能 。
• “efficiently” ：副词，意为 “高效地” ，修饰动词 “accumulate” ，互联网帮助高效积累词汇 。
• “distress” ：名词，意为 “苦恼；忧虑” ，减少因记不住新单词带来的苦恼 。

---

7 . Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. Each expression can be used only once.

be serious about（对…… 认真 ）、make sense（有意义；讲得通 ）、run into（偶遇；碰到 ）、distinguish between（区分；辨别 ）、thrust upon（强加于 ）、be attracted to（被…… 吸引 ）、get lost（迷失；迷路 ；不被理解 ）、feel obliged to（觉得有义务；不得不 ）、look upon as（把…… 看作 ）、be allergic to（对…… 过敏 ）

---

句子 1: Since we have invited all the other neighbors to our 25th wedding anniversary party, we feel obliged to invite the Browns too.

• feel obliged to (感到有义务): 感到有责任或义务去做某事。

• 翻译：既然我们已经邀请了所有其他邻居参加我们的25周年结婚纪念派对，我们感到有义务也邀请布朗一家。

句子 2: Most of the time, no one will care about natural disasters, and they won’t be serious about avoiding disasters till one has really struck.

• be serious about (认真对待): 对某事认真或严肃对待。

• 翻译：大多数时候，没人会在意自然灾害，而且直到灾难真的发生，他们才会认真对待防灾这件事 。

句子 3: When you run into a friend that you haven’t seen for a long time and have a good chat with him, you may feel very happy and delighted.

• run into (偶遇): 偶然遇见某人。

• 翻译：当你偶然遇见一个很久未见的朋友并与他愉快地聊天时，你可能会感到非常高兴和愉悦。

句子 4: It is very important to distinguish between facts and opinions in order to have a better understanding of what a reading passage is talking about.

• distinguish between (区分): 区分或辨别两者。

• 翻译：为了更好地理解一篇阅读文章在讲什么，区分事实和观点非常重要 。

句子 5: Though he was very excited about being elected as the president of the student association, many extra responsibilities have been thrust upon him ever since then.

• “thrust upon” 是 “强加于” 。

• 翻译：尽管他对当选为学生会主席感到非常兴奋，但自那时起，许多额外的责任就被委托给了他。

句子 6: The doctor, having no knowledge that I was allergic to this particular drug, prescribed the medicine.

• be allergic to (对...过敏): 对某物过敏。

• 翻译：这位医生不知道我对这种特定药物过敏，就开了这种药 。

句子 7: It’s understandable that, without any support, a 16-year-old can easily get lost in a committee of people in their forties.

• “get lost” 在这里结合语境是 “不被理解；陷入困惑（可意译为在…… 中不适应、不知所措 ）” 。

• 翻译：可以理解的是，没有任何支持的话，一个 16 岁的孩子在一个由四十多岁的人组成的委员会里很容易不适应（陷入困惑 ） 。

句子 8: It is hoped that some new high - tech companies will be attracted to this small, old town to encourage loans for building houses and factories.

• “be attracted to” 是 “被…… 吸引” 。
• 翻译：人们希望一些新的高科技公司会被这个古老的小镇吸引，从而促进建房和建厂贷款（带动相关贷款 ） 。

句子 9: It doesn’t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.

• make sense (有意义): 有意义或合理。

• 翻译：当这些更便宜的外套也一样好时，买那件昂贵的外套就没意义了 。

句子 10: A few years later, Franklin got married, started his own printing shop, and was looked upon as a successful young businessman.

• “look upon as” 指 “把…… 看作” 。

• 翻译：几年后，富兰克林结婚了，开了自己的印刷店，并且被看作是一位成功的年轻商人 。

---

 

UNIT 2

3 . Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Each word can be used only once.

boost（促进；推动 ）、prospect（前景；可能性 ）、calculate（计算；估量 ）、accelerate（加速；促进 ）、promote（促进；提升 ）、mystery（神秘；奥秘 ）、destruction（破坏；毁灭 ）、analysis（分析；解析 ）、insight（洞察力；了解 ）、barrier（障碍；阻碍 ）

句子 1: In our class, most discussions and activities take place in assigned small groups. These groups provide a supportive and safe environment that promotes learning.

• promotes: 促进

• 翻译：在我们班，大多数讨论和活动都在指定的小组中进行。这些小组提供了一个支持性且安全的环境，促进学习 。

句子 2: It is the development strategy of the company to promote its overseas expansion in order to take a slice of the world market.

• “accelerate” ：“加速；促进” 

• 翻译：为了在世界市场中分得一杯羹，加速海外扩张是该公司的发展战略 。

句子 3: Nearly six million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year, attracted by the mystery of her smile. When you’re not looking at her, she seems to be smiling; when you look at her, she stops.

• mystery (神秘): 神秘或难以理解的事物。

• 翻译：每年有近六百万人去观看蒙娜丽莎，被她微笑的神秘所吸引。当你不看她时，她似乎在微笑；当你看她时，她停止了微笑。

句子 4: To live with a family whose native language is English is the ideal way to further improve one’s English and to gain insight into its culture.

• insight (洞察力): 对某事物的深刻理解或认识。“gain insight into...” 是固定表达，意为 “深入了解……” 

• 翻译：与以英语为母语的家庭生活是进一步提高英语水平和深入了解其文化的理想方式。

句子 5: There is a real need to boost academic achievement in schools and help with the development of a student’s overall character.

• “boost” 是动词，意为 “促进；推动” 

• 翻译：确实有必要促进学校的学业成绩，并有助于学生全面性格的发展 。

句子 6: Einstein said his scientific discoveries grew from his imagination rather than from analysis, reason and language.

• analysis (分析): 分析或分解。

• 翻译：爱因斯坦说他的科学发现源于他的想象力，而不是分析、理性和语言。

句子 7: Being a single parent, there is no way for her to calculate the time and energy she has devoted to her children for the past 10 years.

• calculate (计算): 计算或估算。

• 翻译：作为一个单亲父母，她无法估量过去十年她为孩子们投入的时间和精力。

句子 8: It is essential that you start by listening because one of the main barriers teenagers and their parents face in forming positive relationships is that neither listens to the other.

• barriers (障碍): 障碍或阻碍。

• 翻译：你从倾听开始是至关重要的，因为青少年和他们的父母在建立积极关系时面临的主要障碍之一是双方都不听对方的话 。

句子 9: We all know the dangers of an earthquake: the destruction to buildings, the troubles can be caused by falling trees, and the terror occurs when the earth actually opens up.

• destruction (破坏): 破坏或毁坏。

• 翻译：我们都知道地震的危险：对建筑物的破坏，可能由倒下的树木引起的麻烦，以及当大地真正裂开时产生的恐惧。

句子 10: Not until recently have we realized that the increasing world population may lead to a potential gloomy prospect for humanity: starvation.

• prospect (前景): 前景或展望。

• 翻译：直到最近我们才意识到，世界人口的增长可能导致人类潜在的悲观前景：饥饿。

---

6 . Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.

A speculate（推测；推断 ）、B prospect（前景；可能性 ）、C insight（洞察力；深刻见解 ）、D boost（促进；推动 ）、E contest（竞赛；争论 ）、F affected（影响；使改变 ）、G appreciation（欣赏；赏识 ）、H education（教育 ）、I spectacular（壮观的；惊人的 ）、J mystery（神秘；奥秘 ）、K recovery（恢复；复苏 ）、L promote（促进；提升 ）、M invest（投资；投入 ）、N effected（实现；引起 ，effect 作动词时的过去式 / 过去分词，此处语境用其 “使发生、实现” 相关含义 ）、O aspiration（抱负；渴望 ）

---

段落 1: Through exploration of the humanities, we learn how to think creatively and critically, to learn how to analyze, and to ask questions. Because these skills allow us to gain new 1) insight into everything from poetry and paintings to business models and politics, humanistic subjects have been at the heart of a liberal arts 2) education since the ancient Greeks first used them to educate their citizens.

翻译：通过对人文学科的探索，我们学习如何进行创造性和批判性思考、分析以及提出问题。因为这些技能让我们对从诗歌、绘画到商业模式和政治的所有事物都能获得新的 1) 深刻见解 ，所以自从古希腊人首次用人文科目教育其公民以来，人文科目一直处于文科 2) 教育 的核心地位 。

• insights (洞察力): 深刻的理解或见识。

• education (教育): 教育或培养。

“insight” 在这里表达的是一种较为抽象的 “认知、理解” ，属于抽象概念范畴 。当抽象概念作不可数或习惯用单数形式表达时，就用单数 。像 “knowledge（知识 ）”“information（信息 ）” 等词，在很多语境里也是作为抽象概念用单数 。“gain new insight into...” 中，把 “insight” 当作抽象的 “对事物的深度认知” ，用单数形式更能体现其抽象性和整体性，若用复数 “insights” ，会让这种抽象的深度认知变得零散、具体，不符合语境要表达的 “通过人文探索获得综合、深刻认知” 的意思 。

---

段落 2: Research into the human experience helps to 3) boost our knowledge about our world. Through the work of humanities scholars, we learn about the values of different cultures, about what goes into making a work of art, and about the 4) mystery of how history is made. Their efforts depict the great accomplishments of the past, help us understand the world today, and give us tools to imagine the 5) prospect of our future.

翻译：对人类经验的研究有助于 3) 提升 我们对世界的认知。通过人文学者的研究工作，我们了解不同文化的价值观、创作一件艺术作品所涉及的因素（艺术作品的创作要素），以及历史是如何被创造的 4) 奥秘 。他们的努力描绘了过去的伟大成就，帮助我们理解当今世界，并为我们提供工具去想象我们未来的 5) 前景 。

• boost (提升): 提高或增强。

• mystery (神秘): 神秘或难以理解的事物。

• prospect (前景): 前景或展望。

---

段落 3: Today, humanistic knowledge continues to 6) promote the ideal foundation for exploring and understanding the human experience. Learning another language might help to 7) invest you with great insights as well as gain much 8) appreciation of different cultures. Taking a close look at a sculpture might make you think about how an artist’s life 9) affected his creative decisions. Reading a book from another region of the world might help you 10) speculate about the meaning of democracy. Listening to history courses might give you a clearer picture of what the future will be like.

翻译：如今，人文知识继续 6) 促进 探索和理解人类经验的理想基础。学习另一种语言可能有助于 7) 赋予你 深刻见解，同时获得对不同文化的大量 8) 欣赏 。仔细观察一座雕塑可能会让你思考艺术家的生活是如何 9) 影响 其创作决定的。阅读来自世界其他地区的一本书可能会帮助你 10) 推测 民主的意义。听历史课程可能会让你更清楚地了解未来会是什么样子 。

• “promote” : “促进；提升” 

• appreciate (感激): 欣赏或感激。

• affected (影响): 影响或改变。

• speculate (推测): 推测或猜测。

---

7 . Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. Each expression can be used only once.

prepare for（为…… 做准备 ）、be bound to（一定；必定 ）、stand up for（支持；维护 ）、in favor of（支持；赞成 ）、speculate about（推测；猜测 ）、in the company of（与…… 在一起 ）、in the form of（以…… 形式 ）、be liable to（易于；有…… 倾向 ）、invest...with（赋予…… ）、in succession（连续地；接连地 ）

句子 1: Because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight, they may not consume enough iron-rich food and be liable to experience an iron deficiency.

• be liable to (易于): 可能的，有倾向的。 in an effort to  为了努力

• 翻译：因为女性常常为了控制体重而限制饮食，她们可能没有摄入足够的富含铁的食物，从而可能经历铁缺乏。

句子 2: Some reform advocates ignore the impact of class size on student achievement, and they are in favor of what they call as a priority: teacher effectiveness.

• in favor of (支持): 支持或赞成。

• 翻译：一些改革倡导者忽视班级规模对学生成绩的影响，并且他们支持他们称之为优先事项的东西：教师教学效果 。

句子 3: Because of easy access to the Internet, the new breakthrough to create something truly creative be bound to happen anytime now.

• 解析：
  • 所填短语解析：“be bound to” 意为 “一定；必定” ，因为互联网容易获取，所以有真正创造性成果的新突破必定随时可能发生，体现这种必然性 。
  • 句子翻译：由于能轻易使用互联网，创造出真正有创造性成果的新突破 3) 必定 随时可能发生 。

句子 4: Indeed, if teachers want to speculate about how far students might get in life, a better measurement than grades might be how hard the students try.

• speculate about (推测): 猜测或推测某事。

• 翻译：实际上，如果教师想要推测学生在生活中能走多远，比成绩更好的衡量标准可能是学生的努力程度。

句子 5: Nature has invested these animals with a capacity for not showing fear.

• invested with (赋予): 赋予或授予。

• 翻译：大自然赋予了这些动物不表现出恐惧的能力。

句子 6: During the weeks of discussion, delegations from groups who are interested in the resolution may call on representatives to stand up for their point of view.

• stand up for (为...辩护): 为...辩护或支持。delegations ：代表团

• 翻译：在数周的讨论期间，对决议感兴趣的团体代表团可能会呼吁代表 维护 他们的观点 。

句子 7: Plato was a superl writer, and his works are part of the world's great literature. Most of his existing work is in the form of dialogs and letters.

• “in the form of” 意为 “以…… 形式” ，柏拉图的作品大多以对话和书信的形式存在，符合对其作品形式的描述 。

• 翻译：柏拉图是一位杰出的作家，他的作品是世界伟大文学的一部分。他现存的作品大多以对话和书信的形式呈现 。

句子 8: Young people should enter into a broad flexible training program, through which they can learn a lot and be prepared for their future careers.

• “prepare for” 意为 “为…… 做准备” ，“be + 过去分词” 构成被动语态，年轻人通过培训项目为未来职业做准备，“prepare” 的过去分词是 “prepared” 。

• 翻译：年轻人应该参加一个广泛灵活的培训项目，通过这个项目他们可以学到很多东西，并为他们未来的职业做好准备。

句子 9: The young man is very happy and proud to be in the company of the old professor because he always feels great when talking with him.

• in the company of意为 “与…… 在一起” ，年轻人和老教授在一起很开心、自豪，符合语境 

• 翻译：这个年轻人非常高兴和自豪能与老教授在一起，因为和他交谈时，自己总是感觉很棒 

句子 10: One day they passed more than 20 villages in succession, and some of these are said to have stretched for six miles or more.

• “in succession” 意为 “连续地；接连地” ，他们一天连续经过 20 多个村庄，语义通顺

• 翻译：有一天，他们连续地经过了 20 多个村庄，其中一些村庄据说绵延六英里或更长 。

---

 

UNIT 3

3.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Each word can be used only once.（用下面给出的单词填空。必要时改变形式。每个单词只能用一次 。 ）

单词：phase, label, parallel, sensible, peculiar, equivalent, radical, resent, predict, witness（阶段；贴上标签；与…… 类似；明智的；独特的；等同物；激进的；怨恨；预测；目击 ）

句子 1: Ernest Hemingway’s keen insight into his society, ardent love for people and perceptive abilities helped him to form his own peculiar characteristic of writing.

• peculiar (独特的): 特有的，独特的。

• 翻译：海明威对社会的敏锐洞察力、对人民的热爱以及感知能力，帮助他形成了自己独特的写作风格。

句子 2: The project is on the point of collapse, and unless something very radical is done to repair the damage there will be no hope for the project.

• radical (激进的): 激进的；彻底的

• 翻译：这个项目濒临崩溃，除非采取非常彻底的措施来修复损失，否则这个项目就没有希望了

句子 3: It’s not unusual for teenagers to go through a(n) phase when they feel ashamed of their parents, afraid that they might not live up to their friends’ standards.

• phase (阶段): 一段时间，通常指发展的某个阶段。

• 翻译：青少年经历一个对自己的父母感到难为情、担心自己达不到朋友标准的阶段，这是很常见的 。

句子 4: It is sensible for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and know how to leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake.

• sensible (明智的): 合理的，明智的。

• 翻译：对每个家庭来说，制定地震应急计划并知道在地震后的混乱中如何离开该区域是明智的 

句子 5: Economists are interested in all the factors that can help to predict the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand in the market.

• predict (预测): 预测，预报。

• 翻译：经济学家对所有有助于预测价格变化会在多大程度上影响市场供需的因素都感兴趣 。

句子 6: Starting Monday, all foods labeled “organic” must be up to the strict national standards that the government decided to put into effect now.

• labeled (标记): 标记为，贴标签为。

• 翻译：从周一开始，所有标记为“有机”的食品都必须达到政府现在决定实施的严格国家标准。

"Put into effect" 这个短语的中文翻译是“实施”或“生效”。它指的是使某项计划、政策、法律、规定等开始正式执行或产生效力。

句子 7: There is more to a woman than her looks, so I resent the fact that after a woman grows old and loses her looks people stop paying attention to her.

• resent (愤恨): 对...感到不满或怨恨。

• 女性的内涵远不止外表，所以我对女性年老色衰后人们就不再关注她这一事实感到愤恨 。

句子 8: Apart from technological development, the 20th century witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural transformation.

• witnessed (见证): 见证，经历。

• 翻译：除了技术发展，20世纪还见证了全球政治、经济和文化的巨变。

句子 9: Unlike the practice in China, if you’re at a hotel restaurant in the United States, expect a 15-20 percent service charge or add the equivalent amount yourself.

• equivalent (等价的): 等价的，相当于。

• 翻译：与中国的做法不同，如果你在美国的酒店餐厅，预计会有15-20%的服务费，或者自己加上等价的金额。

句子 10: The change in smoking habits parallels a change in the incidence of lung cancer. The more people smoke, the more chances of occurrence for lung cancer.

• parallels (与...相似): 与...相似或平行。incidence：发病率

• 翻译：吸烟习惯的变化与肺癌发病率的变化相似。吸烟的人越多，肺癌发生的机会就越多。

6 . Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.（从词库中选择合适的单词填空。每个单词只能用一次 。 ）

单词：A anxiety（焦虑 ）、B introduce（介绍；引进 ）、C acquaint（使熟悉；使了解 ）、D acquisition（获得；习得 ）、E saddled（使承担 ）、F indicated（表明；指示 ）、G resent（怨恨；愤恨 ）、H reinforce（加强；强化 ）、I expressed（表达 ）、J sensible（明智的；合理的 ）、K transition（过渡；转变 ）、L equivalent（等同的；相当的 ）、M regretting（后悔；懊悔 ）、N acceptable（可接受的 ）、O shifting（转变；转移 ）

段落 1: There is a special life stage that our generation goes through. It is the 1) transition period, during which we move from adolescence to adulthood. We learn who we are and what we stand for and what inspires us. Also, in this period we are 2) saddled with a lot of pressure from our parents who want us to make something out of ourselves.

翻译： 我们这一代人会经历一个特殊的人生阶段。这是过渡期，在此期间我们从青春期过渡到成年期。我们了解自己是谁，我们代表什么，以及什么激励着我们。此外，在这个时期，我们还要承受来自父母的很大压力，他们希望我们能有所成就。

• transition (过渡): 从一种状态转变到另一种状态的时期。

• saddled (使担负): 使承担或担负。

---

段落 2: My parents have already expressed feelings of 3) anxiety over my future with academics and life. When I expressed to them recently that I would not mind graduating in five years instead of four in order to study abroad to 4) acquaint myself with the world, they seemed so shocked. That idea sounded foreign and to them was 5) equivalent to lack of ambition.

翻译： 我的父母已经表达了对我未来学术和生活的焦虑。当我最近告诉他们，我不介意用五年而不是四年毕业，以便出国学习，让自己熟悉这个世界时，他们显得非常震惊。这个想法听起来很陌生，对他们来说相当于缺乏雄心壮志。

• anxiety (焦虑): 对未来的担忧或不安。

• acquaint (使熟悉): 使熟悉或了解。

• equivalent (等同): 相当于或等同于。“be equivalent to” 意为 “等同于；相当于” 

---

段落 3: Apart from that, my mother has 6) expressed to me that she is worried that I am not searching for a boyfriend. I 7) resent this stupid idea of marrying out of college since it does not suit me one bit. Women today can get what they want out of life without a man, even children, as it becomes more 8) acceptable for women to adopt children.

翻译：除此之外，我的母亲向我表达了她担心我没在找男朋友。我反感这个大学毕业就结婚的愚蠢想法，因为这完全不适合我。如今，女性可以在没有男人的情况下获得她们想要的生活，甚至是孩子，因为女性领养孩子变得越来越可接受。

• expressed：表达

• resent : 怨恨、反感

• acceptable (可接受的): 可以接受的。

为何用express而不用indicate

语义侧重不同

• “express” ：更强调 “（用言语、文字等）表达（情感、想法等）” ，常搭配 “feelings（情感 ）”“worries（担忧 ）” 等抽象内容，侧重于传递主观的情绪、想法 。
• “indicate” ：主要意思是 “表明；暗示；指示” ，更倾向于通过某种迹象、行为等间接 “显示；说明” 情况，比如 “Research indicates that eating habits are changing.（研究表明饮食习惯在改变 ）” ，是较为客观的 “指出；显示” 。

固定搭配及用法习惯

• “express to sb. that...” 是常用搭配，意为 “向某人表达……（想法、情绪等 ）” ，符合英语的表达习惯，能流畅地体现 “母亲向我表达她的担忧” 这一行为 。
• “indicate” 常见搭配如 “indicate sth.（表明某事 ）”“indicate that...（表明…… ）” ，但 “indicate to sb. that...” 虽语法上可行，可语义和语境适配度远不如 “express” ，用 “express” 更符合日常交流中 “表达个人情绪、想法” 的语言习惯 。

---

段落 4: I personally want to stay in school as long as I can to 9) reinforce my academic work, possibly complete a law degree and start a career, and then after, and only after, begin to think about 10) shifting to marriage. If my math is correct, that means I will be more or less “ready” for marriage at the age of 29 or 30, the age when my mother had me.

翻译： 我个人希望尽可能长时间地留在学校，以加强我的学术工作，可能完成一个法律学位并开始职业生涯，然后，只有在那之后，才开始考虑转向婚姻。如果我的计算正确，这意味着我将在29或30岁左右“准备好”结婚，也就是我母亲生我的年龄。

• reinforce (加强): 增强或加强某事。

• shifting (转变): 改变或转移。

7 . Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. Each expression can be used only once.

短语：resort to（诉诸；求助于 ）、prior to（在…… 之前 ）、make allowances for（考虑到；体谅 ）、back off（退缩；让步 ）、wonder at（对…… 感到惊讶 ）、give way to（让位于；被…… 取代 ）、saddle with（使承担 ）、base upon /on（以…… 为基础 ）

句子 1: As the result of her divorce, she was obviously saddled with the double burden of playing the role of both mother and father.

• saddled with (使担负): 使承担或担负。

• 翻译：由于离婚，她显然担负起了既是母亲又是父亲的双重负担。

句子 2: Do not be intimidated by people who think they are smarter than you, and don’t back off when facing competition; inner confidence is important.

• back off (退缩): 退却或放弃。

• 翻译：不要被那些认为自己比你聪明的人吓倒，在面对竞争时不要退缩；内心的自信很重要。

句子 3: As our sweet childhood gives way to adolescence’s temptation of love, we begin to learn, as adults, that most pleasures do not last forever.

• gives way to (让位于): 被...取代。

• 翻译：当我们甜蜜的童年让位于 青春期爱情的诱惑时，作为成年人，我们开始明白大多数快乐不会永远持续 。

句子 4: In the economic recession, employers resort to the reduction of costs, most particularly in wages, in order to survive in the competitive world markets.

• resort to : 采取某种手段或方法。

• 翻译：在经济衰退时期，雇主们采取削减成本的做法，尤其是在工资方面，以便在竞争激烈的世界市场中生存下来 。

句子 5: People from abroad can take part in the intensified language program because schools have to make allowances for students whose English is not their first language.

• make allowances for (考虑到): 为...做出调整或考虑。

• 翻译：来自国外的人可以参加加强语言项目，因为学校必须为那些英语不是第一语言的学生做出调整。

句子 6: Talking about negotiations, once an agreement is made, the Chinese sometimes wonder at the slow pace in which Westerners implement the decision.

• wonder at (对...感到惊讶): 对某事感到惊奇或不解。

• 翻译：谈到谈判，一旦达成协议，中国人有时会对西方人执行决定的缓慢节奏感到惊讶 。

句子 7: Earthquakes occur without warning; however, it is claimed that some animals can feel earthquakes prior to occurrences because of their highly sensitive organs.

• prior to (在...之前): 在某事发生之前。

• 翻译：地震发生时没有预警；然而，据称一些动物由于其高度敏感的器官，能在地震发生之前感觉到 。

句子 8: An allowance can be based upon / on your child’s age, your own financial resources, the expenses it will cover and the goals you and your child wish to accomplish.

• based upon / on (基于): 以...为基础。

• 翻译：零用钱可以基于您孩子的年龄、您自己的财务资源、它将涵盖的费用以及您和您的孩子希望实现的目标。

---

 

UNIT  4 

3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Each word can be used only once.

 •  commence  •  deserve  •  tempting  •  coordinate  •  lodge  •  confess  •  grant  •  proceed  •  display  •  consequently

【1】When the police caught up with him, Mr. Foster had to confess that he’d broken the speed limit.

解析：confess (承认): 承认做了某事，尤其是不好的事情。

        翻译：当警察追上他时，Foster先生不得不承认他超速了。

【2】Whenever my boss makes a decision that I don’t agree with, I tell him what I really think, though it’s tempting to make him happy by telling him his ideas are always right.

解析：tempting (诱人的): 某事看起来很吸引人或令人想要去做。

        翻译：每当我的老板做出我不同意的决定时，我都会告诉他我的真实想法，尽管告诉他他的    想法总是正确的可能会让他高兴，这很诱人。

【3】As can be probably perceived, a manned trip to Mars may soon commence since scientists have achieved the manned moon mission.

解析：commence (开始): 开始某事，尤指正式或重要的活动。

        翻译：正如可能被感知的那样，由于科学家已经完成了载人登月任务，载人火星之旅可能很    快就会开始。

【4】A number of countries are coordinating their efforts to send out food to the area worst affected by the flood.

解析：coordinating (协调): 协调，组织不同的活动或努力以使它们协同工作。

           翻译：许多国家正在协调它们的努力，向受洪水影响最严重的地区运送食物。

【5】State governments and the colleges themselves have granted financial help to students with special abilities and those with financial needs.

解析：granted (提供): 在这里指提供或给予帮助。

          翻译：州政府和大学本身已经为有特殊能力的学生和有经济需要的学生提供了经济帮助。

【6】The committee agreed that his papers deserve a wider circulation because of their essential and fundamental interest to a larger audience.

解析：deserve (值得): 应得或值得某事。

        翻译：委员会同意，由于他的论文对更广泛的读者具有基本和根本的兴趣，所以值得更广泛    的传播。

在这句话中，使用 "deserve" 的一般现在时是正确的，不需要将其变为过去时态。原因如下：

1. 语境：这句话描述的是一个客观事实或当前的情况，即委员会认为他的论文值得更广泛的传播，因为它们对更广泛的读者具有基本和根本的兴趣。这是一个普遍真理或当前的评估，而不是一个过去发生的事件。

2. 时态一致性：句子中的其他动词（如 "agreed"）虽然是过去时，但它们描述的是委员会的决定或意见，而 "deserve" 描述的是论文的属性或价值，这些属性或价值是持续存在的，不依赖于特定的时间点。

3. 语法规则：在英语中，描述客观事实、普遍真理或当前状态的动词通常使用一般现在时，即使主句是过去时。例如：

   • "He said that the earth revolves around the sun."（他说地球绕太阳转。）

【7】The anger and frustration displayed by the local people who do not understand what is happening to them will be a terrible and dangerous force.

解析：displayed (表现): 显示或展现情感或态度。

        翻译：当地人民因不理解发生在他们身上的事情而表现出的愤怒和挫败感将是一种可怕和危                       险的力量。

【8】Americans defend the right to obtain a gun, and they have consequently been willing to turn a blind eye to the harm that people owning guns have caused.

解析：consequently (因此): 作为结果。

        翻译：美国人捍卫获得枪支的权利，因此他们一直愿意对拥有枪支的人所造成的伤害视而不                       见。

【9】As the finance ministry rejected the deal for its “lack of clarity”, it lodged a complaint with the European Commission that this deal was against the law.

解析：lodged (提出): 提出正式的投诉或抗议。

          翻译：由于财政部因“缺乏清晰度”拒绝了该交易，它向欧盟委员会提出了投诉，认为这笔交                      易是违法的。

【10】Dogs cannot distinguish the color of traffic lights, so the master must make the decision of when it is safe to proceed across the road.

解析：proceed (继续进行): 在这里指继续前进或穿越。

        翻译：狗不能区分交通灯的颜色，所以主人必须决定何时安全穿越道路。

 6. Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.

A 、promising   B、 tempting  •  F comment  •  G charm  •  H components  •  I allowing  •  K weird  •  L display  •  M arrange  •  N commence  •  O magic  •  E proceed

---

 段落 1: Traditional dating is a self-paced, general meeting of two people. The two usually 1) commence with spending extra time together, getting to know one another and seeing how 2) promising they could be to each other. A good example is a man meeting a woman and sensing her 3) charm. He then extends a formal invitation for a date. With traditional dating, you get to go at a steady pace, 4) allowing yourself and your date to get to know each other through extensive contact.

翻译： 传统约会是一种自我节奏的、两个人的一般性会面。两人通常以额外相处一段时间、相互了解并看看彼此对对方而言有多大发展潜力作为开端。一个很好的例子是一个男人遇见一个女人并感受到她的魅力。然后他正式邀请她约会。通过传统约会，你可以以稳定的速度进行，允许你自己和你的约会对象通过广泛的接触来了解彼此。

commence (开始): 开始某事，尤指正式或重要的活动。

promising意为 “有前途的；有潜力的” ，“how promising they could be to each other” 能合理表达 “两人相互之间（发展关系方面）有多大潜力” ，符合约会场景中彼此试探、了解可能性的语境。

charm (魅力): 吸引他人的特质或能力。

allowing (允许): 给予机会或时间去做某事。

---

段落 2: There are many 5) components that can be expected from traditional dates. Men, who are supposed to 6) display these traditional values, will open the door for the woman, stand up when she leaves the table, pay for everything, and 7) proceed to the next move. In the 1950s, a man would usually ask a woman out several days ahead for a specific date and time. If she accepted, they would 8) arrange for a time to pick her up. He would then take her to a dinner and a movie.

翻译： 传统约会中可以预期有很多组成部分。被期望展示这些传统价值观的男人会为女人开门，当她离开桌子时站起来，支付所有费用，并继续下一步。在20世纪50年代，男人通常会提前几天邀请女人在特定的日期和时间出去。如果她接受了，他们会安排一个时间来接她。然后他会带她去吃晚餐和看电影。

components (组成部分): 构成整体的各个部分。

display (展示): 展示或表现出某种行为或特质。

proceed (继续): 继续进行到下一步。

arrange (安排): 安排或组织某事。

---

段落 3: Today the rules of traditional dating are less clear. Twenty years ago, if a young lady asked a young man out on a date, it was thought to be 9) weird. Now, women are being encouraged to take the initiative and ask men out. A date may consist of a brief meeting at a café or a trip to the 10) local art museum. Men often pay on the first date, but the woman may offer to go Dutch. The traditional dating style has been found much less common now.

翻译： 今天，传统约会的规则不那么清晰了。二十年前，如果一个年轻女士邀请一个年轻男士出去约会，这被认为是奇怪的。现在，鼓励女性采取主动邀请男性出去。约会可能包括在咖啡馆短暂会面或去当地艺术博物馆的旅行。男性通常在第一次约会时付款，但女性可能会提议AA制。传统的约会方式现在被发现不那么常见了。

weird (奇怪的): 不寻常的或令人感到奇怪的。

local (当地的): 附近的或本地的。

 7. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. Each expression can be used only once.

immune to  •  fall in love with  •  go along with  •  on one's behalf  •  be filled with  •  take the liberty of  •  expel from  •  be pessimistic about

【1】 She authorized her partner to carry out the daily responsibilities on her behalf when she was on her business trip.

解析：on her behalf (代表她): 代表某人做某事。

 翻译：她授权她的合作伙伴在她出差时代表她履行日常职责。

【2】 On hearing the latest news about your mother’s ill health, I took the liberty of canceling your reservation at the Sheraton.

解析：take the liberty of (擅自做某事): 未经允许而做某事。

翻译：听到你母亲健康状况不佳的最新消息后，我擅自取消了你在谢拉顿酒店的预订。

用过去式 took ，是因为 “取消预订” 这个动作是在 “听到消息” 之后发生的，而 “听到消息” 是过去的一个触发事件，整个行为序列都处于过去的时间语境中 。

【3】: There was an obvious indication that the police who had to enforce the new law were not immune to the general discontent.

解析：immune to (对...免疫): 对某事不受影响。

 翻译：很明显的迹象表明，必须执行新法律的警察对普遍的不满情绪并不免疫。

【4】 When she heard of her failure in the experiment, her eyes were filled with tears; whether it was of shame, frustration, or grief was difficult to tell.

解析：were filled with (充满): 充满了某种情感或物质。

 翻译：当她听说实验失败时，她的眼中充满了泪水；很难分辨是羞愧、沮丧还是悲伤。

【5】Rose knows that continuous letters from John, together with countless roses, are aimed at making her fall in love with him.

解析：fall in love with (爱上): 爱上某人。

翻译：罗斯知道，约翰连续不断的信件和无数的玫瑰都是为了让她爱上他。

【6】 Expelled from public school for drinking and smoking and then failing to show business as a singer, she joined her father’s business 10 years ago.

解析：Expelled from (被...开除): 从某处被开除。

       翻译：因饮酒和吸烟被公立学校开除，然后作为歌手未能成功，她十年前加入了父亲的生意。

【7】: Since the great scandals in banking, many people in the country have been pessimistic about the prospects of economic recovery within a few years.

解析：been pessimistic about (对...悲观): 对某事持悲观态度。

翻译：自从银行发生重大丑闻以来，该国许多人对几年内经济复苏的前景持悲观态度。

【8】 The parents were quite happy to go along with our suggestion because it had taken their most important concerns into consideration.

解析：go along with (同意): 同意或接受某事。take ……into  consideration 考虑……

翻译：父母很高兴同意我们的建议，因为它考虑了他们最重要的担忧。

---

 

UNIT  5

3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. Each word can be used only once.

manipulate  •  contradict  •  paradox  •  perspective  •  defy  •  suspend  •  tackle  •  retain  •  derive  •  explicit

【1】The “discipline” message asks people to save, while the “enjoy yourself” message asks people to spend; therefore, they contradict each other.

解析：contradict (矛盾): 相互矛盾或冲突。

翻译："节俭自律"的信息要求人们储蓄，而"享受生活"的信息要求人们消费；因此，它们相互矛盾。

【2】It is a(n) paradox that in some odd way world peace appears to depend on our spending millions of pounds on weapons that can kill us all.

解析：paradox (悖论): 表面上荒谬但可能正确的陈述。

 翻译：这是一个悖论，以某种奇怪的方式，世界和平似乎取决于我们在可能杀死我们所有人的武器上花费数百万英镑。

【3】 It is far more effective for parents to allow for the child’s perspective and let him make his own choice rather than make a decision for him.

解析：perspective (观点): 个人的看法或视角。

翻译：对于父母来说，允许孩子的观点并让他自己做出选择，比为他做决定更有效。

因为这里说的是单个孩子的一种观点，所以用单数 “perspective” 来体现这种特定、单一的视角啦，用复数反而会让语义变混乱，不符合句子要表达的 “尊重孩子个人想法” 的意思哟～

【4】 When you are writing any directions for people, you’ve got to be direct and explicit to make everything rightly understood.

解析：explicit (明确的): 明确无误的，不含糊的。

翻译：当你为人们写任何指示时，你必须直接和明确，以确保一切都被正确理解。

【5】The new teaching program was suspended last semester because the teachers in the department protested its demand for more intense work.

解析：suspended (暂停): 暂时停止或延迟。

翻译：上学期新的教学计划被暂停，因为系里的老师抗议它对更高强度工作的要求。

【6】 He is a very considerate and generous person, and he is also one of those who can often derive pleasure from helping others.

解析：derive (获得): 从某事中获得或提取。

翻译：他是一个非常体贴和慷慨的人，他也是那些经常能从帮助他人中获得快乐的人之一。

【7】 Many children are addicted to computers, so they often defy their parents and play the computer games for hours every day.

解析：defy (违抗): 反抗或不服从。

翻译：许多孩子沉迷于电脑，所以他们经常违抗父母，每天玩电脑游戏数小时。

【8】 My roommate is always very optimistic, and that’s why he still retains his good humor after all the setbacks.

解析：retains (保持): 保持或保留。

翻译：我的室友总是非常乐观，这就是为什么他在经历了所有的挫折之后仍然保持良好的情绪。

【9】 There is a widely held suspicion that the politician, though retired, still has great power and is manipulating events behind the scenes.

解析：manipulating (操纵): 控制或影响。

翻译：人们普遍怀疑，尽管这位政治家已经退休，但他仍然拥有巨大的权力，并在幕后操纵事件。

【10】 The organization has been working with local authorities as well as regional government and officials to tackle the problem of climate change.

解析：tackle (解决): 处理或解决。  work with…… 与……合作

翻译：该组织一直在与地方当局以及地区政府和官员合作，以应对气候变化问题。

6. Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the word bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.

A charmed  •  B dilemma  •  C appetite  •  D explicit  •  E retain  •  F derive  •  G withdraw  •  H urgent  •  I manipulated  •  J obstacles  •  K option  •  L implicit     •  M hinder  •  N suspend  •  O perspectives

---

段落 1: To spend or save is a question which many people have. There is always a(n) 1) dilemma whether one should spend the money that he has earned or save that money for the future. Well, there is no 2) explicit answer to the question as different people have different 3) perspectives on their life, and that is the reason why some people tend to spend all the money earned while others 4) retain control over their money.

翻译： 花钱还是存钱是许多人都有的问题。是否应该花掉赚来的钱还是为将来存钱，总是一个困境。嗯，这个问题没有明确的答案，因为不同的人对生活有不同的观点，这就是为什么有些人倾向于花掉所有赚来的钱，而另一些人则保持对金钱的控制。

dilemma (困境): 进退两难的境地。

explicit (明确的): 清晰明确的。

perspectives (观点): 不同的看法或观点。

retain (保持): 保持或保留。

---

段落 2: People who spend all the money do not think much about the future. The only thing that they enjoy doing most is to 5) derive pleasure from spending money. For example, if they like a particular car, mobile phone or laptop, they will buy it without giving it a thought. For them, the most important thing is to satisfy their material 6) appetite. People who have their first job or who haven’t married often fall in this category.

翻译： 那些花掉所有钱的人不太考虑未来。他们最喜欢做的事情就是从花钱中获得快乐。例如，如果他们喜欢特定的汽车、手机或笔记本电脑，他们会不假思索地购买。对他们来说，最重要的是满足他们的物质欲望。第一次工作或未婚的人通常属于这一类。

derive (获得): 从某事中获得或提取。

appetite (欲望): 对某事物的强烈欲望。

---

段落 3: In the long run, saving is a good 7) option for one’s life as saving helps an individual to plan for future 8) urgent needs. That is also the reason why many people save money for a rainy day. Individuals who can 9) withdraw their spending save money successfully. Instead of buying on impulse, they delay their purchasing decision and won’t be easily 10) charmed by commercial ads. Individuals who have responsibility for their family belong to this category.

翻译： 从长远来看，储蓄是一个人生活中一个好的选择，因为储蓄有助于个人规划未来紧急的需求。这也是为什么许多人为不时之需存钱的原因。能够节制消费的人能够成功地存钱。他们不会冲动购买，而是推迟购买决定，不会轻易被商业广告吸引。对家庭有责任的个人属于这一类。

option (选择): 可供选择的事物。

urgent (紧急的): 需要立即注意或处理的。

withdraw：节制；克制（消费欲望等）

“suspend” 虽有 “暂缓；暂停” 含义，但更多指 “暂时停止（活动、进程等）” ，比如 “suspend a project（暂停一个项目 ）” ，放在此处，“suspend their spending” 侧重 “完全暂停消费行为” ，可实际生活中人们很难做到完全暂停消费，语义太极端，不符合 “成功存钱是通过合理节制消费” 这一常规逻辑 。
• 而 “withdraw” 在这里结合语境，可理解为 “节制；克制（消费欲望等）” ，更贴合 “合理控制消费，进而存钱” 的表意，比如 “withdraw from excessive spending（节制过度消费 ）” ，能精准体现通过主动约束消费行为来存钱的意思，语义更自然、合理 。

charmed : be charmed by被…… 吸引 

---

 7. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. Each expression can be used only once.

take stock of  •  put off  •  at odds with  •  on track  •  take in  •  consult with  •  refer to  •  do one’s utmost

句子 1: People who work in offices are referred to as “white-collar workers” for the simple reason that they traditionally wear a white shirt with a collar and a tie to go to work.

• referred to (被称为): 被提及或称为。

• 翻译：在办公室工作的人被称为“白领工人”，原因很简单，因为他们传统上穿着白衬衫、打着领带去上班。

句子 2: When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the evidence that was at odds with his earlier statement made a few hours ago.

• at odds with: 与...不一致

• 翻译：当警察到达时，他已经销毁了与几个小时前他早期陈述不一致的证据。

句子 3: In order to persuade his daughter to put offthe marriage, the father quoted statistics showing mixed-race couples had higher divorce rates than same-race couples.

• put off (推迟): 推迟某事。

• 翻译：为了说服他的女儿推迟这段婚姻，父亲引用了统计数据，显示混血夫妇的离婚率高于同种族夫妇。

句子 4: The mother made the decision to give cough medicine and Aspirin to her sick child without consulting with the child’s doctor.

• consulting with : 与某人咨询。

• 翻译：母亲决定在没有咨询孩子医生的情况下给孩子咳嗽药和阿司匹林。

句子 5: Both professional experts and school teachers say that children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts.

• do their utmost : 竭尽全力

• 翻译：专业专家和学校老师说，当孩子们看到他们的父母做出类似的努力时，他们往往会竭尽全力。

句子 6: As she entered the most dynamic period of her career, Kylie took stock of her success and tried to analyze the strong impact of her college education.

• took stock of (评估): 评估或审视。

• 翻译：当她进入职业生涯中最活跃的时期时，凯莉评估了自己的成功，并试图分析她的大学教育的强烈影响。

句子 7: The chief executive George Grey is confident that current growth levels can be maintained since all the group’s development projects stay on track.

• on track: 按计划或按预期进行。

• 翻译：首席执行官乔治·格雷相信，由于该集团的所有发展项目都按计划进行，当前的增长水平可以保持。

句子 8: It is very important for students to understand and take in new information. Besides, they should examine and judge information carefully and then make the right decisions.

• take in : 吸收或理解。

• 翻译：对学生来说，理解和吸收新信息非常重要。此外，他们应该仔细检查和判断信息，然后做出正确的决定。